scholarly journals Methodology as a tool of historical knowledge: relevant about the obvious

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Valentyn Ivanenko ◽  
Hennadii Kryvchyk ◽  
Iryna Nakashydze
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Methodological Principle ◽  
Special Role ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Methods Analytical

The purpose of the article is to actualize and clarify the main principles and methods of scientific research in their relationship and interdependence (on example of historical sciences). Research methods: analytical, historical, comparative and system-structural. Main results. The article illustrates the relationship of principles with general scientific and specific historical methods. Clarifications are made and examples of their use are given. Concise conclusions. Modern literature on methodology of science is presented mostly by the publications of methodical character. Such character of publications did not require consideration of problem aspects of methodology from their authors, in particular question about interdependence of principles and methods of scientific research. In most works such important concept as “research principles” is not examined practically, with what we cannot agree categorically. In our opinion, methods as research instruments and principles as rules of using these instruments exist between subject and object of research. If methods are the researcher’s tools, then the principles of the research are a kind of the ethical and professional code of a scientist. It consists of a number of professional principles which are based on: a) fundamental human ethical norms; b) scientific ethics; c) the special features of a particular science. In its turn, the general scientific principles are applied in various scientific fields, especially in the historical sciences. Among them are the principles of truth supremacy, deideologization, independence, dialectics, specificity, consistency, objectivity, immersion in the historical era (historicism), etс. It is also necessary to note a special role of dialectics in the scientific study, which serves as main principle and at the same time as the general scientific method. As a principle, dialectics is the essence of the world view of a scientist. As a method, dialectics helps the researcher to reveal the essence of phenomena and processes in all contradictions and interrelations of their components. Modern science possesses the wide arsenal of general and special methods. Their choice depends on scientific industry, object, aim and research tasks. A scientist must choose in this arsenal of facilities most effective and rational. If present methods are not enough, he should create the methods and use them accordance with all known methodological principles. The comparative method plays an important role in historical cognition. Firstly, comparison gives the opportunity to realize better the essence of phenomena. Secondly, when comparing a researcher goes beyond a narrow topic, uses additional empirical material and eventually expands his scientific outlook and creative range. The latter is one of the main indicators of the scholar’s scientific qualification. Practical significance. It’s recommended for use by scholars (especially young people) for historical research. Originality. The need to adhere to the main methodological principles in historical studies is substantiated. Scientific novelty. An attempt is made to “rehabilitate” and actualize the concept of “methodological principle”, which includes the ethical standards of a scientist based on universal values formulated in the Bible. Article type: descriptive.

scholarly journals STATUS AND CLASSIFICATIONS OF SLOGANES IN ADVERTISING COMMUNICATION

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (390) ◽  
pp. 146-153
Author(s):  
L. Savchenko ◽  
S. Tovkach ◽  
A. Shilina ◽  
N. Yablonovskaya ◽  
O. Subbotina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Advertising Campaign ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Linguistic Unit ◽  
Autonomous Element ◽  
Advertising Appeal ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Advertising Communication

An advertising slogan is a special genre of advertising text that acts as a connecting link in the entire advertising campaign. In addition, slogans also perform a number of other functions, being the most important unit of advertising communication, they influence the recipients of information, affect their emotions and behavior. The relevance of the topic is due to the increased interest in the rapidly developing language of advertising. The article is devoted to general issues of the functioning of an advertising slogan in the structure of advertising activities, classification of slogans in advertising communication. Research methods are determined by the goals and objectives of the work. In a complex linguistic analysis, the following general scientific theoretical methods are used: the continuous sampling method, the descriptive-analytical method, the comparative-comparative method. The theoretical significance of this study lies in the expansion, deepening and systematization of theoretical information about the concept of an advertising slogan. The scientific and practical significance of the work lies in the fact that the materials of the study can be used in theoretical courses on advertising in the study of intercultural communication. Results. The totality of the typological characteristics of the slogan distinguishes it from the background of other verbal units of advertising appeal. These are laconicism and imagery of form, expressiveness, focus on dialogue with the addressee. The slogan of a product that is just entering the market must contain the brand name. This will allow the consumer to be remembered faster. Having analyzed the functions and typological characteristics of the slogan, we came to the conclusion that the slogan is a key autonomous element of the advertising message and can be used both in the context of advertising, being its component, and separately, having semantic, structural, compositional features. The slogan can act as a linguistic unit, independent of other elements of the advertising text, expressing the essence of the advertising campaign, the company's image, the dominant idea. Thus, the changes caused by extralinguistic factors inevitably lead to the creation of new advertising images, which in turn requires a qualitative transformation of the nature of the advertising text and the emergence of new advertising slogans.

scholarly journals The idea of wholeness as a Russian socio-political phenomenon

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
A. Ishutin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Harmonious Development ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Political Views ◽  
The Future ◽  
Political Ideal ◽  
Social Upheaval ◽  
The Trinity

The purpose of this article is to identify the role and significance of the category of wholeness in the Russian socio-political and historical process. Such methods of scientific research as the retrospective method, the comparative method and the hermeneutic method are used in the article. The author of the article claims that in the context of the collapse of the project Modern and the related worldview impasse, the idea of wholeness becomes the most important ideological paradigm, and this paradigm is peculiar to the Russian socio-political, cultural and philosophical sphere. Just in the Russian worldview wholeness is an important unifying component. It is very significant that thinkers out of completely different social backgrounds and completely different political views came to the idea of wholeness. As an example, the author of the article considers the views of the writer and thinker V.F. Odoyevskiy, religious philosopher V.F. Ern and the revolutionary Marxist A.A. Bogdanov. According to the views of V.F. Odoevsky, the basis of a true worldview is the trinity of faith, knowledge and art. Such integrity also determines the socio-political ideal of the writer. According to V.F. Ern, the whole becomes the whole only on the assumption that it is beyond the borders of our world, beyond death and it is a noumenal Being. Cognizing it, humanity can only build a new socio-political ideal. A.A. Bogdanov has come to the conclusion that the task of a genuine political project facing the future is to give an integral concept of man, as well as the science of holistic knowledge — tektology, and then the harmonious development of a new united humanity will begin. The theoretical and practical significance of the article lies in the fact that in the era of social upheaval and the dominance of postmodernism, the idea of wholeness becomes again very relevant because without it any social-political and historical design is impossible.

scholarly journals Strategic possibilities of IT-outsourcing in the organizations activities in the context of globalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Irina Androsova ◽  
Elena Simonenko
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Market ◽  
It Outsourcing ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Support Functions ◽  
Business Partners ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Outsourcing Strategies

Research background: Today, modern enterprises are faced with a number of problems, using of outsourcing will contribute to the effective solution, the main advantage of which is the concentration of all efforts on the implementation of core activities without compromising support functions and processes. A special role during the digitization of the economy becomes the development and maintenance of information organization’s management infrastructure based on an IT outsourcing. In modern conditions of environmental changes occur quickly enough, so the use of IT outsourcing creates technological conditions for more active network of cooperation with business partners that could be the basis for the development of organizational competitiveness. Purpose of the article: The purpose of the article is to identify the main areas of opportunities and possibilities of IT outsourcing in business in the digital economy. Methods: To write this article we used general scientific research methods, and methods of economic analysis. Findings & Value added: During the study, reviewed the concept of IT outsourcing and the possibility of its integration into the organization’s management system. Features of this integration are in the competencies formation which are absent in the sponsoring agency. The article studied IT outsourcing in the global market. The results of the analysis revealed the market leaders, and the most popular outsourcing strategies in a changing IT environment. The identified strategic possibilities of IT outsourcing in the activities of organizations provides for its development in further scientific research.

scholarly journals Training Future Pharmacists for Professional Activity in the Process of Studying the Chemical Disciplines Block in the System of College and Medical Academy

2020 ◽  
pp. 270-284
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Romanyshyna ◽  
Mykola Lukaschuk
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Information Support ◽  
General Definition ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Medical Academy

The article reveals the essence of the concepts of «professional activity» and «training for professional activity» and approaches to their interpretation in modern scientific research. The general definition of «professional activity» is given; we define this notion in our study as a systematic human activity of a specialist in a particular field, who has special training, definite responsibilities and professional tasks should be performed to meet its own needs and to develop a socially significant product, or to provide high quality services. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the importance of students-pharmacists training for future professional activity during the study of the block of chemical disciplines at all stages of degree education in the system of college and medical academy. The authors` understanding of approaches in training for professional activity in the system of college and medical academy is shown; the professional activity is developed by the formation of chemical competence due to organization of chemical disciplines trainings which as much as possible model real industrial situations for a worker of pharmaceutical branch. The article presents some results of an anonymous questionnaire about organization of the chemical disciplines block distance learning in the educational platform «Moodle», they confirm the key role of a teacher in the educational process and recognize the prerogative of live communication over the virtual one. A number of measures have been identified to help to train future pharmacists for their professional activities, they include: adjusting the curriculum, adding professional topics to the curricula of chemical disciplines, adding a lot of laboratory and practical work lessons that simulate the professional activity of a pharmaceutical worker, expanding the base of tasks and situational tasks, coordination of the system of interdisciplinary relations, creation of information support didactic complex for the block of chemical disciplines training. There is emphasized the special role of information and communication technologies in the chemical disciplines block teaching while the pharmacists training for a professional activity. The directions of further researches are defined; they are directed on studying approaches to the organization and functioning of the home chemical laboratory which could be in use of talented students and its influence on a level of educational achievements in the chemical disciplines block learning, the formation of the future pharmaceutical branch workers professional identity and approaches to their choice of individual educational trajectories. The study used data from psychological and pedagogical sources and from scientific research. The comparative method of analysis is applied.

scholarly journals REPRESENTATION OF NATIONALISM: STRUCTURE, CONTENT, CRITICISM

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-110
Author(s):  
K.G. Maltsev ◽  
◽  
A.L. Alaverdyan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
The Political ◽  
National Politics ◽  
Civic Association ◽  
Philosophical Interpretation ◽  
Economic Paradigm ◽  
Building Process

Nationalism determines modernity — L. Grinfeld’s thesis at the very beginning of the 90s of the twentieth century (repeating the judgment of E. Keduri in the early 60s), unexpectedly for liberal social science, immediately acquired political relevance. The purpose of the article is to identify the reasons for this «surprise»: the representation of the nation in the economic paradigm of the political (D. Agamben’s term) as a civic association of freely self-determining autonomous individuals-citizens excludes the possibility of national conflicts, the reality of which is obvious. Objective scientific research within the disciplinary structure of modern science has as a given object of research in the representation: thus, a philosophical interpretation becomes necessary as a method of criticizing the representation of the nation and the national in the economic paradigm. It has been established that the representation of a nation is normatively and value-wise conditioned by the foundations of «liberal metaphysics»; it is necessary to distinguish between «civil» and «ethnic» nationalisms, which does not have «empirical foundations» (R. Brubaker); attribution to value as a way of constructing an ideal-typical concept of nationalism presupposes the need for an assessment conditioned by the way nationalism is presented; the moral and political disqualification of «ethnic nationalism» as an invalid «remnant» (V. Pareto) is thus «built in» into scientific research, which is at the same time an ideological instrument and a political program. The philosophical interpretation of the meaning of the representation of nationalism in liberal social science, external in relation to the dominant paradigm of the political, provides scientific novelty and leads to the conclusion: a «civil nation» is valid as a political project that presupposes a «historiographic recalculation of the past» (M. Heidegger), retrospectively placing the beginning of nationalism in past. In the course of the presentation, the practical significance of the conclusion is clarified: the theory of the «civilized nation» presupposes drawing a border between «civilized» and — «cultural» and «natural» nationalisms as political enemies that must be removed: drawing the line between «civil» and «ethnic» nationalisms has both scientific and political significance; These circumstances contribute to the understanding of the meaning and the assigned goal of the nation-building process and the practice of national politics.

scholarly journals УНІВЕРСАЛЬНІСТЬ ОРНАМЕНТАЛЬНО-ГРАФІЧНОЇ МОВИ СУЧАСНОЇ ВИТИНАНКИ

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-110
Author(s):  
Ю. О. Стульнікова
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Graphic Art ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Graphical Language ◽  
Art Works ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Definition Of

To trace and ascertain the versatility of ornamental graphical language as one of the main peculiarities of contemporary paper-cutting (vytynanka). To identify the features and characteristics of the ornamental graphical language, to form a definition for the notion of paper-cutting art. Methodology. In the process of research, the author used such general scientific methods as: analysis, synthesis, systematization. The comparative method and the method of visual stylistic analysis were also applied. Results. The author has compared and analyzed the replicas of original art works; the former are reproduced in varying materials. The notion of ornamental graphical language of contemporary paper-cutting (vytynanka) has been researched, its general features and characteristics have been defined, and the definition has been formed. Based on the research result, it is suggested to introduce a range of changes to the notion of "vytynanka" regarding the characteristics of materials and techniques used. The main directions of paper-cutting art have been out lined: traditional and contemporary vytynanka. Attention has been paid to the importance of making a distinction between the contemporary vytynanka and graphic art, which is possible only through the analysis of their ornamental graphical anguage. Scientific novelty. The definition of "paper-cutting (vytynanka)", dentification of its main characteristics as the basis for a new classification, the reference of paper graphics (machine paper-cutting) into a separate group. Practical significance. Ornamental graphical language is presented in the study as one of the main characteristics of vytynanka, which should become the basis for a new classification of paper-cutting art works. The research results can be used for further artistic search of signature style at the boundary of different art forms. Exhibiting a certain group of professional paper-cutting art works as examples of graphic art has been justified.

scholarly journals Mechanism for protecting the property interests of organizations in the alcohol processing industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (13) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Kovalenko ◽  
A. Svetlakov
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Food Market ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The research is aimed at identifying and evaluating modern tools for protecting the property interests of organizations in the alcohol processing industry. Methods. The following research methods were used in the work: analysis, synthesis, systemic, structural, functional method, statistical, mathematical methods, as well as methods for definition of a concept, classification and comparative method. Results and practical significance. The author defines the concept of “institutions for the protection of property interests of producers of alcoholic products” as a set of mutually binding and limiting subjects of the agri-food market of alcoholic products norms and rules. Free disposal, effective use and interest in the preservation of property determine the purpose of the emergence and development of institutions for the protection of property interests. The acquisition of agricultural raw materials, the process of their processing and the creation of a finished product, as well as its implementation are components of the effective implementation of property interests. The structure of protection institutions is defined, which includes market participants (economic agents), formal and informal norms and rules of their interaction. Such areas of protection for the effective implementation of property interests as physical protection, economic protection and protection of information and legally protected data are highlighted. Specific measures to protect property interests in each direction at all stages of the protection mechanisms are defined. Phenomena that have a General impact on the protection of property interests include criminal threats, accidental circumstances and unintentional innocent actions, uncontrolled phenomena, the effectiveness of process management and risk management, the use of business intelligence, and the impact of economic crisis phenomena. The special role of integration and Association of agri-food market participants in terms of protecting the property interests of small and medium-sized businesses is defined.

scholarly journals СУЧАСНИЙ ГРАФІЧНИЙ ДИЗАЙН: СПЕЦИФІКА ІНТЕГРАЛЬНОЇ ПРИРОДИ ТВОРЧОСТІ

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Є. П. Гула
Keyword(s):  
Graphic Design ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Graphic Art ◽  
Artistic Activity ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Methods Analytical

Purpose.  To  study  the  features  and peculiarities of defining the main definitions of the concept of graphic design, to define the scope of application of various types of graphic art as a design object. Methodology.  General  scientific  research methods,  analytical,  typological,  semantic and  comparative  analysis  –  for  the terminological  definition  of  the  conceptual apparatus  of  graphic  design  and  the definition  of  its  theoretical  and  art applications. Results.  Based  on  the analysis  of  scientific sources  on  modern  foreign  and  Ukrainian graphic  design,  generalized  aspects  of interpretation  of  the  concept  of  graphic design,  evaluated  its  historical  origins  in Ukraine.  The  issue  of  differentiation  of graphic  design  and  many  areas  of  graphic design as a type of artistic activity has been updated. The  scientific  novelty  consists  in identifying  trends  in  the  transition  of  the terminological  apparatus  of  industrial design  to  the  sphere  of  graphic  design.  It has  been  established  that  the  synthetic creative  nature  of  graphic  design  provides for  creative  activity  on  the  use  of  modern means  of  information  transfer  in combination  with  the  traditions  of  graphic art of Ukraine. Practical  significance.  Modern  scientific definitions  of  graphic  design  have  been summarised.  It  has  been  determined  that the  synthetic  creative  nature  of  graphic design provides for creative activity on the use  of  modern  means  of  infrmation transmission  in  combination  with  the traditions  of  graphic  art  of  Ukraine.  The results  can  be  used  in  teaching  graphic design,  project  graphics  and  other  graphic disciplines.

Scientific research in the field of land relations: evolution of development and development prospects

Ekonomika APK ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 322 (8) ◽  
pp. 18-30
Author(s):  
Olha Khodakivska
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Land Policy ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Scientific Support ◽  
Land Relations ◽  
General Scientific

The purpose of the article is to highlight the evolution of scientific research in land relations and outline the prospects for their development in the context of the 65-year activity of the National Scientific Centre "Institute of Agrarian Economics". Research methods. The research was based on general scientific and economic research methods, scientific works of Ukrainian scientists on the formation of land relations, their regulation, the implementation of scientific support, and archival materials. Historical and abstract-logical approaches have made it possible to single out the most significant stages in the development of land issues during the last sixty years and characterize the peculiarities of their scientific support, outline prospects for further development, and formulate appropriate conclusions and recommendations. Research results. The evolution of scientific research of land relations, the formation of which took place on the basis of the National Scientific Centre "Institute of Agrarian Economics", is described. The key areas of scientific research on rational land use, land management, economic valuation of land, etc., which were assigned a key role in scientific research at different periods of time, are highlighted. The contribution of researchers to the solution of these issues is disclosed. The prospects for the development of land relations are outlined and an algorithm of actions for the implementation of the final stage of land reform is proposed. Scientific novelty. A retrospective-evolutionary review of the formation and development of land relations in Ukraine during the last sixty years has been carried out. The essential stages have been singled out, and the peculiarities of their scientific support have been characterized. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in the formation, revision and improvement of modern land policy. Figs.: 2. Refs.: 32.

scholarly journals Some Issues of Carrying out of Inter-Disciplinary Research and the Improvement of the Range of Scientific Majors

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Nikolay A. Dukhno ◽  
◽  
Viktor M. Koryakin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Interdisciplinary Education ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Functional Methods ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The One

The purpose is to substantiate proposals for finalizing the draft of a new nomenclature of scientific specialties in the direction of creating conditions for conducting complex, interdisciplinary legal research within its framework. In this paper, the authors clarify the content of the concepts “interdisciplinarity” and “complexity” in relation to legal research; critically analyze the current nomenclature of scientific specialties; identify problems of regulatory regulation of the list of scientific specialties in the draft of the new nomenclature prepared by the working group of the Ministry of education and science of Russia; formulation of proposals for improving this project. Methodology: system and structural-functional methods; analysis and synthesis; comparative method; normative-logical and hermeneutical methods. Conclusions. Two trends in the development of legal science have been identified: on the one hand, there is an integrativity aimed at merging, interpenetrating, combining branches and areas of scientific research into complex, interdisciplinary education; on the other hand, differentiation and specialization of scientific areas continue, and the emergence of new areas of scientific research. Some shortcomings of the current nomenclature of scientific specialties for which degrees are awarded are shown. Scientific and practical significance. It is shown that the current nomenclature does not fully allow applicants for academic degrees to conduct comprehensive interdisciplinary research in the field of jurisprudence. The article substantiates proposals for improving the nomenclature of scientific specialties by adding the section “complex legal Sciences” to it.

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