scholarly journals Risco para lesão por fricção em idosos longevos na atenção primária à saúde

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Tristão ◽  
Juliana Girondi ◽  
Karina Hammerschmidt ◽  
Cilene Soares ◽  
Tatiana Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Contingency Coefficient ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender

Objective: To identify the risks for the development of friction injury (FI) in long-lived elderly in primary health care. Methods: Descriptive research of quantitative approach. Participants were 42 elderly aged 80 years or more. Conducted structured interview and applied form. Simple descriptive analysis was realized by means of the absolute and relative frequency of the variables. Verified the level of significance between the most frequent clinical factors and sociodemographic factors: age, ethnicity and gender, using the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. The contingency coefficient was performed with the parameters: c ≥ 0.750 = strong association; 0.500 to 0.749 = moderate association; ≤ 0.499 = weak association. Results: Age ranged from 80 to 100 years, prevailing between 80 and 85 years (59.5%), 28 (66.7%) women, 38 (90.5%) white and 30 (71.4%) with incomplete first degree. In 41 elderly patients (97.6%), there were dermatological alterations related to the risk for FI (dry skin, senile blemish, ecchymosis and edema). Age was the demographic factor with the highest association with clinical findings (p = 0.0397). Conclusion: Faced with these findings, it becomes imperative that nurses be equipped with scientific knowledge, which allow them to propose care capable of controlling the risk factors for FI development.

scholarly journals Quality Label as the Guarantee of Top Quality Agricultural and Food Products Produced in Slovak Republic – a Case Study of Slovak Food Market

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 1937-1950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrida Košičiarová ◽  
Ľudmila Nagyová ◽  
Mária Holienčinová ◽  
Jana Rybanská
Keyword(s):  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Quality Label ◽  
National Quality ◽  
Contingency Coefficient ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
High Level

The aim of the present paper was to determine the Slovak consumer’s opinion about the purchase and quality level of agricultural and food products produced in the Slovak Republic, as well as to determine their knowledge and preference of the National Quality Label “Značka kvality SK”. As research methods, there have been used the methods of survey and structured questionnaire consisting of 22 questions. The total number of respondents was 2.808 randomly selected respondents from all over the Slovak Republic. For a deeper analysis of the obtained results, there have been set out nine hypothesis, which have been tested with the use of Pearson’s chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, Mann-Whitney U-Test and Cramer’s contingency coefficient. The results of the present paper show, that the knowledge and preference of higher quality food is between Slovak consumers on a pretty high level – more than 44 % respondents think that they buy higher quality products, more than 49 % of respondents think that the agricultural and food products produced in Slovak Republic are rather higher and higher quality, more than 58 % of respondents know the Quality Label “Značka kvality SK”, over 56 % of respondents could describe its logo, more than 60 % of them could spontaneously name five brands, respectively products labelled with this Quality Label and almost 50 % of respondents buy also the ecological products.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Allergic Rhinitis in Children with Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy Referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital of Ahvaz from 2019 to 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soheila Nikakhlagh ◽  
Shohreh Norouzi ◽  
Nader Saki ◽  
Mohammad Bagher Bakhshipour
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Age Range

Background: Allergic diseases are among the most common chronic conditions in pediatrics. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the relative frequency of allergic rhinitis (AR) in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Methods: In this descriptive study, 175 patients with adenotonsillar hypertrophy referred to the Imam Khomeini hospital of Ahvaz from March 2019 to March 2020 were enrolled. Allergic rhinitis was diagnosed based on the Score for AR (SFAR) questionnaire. The questionnaire, including the expert-designed SFAR, has eight main components that evaluate eight quantitative features of AR, and each was designated with a specific weighted score based on previous clinical studies. The total score could vary from 0 to 16. Frequency and percentage were used to describe the data. The chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to analyze the data. Results: One hundred seventy-five patients with adenotonsillar hypertrophy in the age range of 1 to 17 years were studied. Ninety-one patients (52%) were male, and 84 patients (48%) were female. Based on the score obtained from the questionnaire, 146 patients (83.4%) had a score of less than seven, indicating susceptibility to AR. Twenty-nine patients (16.6%) had a score equal to or higher than 7, confirming the diagnosis of AR. The Chi-square test showed that AR was significantly associated with all the components of the questionnaire, except for cigarette smoking (P-value < 0.001). Conclusions: This study showed the strong association of AR with some demographic factors. Allergic rhinitis could potentially increase the risk of adenotonsillar hypertrophy in children.

scholarly journals Prescription pattern in public specialized dental care centers in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e554101220732
Author(s):  
Gabriela Luiza Hochscheidt ◽  
Mateus Müller da Silva ◽  
Maria Beatriz Cardoso Ferreira ◽  
Alexandre Silva de Quevedo ◽  
Deise Ponzoni
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Dosage Regimen ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Rational Drug ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender

The aim of this study was to evaluate the most common drugs prescribed by dentists and the indicators related to rational drug use. A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in which 189 interviews were carried out from August 2015 to June 2016 with patients who received drug prescriptions at specialized dental care centers in a city in southern Brazil. A specific data sheet was used, with questions regarding: age and gender of the patient, dental specialty in which the care occurred, and prescription drugs and their respective dosage regimen. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test (p <0.05). From the total of interviews, it was observed that 92.1% of patients received written medication prescriptions. Of these prescriptions, 38.5% had some type of antibiotic for systemic use. Acetaminophen was the most prescribed drug (33.4%), followed by amoxicillin (19.7%). The mean number of medications per prescription was 1.75, and 17.4% of the prescriptions did not indicate the dosage regimen. Our findings indicate a high incidence of prescribed antibiotics and non-compliance with regulatory agency guidance in prescriptions at the centers evaluated.

scholarly journals Students’ Perception on Government Policy of Routine HIV Testing: A Case of University of Zambia Ridgeway Campus

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chibochi Kaminsa ◽  
Chirwa Simon ◽  
Kalembwe Vincent ◽  
Mukomenji Celestine ◽  
Martha Mbewe Mwelwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Good Policy ◽  
Routine Hiv Testing ◽  
Voluntary Counselling And Testing ◽  
Design And Methods

Background HIV Routine testing to all hospital attendants offers testing to all patients irrespective of their presenting illness even if it has nothing to do with HIV. This approach differs from voluntary counselling and testing, which is client-initiated. Adolescents and young adults especially those in colleges are a sexually active group of people which makes them prone to HIV infection. Therefore, there was need to conduct this study to determine the perception of students on routine HIV testing at the University of Zambia (Ridgeway campus) to determine their attitude towards HIV testing. Design and Methods A cross sectional quantitative study was conducted at UNZARidgeway hostels using stratified random sampling to select study participants which included all males and females who were on campus. A semi-structured interview questionnaire was applied to collect data which was analyzed using SPSS version 23software. A Chi-square test was applied for descriptive analysis and results were presented in tables and charts. Results Majority indicated that routine HIV testing was a good policy and supported it; though surprisingly 94% of the students were knowledgeable about routine HIV testing and yet their knowledge did not affect their perception of the policy. However, their experiences, expectations and beliefs affected students’ perception on routine HIV testing. Conclusion Health practitioners should have positive attitude and good work culture in order to uphold students’ positive perception so as to encourage a culture of HIV testing and is free from stigma.

scholarly journals THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE USE OF ALCOHOL, MARIJUANA AND COCAINE AND THE SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS OF RIBEIRÃO PRETO, BRAZIL

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (spe) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Guidorizzi Zanetti ◽  
Francisco Cumsille ◽  
Robert Mann
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test

ABSTRACT Objective: to determine the prevalence of use in life and in the last three months of alcohol, marijuana and cocaine among university students from the social and health Sciences areas of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil and to evaluate the association between use in life and in the last three months of alcohol, marijuana and cocaine and the variables gender, area of the course, with whom the student lives, importance of religion, age and year of study. Method: a cross-sectional study, carried out with a convenience sample of 275 students from a public university in Ribeirão Preto-SP. For data collection, two instruments were used, containing sociodemographic, training and psychoactive substances. For the analysis, the following tests were used: Fisher's exact test, Chi-square test of Person and Mann-Whitney test. Results: As for sociodemographic factors, there was a significant association between the gender of the participants among the use of marijuana and cocaine in life (p=0.024 and p=0.005, respectively) and the last three months (p=0.013 and p=0.009, respectively), among the importance of religion and the lifetime use of alcohol, marijuana and cocaine (p <0.001, p <0.001 and p = 0.024, respectively) and the use of only marijuana in the last three months (p <0.001) and among the use of marijuana in the last three months and the year of graduation (p=0.003). Regarding age, the results showed a significant difference only between the groups that reported not to use alcohol in life (p=0.037). Conclusion: the investigated university students presented a prevalence of use in their lifetime and in the last three months of marijuana and cocaine greater among men, but not for alcohol. The importance of religion was negatively associated with the use of investigated drugs. The results can provide important subsidies for the structuring of preventive measures for abuse of psychoactive substances between university students and the need for new investigations that cover the subject.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with the decision time for seeking care in acute myocardial infarction

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1248-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Carneiro Mussi ◽  
Mariana de Almeida Moraes Gibaut ◽  
Carla Almeida Damasceno ◽  
Andreia Santos Mendes ◽  
Armênio Costa Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Decision Time ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Decision Times

OBJECTIVE: this study aimed to analyze the interaction of gender in the association between decision time for seeking healthcare services and the sociodemographic and clinical variables. METHOD: this exploratory, cross-sectional study was performed with 100 individuals interviewed in hospitals in Salvador, Bahia. The chi-square test or Fisher's exact test and the robust linear regression model were used in the analysis. A statistical significance of 5% was adopted. RESULTS: men and women presented long decision times. The decision time was less for smokers and those with constant and/or severe pain. There was an interaction between gender and smoking and between gender and pain radiating to the neck or jaw for the decision time outcome. CONCLUSION: decision times were long and were influenced by clinical and gender variables. The study provides support for nursing care practices focused on the specificity of these factors and of the genders aiming to reduce the decision time.

scholarly journals Exclusive breastfeeding practices reported by mothers and the introduction of additional liquids

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Marcuz de Souza Campos ◽  
Camila de Oliveira Chaoul ◽  
Elenice Valentim Carmona ◽  
Rosângela Higa ◽  
Ianê Nogueira do Vale
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
Chi Square Test

Aim: To assess the concept of exclusive breastfeeding held by nursing women by comparing the period they consider that they perform it and the infants' age at the introduction of additional liquids. METHOD: Cross-sectional descriptive study conducted with 309 women who delivered babies at a university hospital in the interior of São Paulo, Brazil. The data were subjected to descriptive analysis; the variables of interest were crossed using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test, the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: Approximately 30% of the women reported having introduced additional liquids before the infants reached aged six months old, while asserting that they were performing exclusive breastfeeding. The following variables were associated with early introduction of liquids: lack of employment (p = 0.0386), younger maternal age (p = 0.0159) and first pregnancy (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: The concept of exclusive breastfeeding might not be fully clear to women, as they seem to believe that it means not to feed the children other types of milk but that giving other liquids is allowed. These results show that promotion of breastfeeding should take beliefs and values into consideration to achieve effective dialogue and understanding with mothers.

scholarly journals Types of Neurosurgical Patients Requiring Tracheostomy- Institution Based Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
Jagat Narayan Rajbanshi ◽  
Arbindra Kumar Yadav ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Thapa ◽  
Karuna Tamrakar Karki
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Neurosurgical Patients ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Common ◽  
And Gender

 Background and purpose: Tracheostomy is common surgical procedure among neurosurgical patients who are ventilater dependent for prolonged period of time in neuro ICU. With the objective to analyzed various type of neurosurgical patients requiring tracheostomy this study was performed. Material and method: This is a Crossectional , Analytical stydt with Non probability consecutive sampling over the duration of 2 years. Association between age vs categories of different pathologies and Gender is categories of different neurological pathologies were analysed using Chi square test/fishers exact test wherever applicable using SPSS20.  Result: There were total of 85 patients who underwent tracheostomy for various types of pathologies in our institute over the duration of two years. Mean age of patients who undergone tracheostomy was 45.26 ( SD 18.9) years and they ranged between 8 and 86 years. Among all these categories head injuries accounted for 45% of cases followed by ICH (28%).  Conclusion: Head Injury and intracerebral hemorrhage seems to be the common pathology requiring tracheostomy in tertiary neurosurgical centre. Young and male patients are more predominant in this study.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Attitudes about Green Consumption in Bulgaria

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borislava Stoimenova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Environmental Knowledge ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Green Consumption ◽  
Depth Of Knowledge ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender

Abstract This paper examines the environmental knowledge of the Bulgarians and its relationship with the environmental concern and the predisposition to compromise as two commonly studied attitudes towards green consumption. A quota sample (quotas for age and gender) of 2018 adults from all the regions in Bulgaria is used. The research tool for face-to-face interviews and online surveys is a structured interview. Descriptive statistics, hypothesis tests for difference of means between two independent samples, the correlation analysis (chi-square test for independence) and the cluster analysis (Kmeans cluster) are the methods applied for the analysis. The results indicate that the Bulgarians are moderately knowledgeable about the environmental problems and the depth of knowledge is moderate as well. The environmental knowledge differs between different demographic groups: the better educated, younger, those living in the cities and wealthier people have better self-reported knowledge about the environmental problems. A large proportion of the adults do not consider themselves informed about the environmental problems and among those who do, the people who find themselves generally informed are majorities. The environmental knowledge positively affects both the environmental concern and the predisposition for green consumption.

scholarly journals Attachment of Maxillary Labial Frenum in Nepalese Children

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-31
Author(s):  
Sumita Upadhyay ◽  
Neeta Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Nepalese Children ◽  
And Gender

Objective: To determine the various types of maxillary labial frenum attachment in Nepalese children. Materials & Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a total of 198 children of age ranging from 1 to 14 years who visited Dental Department of Dhulikhel hospital for routine dental treatment. Types of maxillary labial frenum attachment was recorded along with age and gender. Children were divided into two groups; age 1-7 and 8-14 years. Descriptive analysis was carried out to determine the frequency of frenum types. The relation of frenum with gender and frenum types between two groups were calculated using chi square test. Results: The most common type was gingival attachment {61.1%) and the least common was papillary penetrating type of frenum attachment {8.1%). There was no significant difference in the frenum attachment between the two genders. Mucosal and gingival attachment was significantly higher in older age group whereas papillary and papillary penetrating was higher in younger age group. Conclusion: Attachment of frenum in children changes according to age.

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