scholarly journals Types of Neurosurgical Patients Requiring Tracheostomy- Institution Based Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
Jagat Narayan Rajbanshi ◽  
Arbindra Kumar Yadav ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Thapa ◽  
Karuna Tamrakar Karki
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Neurosurgical Patients ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Common ◽  
And Gender

 Background and purpose: Tracheostomy is common surgical procedure among neurosurgical patients who are ventilater dependent for prolonged period of time in neuro ICU. With the objective to analyzed various type of neurosurgical patients requiring tracheostomy this study was performed. Material and method: This is a Crossectional , Analytical stydt with Non probability consecutive sampling over the duration of 2 years. Association between age vs categories of different pathologies and Gender is categories of different neurological pathologies were analysed using Chi square test/fishers exact test wherever applicable using SPSS20.  Result: There were total of 85 patients who underwent tracheostomy for various types of pathologies in our institute over the duration of two years. Mean age of patients who undergone tracheostomy was 45.26 ( SD 18.9) years and they ranged between 8 and 86 years. Among all these categories head injuries accounted for 45% of cases followed by ICH (28%).  Conclusion: Head Injury and intracerebral hemorrhage seems to be the common pathology requiring tracheostomy in tertiary neurosurgical centre. Young and male patients are more predominant in this study.

scholarly journals Prescription pattern in public specialized dental care centers in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e554101220732
Author(s):  
Gabriela Luiza Hochscheidt ◽  
Mateus Müller da Silva ◽  
Maria Beatriz Cardoso Ferreira ◽  
Alexandre Silva de Quevedo ◽  
Deise Ponzoni
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Dosage Regimen ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Rational Drug ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender

The aim of this study was to evaluate the most common drugs prescribed by dentists and the indicators related to rational drug use. A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in which 189 interviews were carried out from August 2015 to June 2016 with patients who received drug prescriptions at specialized dental care centers in a city in southern Brazil. A specific data sheet was used, with questions regarding: age and gender of the patient, dental specialty in which the care occurred, and prescription drugs and their respective dosage regimen. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test (p <0.05). From the total of interviews, it was observed that 92.1% of patients received written medication prescriptions. Of these prescriptions, 38.5% had some type of antibiotic for systemic use. Acetaminophen was the most prescribed drug (33.4%), followed by amoxicillin (19.7%). The mean number of medications per prescription was 1.75, and 17.4% of the prescriptions did not indicate the dosage regimen. Our findings indicate a high incidence of prescribed antibiotics and non-compliance with regulatory agency guidance in prescriptions at the centers evaluated.

scholarly journals FAKTOR- FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PENURUNAN NAFSU MAKAN PADA PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK YANG MENJALANI TERAPI HEMODIALISIS (Studi Kasus di RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Umi Faza ◽  
Dyah Umiyarni Purnamasari ◽  
Saryono Yono
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Abstract  The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with diminished appetite in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis therapy. This study is an observational analytic research with cross sectional design. Population of this study was CKD outpatients undergoing hemodialysis therapy in July- August 2016 in Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Hospitals. Amount of 58 subjects taken by consecutive sampling. Appetite, sex, age, length of hemodialysis, frequency of nausea/vomiting, and depression were measured using questionnaire. Subjects who diminished appetite were 58,6%. More than half subjects were male (56,9%). Amount of 84,5% subjects were adults (19-59 years), 63,8% undergoing hemodialysis >1year, 39,7% experienced nausea/ vomiting and 53,4% were depression. Based on Chi-Square Test/ Fisher Exact Test, diminished appetite significantly associated with length of hemodialysis (p=0,041), frequency of nausea/vomiting (p=0,014), and depression (p=0,002). Dominant factors affected diminished appetite were depression and length of hemodialysis. Diminished appetite in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis therapy associated with length of hemodialysis, frequency of nausea/vomit, and depression. Keyword : appetite, chronic kidney disease, hemodialysi  Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor- faktor yang berhubungan dengan penurunan nafsu makan pada pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik (GGK) yang menjalani terapi hemodialisis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah pasien GGK rawat jalan yang menjalani terapi hemodialisis pada bulan Juli- Agustus 2016 di RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto. Sebanyak 58 subjek diambil dengan cara consecutive sampling. Nafsu makan, jenis kelamin, usia, lama hemodialisis, frekuensi mual/muntah, dan depresi diukur menggunakan kuesioner. Responden yang mengalami penurunan nafsu makan sebanyak 58,6%. Lebih dari separuh responden (56,9%) berjenis kelamin laki- laki dan 84,5% responden berusia dewasa (19-59 tahun). Sebanyak 63,8% responden menjalani hemodialisis >1tahun. Responden yang mengalami mual/muntah berat sebanyak 39,7% dan 53,4% mengalami depresi. Berdasarkan analisis bivariat menggunakan Uji Chi- Square/ Fisher Exact diperoleh hasil bahwa nafsu makan berhubungan secara signifikan dengan lama hemodialisis (p=0,041), frekuensi mual/ muntah (p=0,014), dan depresi (p=0,002). Faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi penurunan nafsu makan adalah depresi dan lama hemodialisis. Penurunan nafsu makan pada pasien GGK yang menjalani terapi hemodialisis berhubungan dengan lama hemodialisis, frekuensi mual/muntah, dan depresi. Kata kunci : gagal ginjal, hemodialisa, nafsu makan  

scholarly journals Sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with the decision time for seeking care in acute myocardial infarction

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1248-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Carneiro Mussi ◽  
Mariana de Almeida Moraes Gibaut ◽  
Carla Almeida Damasceno ◽  
Andreia Santos Mendes ◽  
Armênio Costa Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Decision Time ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Decision Times

OBJECTIVE: this study aimed to analyze the interaction of gender in the association between decision time for seeking healthcare services and the sociodemographic and clinical variables. METHOD: this exploratory, cross-sectional study was performed with 100 individuals interviewed in hospitals in Salvador, Bahia. The chi-square test or Fisher's exact test and the robust linear regression model were used in the analysis. A statistical significance of 5% was adopted. RESULTS: men and women presented long decision times. The decision time was less for smokers and those with constant and/or severe pain. There was an interaction between gender and smoking and between gender and pain radiating to the neck or jaw for the decision time outcome. CONCLUSION: decision times were long and were influenced by clinical and gender variables. The study provides support for nursing care practices focused on the specificity of these factors and of the genders aiming to reduce the decision time.

scholarly journals Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Epilepsi pada Anak Palsi Serebral

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
M Luthfi Suhaimi ◽  
Iskandar Syarif ◽  
Eva Chundrayetti ◽  
Rahmi Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test

Pada anak yang menderita palsi serebral kemungkinan akan mengalami peningkatan risiko terjadinya epilepsy. Setiap perubahan pada otak dapat menjadi faktor risiko terjadinya epilepsi dengan berbagai manifestasi klinis. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara faktor risiko dengan terjadinya epilepsi pada anak palsi serebral di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Metode: Desain peneltian ini adalah cross-sectional study yang dilaksanakan pada Agustus 2018 sampai Desember 2019. Subjek palsi serebral diperoleh secara consecutive sampling, dengan jumlah minimal 60 subjek. Faktor risiko yang diteliti meliputi asfiksia, persalinan vakum ekstraksi, berat badan lahir rendah, prematuritas dan kejang neonatal. Uji statistik menggunakan Chi-square test dan Fisher’s exact test, dengan batas kemaknaan p<0,05. Hasil: Pada 60 pasien palsi serebral, ditemukan 39 pasien (65%) menderita epilepsi dan 21 pasien (35%) tidak menderita epilepsi. Perbandingan jenis kelamin perempuan dan laki-laki 1,2:1. Epilepsi umum merupakan tipe epilepsi yang paling banyak ditemukan (76,9%), pengobatan secara politerapi hampir sama banyak dengan monoterapi. Asfiksia, persalinan vakum ekstraksi, berat badan lahir rendah, prematuritas dan kejang neonatal tidak bermakna sebagai faktor risiko epilepsi pada anak palsi serebral. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara asfiksia, persalinan vakum ekstraksi, berat badan lahir rendah, prematuritas dan kejang neonatal dengan terjadinya epilepsi pada anak palsi serebral.Kata kunci: cerebral palsy, epilepsy, risk factors

scholarly journals Full Outline of Unresponsiveness Score and Brainstem Sign Score Application to Predict Mortality of Patients with Severe Head Injuries at Gambiran Public Hospital of Kediri

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-431
Author(s):  
Christina Dewi Prasetyowati
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Injury Patient ◽  
Four Score

There are many factors and variables that influence the prognosis in patients with severe head injuries make determining the prognosis for patients with severe head injuries become difficult. There are two parameters that can predict the prognosis of severe head injury patients with optimal full outline of unresponsiveness score (FOUR score) and brainstem sign score (BSS). FOUR scores can provide a wealth of information about the scale of neurological signs that are quick and easy used for unconcious patients. BSS is an assessment to predict the death of a person permanently to determine whether there is a physiological function that is not function normally. The aimed of this study was to determine ratio of FOUR score and BSS in determining the prognosis of patients with severe head injury at RSUD Gambiran Kediri. The type of study was cross sectional approach. The sampling technique used consecutive sampling technique and obtained a sample of 60 people. The data was analyzed by using chi-square test for comparison of FOUR score and BSS in determining the prognosis of severe head injury patient at RSUD Gambiran Kediri. Based on the results of study by chi-square test showed that p FOUR score = p BSS = 0,004, which meant the FOUR score and BSS was determined the prognosis of patients with severe traumatic head injury at RSUD Gambiran Kediri. The study showed that there was no difference between the FOUR score and BSS in determining the prognosis of severe head injury patient at RSUD Gambiran Kediri but FOUR score could be used in incubated or ventilated patients. Based on the results of this study, it is advisable to use scoring method more easily and according to the condition of the patient is with the installed ventilator or non ventilator.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Fentanyl in Facilitating Cannulation of Ampulla of Vater during Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-757
Author(s):  
Ashis Pun ◽  
Amit Dhungana ◽  
Jewan Pariyar ◽  
Hari Prasad Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography ◽  
Ampulla Of Vater ◽  
P Value ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Moderate Sedation ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
And Gender

Background: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is carried out under moderate sedation mostly by use of propofol, opioids and benzodizepines. The aim of study is to assess difficulty in cannulation of ampulla of vater with the use of fentanyl.Methods: A prospective randomized double blind comparative study was conducted at Bharatpur Hospital from August 2019 to August 2020 among patients undergoing Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Total 100 patients were enrolled in study and were divided in two groups – Group P (propofol and midazolam) and Group FP (propofol, midazolam and fentanyl). Ease of cannulation was determined using Freeman scale. Independent sample t-test was used to compare mean between two groups and Chi Square test was used to compare categorical variables.Results: Mean age (51.36±17.750 years versus 56.74±16.995 years), weight (58.88±8.151 kg versus 57.32±8.431 kg) and gender distribution (14 versus 12 male patients and 36 versus 38 female patients) were comparable in both groups-Group P and Group FP. There were 34 patients in Group P and 37 patients in Group FP with easy cannulation and 16 patients in Group P and 13 patients in Group FP with difficult cannulation, which was comparable (p value=0.509) Conclusions: Cannulation of ampulla of vater is not affected by the use of fentanyl in combination with propofol when compared to propofol alone and can be routinely used during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.Keywords: Ampulla of vater; endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; fentanyl; propofol

scholarly journals Risco para lesão por fricção em idosos longevos na atenção primária à saúde

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Tristão ◽  
Juliana Girondi ◽  
Karina Hammerschmidt ◽  
Cilene Soares ◽  
Tatiana Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Contingency Coefficient ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender

Objective: To identify the risks for the development of friction injury (FI) in long-lived elderly in primary health care. Methods: Descriptive research of quantitative approach. Participants were 42 elderly aged 80 years or more. Conducted structured interview and applied form. Simple descriptive analysis was realized by means of the absolute and relative frequency of the variables. Verified the level of significance between the most frequent clinical factors and sociodemographic factors: age, ethnicity and gender, using the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. The contingency coefficient was performed with the parameters: c ≥ 0.750 = strong association; 0.500 to 0.749 = moderate association; ≤ 0.499 = weak association. Results: Age ranged from 80 to 100 years, prevailing between 80 and 85 years (59.5%), 28 (66.7%) women, 38 (90.5%) white and 30 (71.4%) with incomplete first degree. In 41 elderly patients (97.6%), there were dermatological alterations related to the risk for FI (dry skin, senile blemish, ecchymosis and edema). Age was the demographic factor with the highest association with clinical findings (p = 0.0397). Conclusion: Faced with these findings, it becomes imperative that nurses be equipped with scientific knowledge, which allow them to propose care capable of controlling the risk factors for FI development.

scholarly journals Ocurrence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in patients with periodontitis in Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla Zanini Kantorski ◽  
Ariana Soares Rodrigues ◽  
Gláucia Santos Zimmemann ◽  
Roberto Fraga Moreira Lotufo
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Oral Microbiology ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range

 The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in patients with periodontitis in Brazil and investigate whether there is a relationship between your occurrence and gender and age. Analysis was performed of 1,386 results of microbiological examinations of samples of subgingival microbiota in patients with periodontitis. Collection was performed by periodontists in private practice and processed by culture in clinical laboratory of oral microbiology. The chi-square test was used to verify the association of occurrence of P. gingivalis with gender and age. It was observed that 59% of examinations were of female patients and 41% were of male patients, most of which aged more than 40 years (64.3%). The occurrence of P. gingivalis was 17.8%. There was no significant difference in the presence of this bacterium in the different age ranges, yet there was a significantly higher occurrence in males. It was observed that, regardless of the age range, the occurrence of P. gingivalis was always significantly higher in males. It was concluded that the occurrence of P. gingivalis in patients with periodontitis in Brazil was 17.8% and was associated with gender, yet had no association with the age range.

scholarly journals Sport participation and related head injuries following craniosynostosis correction: a survey study

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. E15
Author(s):  
Aaron M. Yengo-Kahn ◽  
Oluwatoyin Akinnusotu ◽  
Alyssa L. Wiseman ◽  
Muhammad Owais Abdul Ghani ◽  
Chevis N. Shannon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Contact Sports ◽  
Surgeon Experience

OBJECTIVE Craniosynostosis (CS) affects about 1 in 2500 infants and is predominantly treated by surgical intervention in infancy. Later in childhood, many of these children wish to participate in sports. However, the safety of participation is largely anecdotal and based on surgeon experience. The objective of this survey study was to describe sport participation and sport-related head injury in CS patients. METHODS A 16-question survey related to child/parent demographics, CS surgery history, sport history, and sport-induced head injury history was made available to patients/parents in the United States through a series of synostosis organization listservs, as well as synostosis-focused Facebook groups, between October 2019 and June 2020. Sports were categorized based on the American Academy of Pediatrics groupings. Pearson’s chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and the independent-samples t-test were used in the analysis. RESULTS Overall, 187 CS patients were described as 63% male, 89% White, and 88% non-Hispanic, and 89% underwent surgery at 1 year or younger. The majority (74%) had participated in sports starting at an average age of 5 years (SD 2.2). Of those participating in sports, contact/collision sport participation was most common (77%), and 71% participated in multiple sports. Those that played sports were less frequently Hispanic (2.2% vs 22.9%, p < 0.001) and more frequently had undergone a second surgery (44% vs 25%, p = 0.021). Only 9 of 139 (6.5%) sport-participating CS patients suffered head injuries; 6 (67%) were concussions and the remaining 3 were nondescript but did not mention any surgical needs. CONCLUSIONS In this nationwide survey of postsurgical CS patients and parents, sport participation was exceedingly common, with contact sports being the most common sport category. Few head injuries (mostly concussions) were reported as related to sport participation. Although this is a selective sample of CS patients, the initial data suggest that sport participation, even in contact sports, and typically beginning a few years after CS correction, is safe and commonplace.

scholarly journals Hubungan Penggunaan Helm dengan Derajat Cedera Kepala Akibat Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas pada Pengendara Sepeda Motor di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Tahun 2016-2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-357
Author(s):  
Sharon Serafim Bosawer ◽  
Rizki Rahmadian ◽  
Zelly Dia Rofinda
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Background. Traffic accidents are a public health problem in the world, and the main cause of head injury cases with the main contributor is motorcycle riders. The use of helmets on motorcycle riders can reduce the risk of head injury, by reducing the impact force on the head. Objective. The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between the use of helmet and the degree of head injury due to a traffic accidents on motorcyclists at RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang in 2016-2017. Methods. This study was an analytic study with cross sectional design.The sample was conducted by probability sampling technique using random sampling with 93 samples. Data were obtained from medical records of head injury patients who suffered traffic accidents using motorcycle and treated at RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang in 2016-2017. Data were analyzed using chi square test. Results. The results showed man (67,7%), did not use helmet (72%), and most types of head injuries are severe head injuries (50,5%. There was a significant relationship between the use of helmets with the degree of head injury due to traffic accidents on motorcycle riders (p=0,002). Conclusion. There was a relationship between the use of helmets on motorcycle riders with the degree of head injury due to traffic accidents. Keyword : Traffic acidents, head injury, helmet

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