scholarly journals Use of ICT for statistical analysis of psychological processes of future psychologists

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-113
Author(s):  
Yana Oleksandrivna Ostapenkko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Psychological Phenomena ◽  
The Impact

The use of computer technology in the educational process allows you to quickly and efficiently process large amounts of information obtained as a result of research and determine the impact of certain factors on the phenomenon or process under study. It is important for a psychologist to be able to properly analyze and process the data he receives as a result of psychological research. The use of statistical methods of data processing is an integral part of the analysis of psychological processes. The specificity of statistical processing of the results of psychological observations is that the database being analyzed is characterized by a large number of indicators of different types, their high variability under the influence of uncontrolled random phenomena, the complexity of correlations between variable samples. In this regard, one of the necessary conditions for the formation of research competence of a psychologist is to master the methods and criteria of statistical analysis. The article highlights the importance of mastering the statistical analysis of psychological phenomena and processes using computer technology for future psychologists. The essence of the main methods of statistical analysis is revealed: descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, methods of regression analysis, indicators of dynamics and detection of development trends, as well as forecasting the development of a psychological phenomenon or process in the future. The application of statistical methods using spreadsheets of Місrоsоft Ехсеl is demonstrated, as the simplest and free, and therefore available to the average higher education-future psychologist and analysis of the results of processing indicators. Performing tasks of an applied nature with the use of computer technology helps to facilitate the perception of the material and a deeper mastery of the discipline "Statistical analysis and modeling of psychological processes" and the essence of the psychological processes themselves. Allows you to gain the skills of statistical analysis to find optimal solutions. The efficiency of using Microsoft Excel for statistical analysis of psychological phenomena is proved. The proposed methodological approach is implemented in the educational process. As a result of observation of classes the received results are generalized and systematized. Further research is proposed to model the phenomena and processes in psychology.

Introduction

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Saks ◽  
Barbara A. Spellman
Keyword(s):  
Basic Research ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Thought Processes ◽  
Psychological Understanding ◽  
Trial Judges ◽  
Rules Of Evidence ◽  
Evidence Rules ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Rules of evidence are designed to facilitate trials by controlling what evidence may be presented at trial. Those rules came into being, and evolved over time, due to changes in trial process and structure – especially following the rise of adversarial procedure, whereby control over the marshaling and presentation of facts shifted from judges to lawyers. Refinements and reforms continue to be undertaken to try to improve the scope and clarity of the rules. Trial judges must not only apply the rules, they also have the discretion to make rulings in light of their expectations of the impact they think the evidence will have on jurors. This task involves metacognition: one human trying to estimate the thought processes of others. Thus, evidence rulemakers have been and are, effectively, applied psychologists. The rules of evidence reflect their understanding of the psychological processes affecting, and capabilities and limitations of witnesses, lawyers and jurors. Psychological research and methods provide an additional source of insight and assistance in that endeavor. Better psychological understanding should lead to more effective rules. Psychologists typically employ the scientific method: empirically testing hypotheses in an effort to discover which are valid understandings of how people perceive, store, and retrieve information. To evaluate evidence rules, one could conduct experiments directly on a rule, or borrow from existing knowledge developed in basic research and see whether those understandings support existing or proposed evidence rules.

Counting Guns

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-708
Author(s):  
Gordon Wood ◽  
Robert Churchill ◽  
Edward Cook ◽  
James Lindgren ◽  
Wilbur Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Violent Crime ◽  
The United States ◽  
Real Income ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
Gun Control ◽  
Gun Laws ◽  
The Impact

At the fall 2001 Social Science History Association convention in Chicago, the Crime and Justice network sponsored a forum on the history of gun ownership, gun use, and gun violence in the United States. Our purpose was to consider how social science historians might contribute nowand in the future to the public debate over gun control and gun rights. To date, we have had little impact on that debate. It has been dominated by mainstream social scientists and historians, especially scholars such as Gary Kleck, John Lott, and Michael Bellesiles, whose work, despite profound flaws, is politically congenial to either opponents or proponents of gun control. Kleck and Mark Gertz (1995), for instance, argue on the basis of their widely cited survey that gun owners prevent numerous crimes each year in theUnited States by using firearms to defend themselves and their property. If their survey respondents are to be believed, American gun owners shot 100,000 criminals in 1994 in selfdefense–a preposterous number (Cook and Ludwig 1996: 57–58; Cook and Moore 1999: 280–81). Lott (2000) claims on the basis of his statistical analysis of recent crime rates that laws allowing private individuals to carry concealed firearms deter murders, rapes, and robberies, because criminals are afraid to attack potentially armed victims. However, he biases his results by confining his analysis to the years between 1977 and 1992, when violent crime rates had peaked and varied little from year to year (ibid.: 44–45). He reports only regression models that support his thesis and neglects to mention that each of those models finds a positive relationship between violent crime and real income, and an inverse relationship between violent crime and unemployment (ibid.: 52–53)–implausible relationships that suggest the presence of multicollinearity, measurement error, or misspecification. Lott then misrepresents his results by claiming falsely that statistical methods can distinguish in a quasi-experimental way the impact of gun laws from the impact of other social, economic, and cultural forces (ibid.: 26, 34–35; Guterl 1996). Had Lott extended his study to the 1930s, the correlation between gun laws and declining homicide rates that dominates his statistical analysis would have disappeared. An unbiased study would include some consideration of alternative explanations and an acknowledgment of the explanatory limits of statistical methods.

scholarly journals Contribution to cultural-geographical research: Possible evaluations of cultural aspects by statistical methods

Geografie ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-314
Author(s):  
Silvie Kuldová
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Regional Identity ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Geographical Research ◽  
Hard Data ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Statistical Analysis Methods

The aim of this article is to show that an evaluation of cultural aspects does not always mean an operation with "soft", non-quantifiable data. It is possible to refer to cultural variety of regions also with the help of numeric indicators, so-called "hard" data. As an example, differences between the Czech borderland and inland are studied in this article. The used characteristics are the percentage of native persons and number of municipality parts per municipality. Dissimilarity ratio of these indicators in space is evaluated by statistical analysis methods: independent-samples T test, one-way ANOVA, chi-square tests. Component analysis outputs help to complete the findings. Statistically significant differences between the identity of the Czech borderland and inland were proved. The impact of the former Czech-German linguistic boundary on the degree of regional identity of the inhabitants is still sensible.

scholarly journals Computer technology of accounting of confounders in the risk assessment in comparative studies on the base of the method of standardization

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-305
Author(s):  
Yulia V. Shalaumova ◽  
A. N. Varaksin ◽  
V. G. Panov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Human Ecology ◽  
Industrial Ecology ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Concomitant Variables ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Here was performed an analysis of the accounting of the impact of concomitant variables (confounders), introducing a systematic error in the assessment of the impact of risk factors on the resulting variable. The analysis showed that standardization is an effective method for the reduction of the shift of risk assessment. In the work there is suggested an algorithm implementing the method of standardization based on stratification, providing for the minimization of the difference of distributions of confounders in groups on risk factors. To automate the standardization procedures there was developed a software available on the website of the Institute of Industrial Ecology, UB RAS. With the help of the developed software by numerically modeling there were determined conditions of the applicability of the method of standardization on the basis of stratification for the case of the normal distribution on the response and confounder and linear relationship between them. Comparison of results obtained with the help of the standardization with statistical methods (logistic regression and analysis of covariance) in solving the problem of human ecology, has shown that obtaining close results is possible if there will be met exactly conditions for the applicability of statistical methods. Standardization is less sensitive to violations of conditions of applicability.

scholarly journals Monitoring the impact of tyre inflation pressure on tensile properties of forest tractors

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
M. Helexa
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Inflation Pressure ◽  
The Impact

The article discusses monitoring of the impact of tyre inflation pressure on tensile properties of forest tractors. The <br />LKT 81 T forest tractor, manufactured byZŤS TEES, Martin (Slovak Republic) and widely used in Slovakia, was specifically chosen as the mechanised vehicle to be monitored. Tensile properties were examined using standard tensile tests, with a Tatra freight vehicle serving as the load vehicle. Actual measurements were performed on a concrete surface and on soil characterised as gravelly loam whose average moisture was 38%. The statistical methods used to verify the impact of significance from changes in tyre inflation pressure on selected tensile indicators were multi-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student&rsquo;s t-test. Even though statistical analysis failed to directly confirm significance in the impact of changes of tyre inflation pressure on selected load indicators for a forest tractor fitted with standard tyres, positive changes can be discerned in measured dependencies. The article concludes with a discussion of the results obtained and their possible application in operational practice.

scholarly journals Impact of Using Technology in Auditing on Reducing the Fees of Auditors Offices and Companies in Jordan

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ali Mustafa Magablih
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Audit Fees ◽  
T Test ◽  
Data Output ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Methods Of Application

The current study aimed to identify the impact of using technology in auditing on reducing the fees of the auditors offices and companies operating in Jordan. To achieve this objective, the study adopted the descriptive analytical approach due to its suitability to the nature of the study. A questionnaire was adopted as the study tool where 280 questionnaires were distributed to the study sample, 216 were retrieved and 184 were analyzed after excluding 32 questionnaires since they were invalid for the statistical analysis. The researcher used some appropriate statistical methods such as T test, mean and standard deviation. The study had many results, most important of which are that using technology has an impact on reducing the audit fees for the auditor offices and companies due to its accuracy in data output and tabulation, and that the auditor practices the E-auditing efficiently since he realizes its various benefits for the audit offices and companies operating in Jordan, and they applied it to a high degree. The study recommended the need for the audit offices and companies to continue operating in Jordan through e-auditing and they should work on developing their methods of application.

scholarly journals Digital competence as arequirement for development of innovative educational environment at university

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-418
Author(s):  
Ирина Ивановна Лысова ◽  
Ольга Алексеевна Витохина ◽  
Ольга Владимировна Волкова
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Digital Competence ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Education Environment ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The Impact

The study examines innovative educational technologies for their potential impact on and use in teaching, learning, and creative inquiry within the higher education environment. The analysis of the problem connected with creating (transforming) the educational environment in the context of digitalization showed that this multifaceted task requires further study. The aim of the work is to review and assess the implementation of digital technologies in the university educational environment. Theurgency of using digital technologies in the teaching-learning process has been substantiated; the importance of the digital competence formation for all educational process participants has been shown; the significance of filling the curricular with online products has been emphasized; the need to combine traditional educational methods with innovative technologies has been confirmed by the example of foreign language teaching. A systematic approach, desk research and expert assessment methods were used. The new ways of forming digital competence based on the use of open online resources are revealed; original ways of convergence of traditional and innovative educational environment are presented. The authors attempted to develop a methodological approach towards connecting learning inside/outside the classrooms through the digital cloud and estimate the impact of the digital revolution on the learners and teachers’ profile. The research results can be used by teachers perceiving digital competence as a new tool for converting learning environment into a comfort zone.

Interculturalism and the Acceptance of Minority Groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maykel Verkuyten ◽  
Kumar Yogeeswaran
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Social Psychological Research ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Situational Effect

Abstract. Multiculturalism has been criticized and rejected by an increasing number of politicians, and social psychological research has shown that it can lead to outgroup stereotyping, essentialist thinking, and negative attitudes. Interculturalism has been proposed as an alternative diversity ideology, but there is almost no systematic empirical evidence about the impact of interculturalism on the acceptance of migrants and minority groups. Using data from a survey experiment conducted in the Netherlands, we examined the situational effect of promoting interculturalism on acceptance. The results show that for liberals, but not for conservatives, interculturalism leads to more positive attitudes toward immigrant-origin groups and increased willingness to engage in contact, relative to multiculturalism.

ПРАГМАТИЧНИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ НАТИВНОЇ РЕКЛАМИ: ФОРМИ, ТРЕНДИ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ НАТИВНОГО КОНТЕНТУ В СОЦІАЛЬНІЙ МЕРЕЖІ FACEBOOK ЩОДО БРЕНДА ФАКУЛЬТЕТУ ЖУРНАЛІСТИКИ ЗНУ)

2020 ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
V. Kovpak ◽  
N. Trotsenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
The Social ◽  
National University ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

<div><p><em>The article analyzes the peculiarities of the format of native advertising in the media space, its pragmatic potential (in particular, on the example of native content in the social network Facebook by the brand of the journalism department of ZNU), highlights the types and trends of native advertising. The following research methods were used to achieve the purpose of intelligence: descriptive (content content, including various examples), comparative (content presentation options) and typological (types, trends of native advertising, in particular, cross-media as an opportunity to submit content in different formats (video, audio, photos, text, infographics, etc.)), content analysis method using Internet services (using Popsters service). And the native code for analytics was the page of the journalism department of Zaporizhzhya National University on the social network Facebook. After all, the brand of the journalism department of Zaporozhye National University in 2019 celebrates its 15th anniversary. The brand vector is its value component and professional training with balanced distribution of theoretical and practical blocks (seven practices), student-centered (democratic interaction and high-level teacher-student dialogue) and integration into Ukrainian and world educational process (participation in grant programs).</em></p></div><p><em>And advertising on social networks is also a kind of native content, which does not appear in special blocks, and is organically inscribed on one page or another and unobtrusively offers, just remembering the product as if «to the word». Popsters service functionality, which evaluates an account (or linked accounts of one person) for 35 parameters, but the main three areas: reach or influence, or how many users evaluate, comment on the recording; true reach – the number of people affected; network score – an assessment of the audience’s response to the impact, or how far the network information diverges (how many share information on this page).</em></p><p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong><em> nativeness, native advertising, branded content, special project, communication strategy.</em></p>

The methodological approach for the determination of the pressure of artificial raindrops as a question of the theory of splash soil erosion

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Mihail Zver'kov
Keyword(s):  
Block Diagram ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Effective Pressure ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Splash Erosion ◽  
Rain Drops ◽  
Artificial Rain ◽  
The Impact

To the article the results of the theoretical and experimental researches are given on questions of estimates of the dynamic rate effect of raindrop impact on soil. The aim of this work was to analyze the current methods to determine the rate of artificial rain pressure on the soil for the assessment of splash erosion. There are the developed author’s method for calculation the pressure of artificial rain on the soil and the assessment of splash erosion. The study aims to the justification of evaluation methods and the obtaining of quantitative characteristics, prevention and elimination of accelerated (anthropogenic) erosion, the creation and the realization of the required erosion control measures. The paper considers the question of determining the pressure of artificial rain on the soil. At the moment of raindrops impact, there is the tension in the soil, which is called vertical effective pressure. It is noted that the impact of rain drops in the soil there are stresses called vertical effective pressure. The equation for calculation of vertical effective pressure is proposed in this study using the known spectrum of raindrops. Effective pressure was 1.4 Pa for the artificial rain by sprinkler machine «Fregat» and 5.9 Pa for long distance sprinkler DD-30. The article deals with a block diagram of the sequence for determining the effective pressure of rain drops on the soil. This diagram was created by the author’s method of calculation of the effective pressure of rain drops on the soil. The need for an integrated approach to the description of the artificial rain impact on the soil is noted. Various parameters characterizing drop erosion are considered. There are data about the mass of splashed soil in the irrigation of various irrigation machinery and installations. For example, the rate (mass) of splashed soil was 0.28…0.78 t/ha under irrigation sprinkler apparatus RACO 4260–55/701C in the conditions of the Ryazan region. The method allows examining the environmental impact of sprinkler techniques for analyzes of the pressure, caused by raindrops, on the soil. It can also be useful in determining the irrigation rate before the runoff for different types of sprinkler equipment and soil conditions.

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