scholarly journals Peculiarities of transformation of phytoplankton of Zhytomir reserve

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Yu. Shelyuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Phytoplankton Biomass ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Trophic Status ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Phytoplankton Production ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Class Level

Stable functioning of the ecosystem of the Zhytomir reservoir, which is indicated by the absence of directed changes in the primary production over a long period, is pro­bably supported by the alterations of the algae groups at the level of their structure, by the high speed of incorporation of organic matter into the bio-water cycle, and by large areas of water levels. Over the last 10 years, the role of blue-green algae has decreased in the taxonomic composition of the phytoplankton of the Zhytomir reservoir, while the species richness of green, euglenic and golden ones has increased; there were minor alterations to the phytoplankton structure at the class level and more noticeable changes at the order, family, and birth levels. Over a period of almost ten years the species saturation of the genus Chlamydomonas Ehrenb., Euglena Ehrenb., Cyclotella Kützing., Peridinium Ehrenb. Generally, the generic coefficients and the saturation of species with intraspecific taxa increased (which was also observed for the small Denyshivske reservoir), whereas for large reservoirs of the Dnipro and Volga there is a tendency to simplify the taxonomic structure of phytoplankton with their age. Phytoplankton biomass indicators remained unchanged for almost ten years, however, there was a shift in biomass peaks from summer to autumn. The number of algae cells decreased. Phytoplankton alignment decreased. Inadequacy has been established in the trophic status of the Zhytomir Reservoir, determined by biomass and primary phytoplankton production. The higher trophic level, determined by the intensity of photosynthesis, is probably due to the predominance in the dominant complexes of small-cell highly productive species that support the high trophic status of aquatic ecosystems with relatively low phytoplankton biomass. At the present stage, there is a tendency to improve the water quality of the reservoir according to the saprobiological indicators of phytoplankton development in comparison with 2003–2007.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Zooplankton as indicator of trophic status of lakes in Ilmen State Reserve, Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina V. Mashkova ◽  
Anastasiya Kostryukova ◽  
Elena Shchelkanova ◽  
Viktor Trofimenko
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Status ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
The Status ◽  
Ilmen State Reserve ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

Abstract. Mashkova IV, Kostryukova AM, Shchelkanova EE, Trofimenko VV. 2021. Short Communication: Zooplankton as indicator of trophic status of lakes in Ilmen State Reserve, Russia. Biodiversitas 22: 1448-1455. Zooplankton is a potentially powerful tool for assessing the trophic state of aquatic ecosystems. The current paper studied taxonomic composition and biomass of zooplankton communities in ten lakes within Ilmen State Reserve, Chelyabinsk region, Russia and identified the influence of trophic status on its formation. Integrated samples were taken from epilimnion in the summer of 2016-2019. Several criteria were used to determine trophic status: the taxonomic structure and biomass of zooplankton; some hydroecological indicators some hydroecological indicators and the Carlson index. The trophic status of the studied lakes, determined based on the zooplankton biomass, revealed that most of the lakes were in the status of mesotrophic. The number of zooplankton species in the lakes was 44 with Pleuroxus laevis, Bosmina longirostris, Simocephalus vetulus were the most numerous species in mesotrophic lakes; while Chaetonotus ploenensis, Keratella quadrata frenzeli, Leptodora kindti are rare. Zooplankton communities of Bolshoye Miassovo and Maloye Miassovo Lakes were characterized by high species diversity and considered as one of the most significant among the foothill lakes of the eastern slope of South Ural. The study reveals that hydroecological assessment of the ecological status is not exactly precise, as values are not stable and can change not only under the anthropogenic influence but also due to many natural abiotic environmental factors. The research shows that species composition and biomass of zooplankton communities could provide a more accurate assessment of the trophic status of water-bodies.

Sampling, Preservation and Counting of Samples II: Zooplankton

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Wiebe ◽  
Ann Bucklin ◽  
Mark Benfield
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Sample Preservation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Plankton Collection

This chapter reviews traditional and new zooplankton sampling techniques, sample preservation, and sample analysis, and provides the sources where in-depth discussion of these topics is addressed. The net systems that have been developed over the past 100+ years, many of which are still in use today, can be categorized into eight groups: non-opening/closing nets, simple opening/closing nets, high-speed samplers, neuston samplers, planktobenthos plankton nets, closing cod-end samplers, multiple net systems, and moored plankton collection systems. Methods of sample preservation include preservation for sample enumeration and taxonomic morphological analysis, and preservation of samples for genetic analysis. Methods of analysis of zooplankton samples include determination of biomass, taxonomic composition, and size by traditional methods; and genetic analysis of zooplankton samples.

Mercury trends and cycling in northern Wisconsin related to atmospheric and hydrologic processes

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 831-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Watras ◽  
D. Grande ◽  
A.W. Latzka ◽  
L.S. Tate
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Hydrologic Processes ◽  
Littoral Sediments ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Acid Base Status ◽  
Explanatory Mechanism ◽  
Regional Water

Atmospheric deposition is the principal source of mercury (Hg) to remote northern landscapes, but its fate depends on multiple factors and internal feedbacks. Here we document long-term trends and cycles of Hg in the air, precipitation, surface water, and fish of northern Wisconsin that span the past three decades, and we investigate relationships to atmospheric processes and other variables, especially the regional water cycle. Consistent with declining emission inventories, there was evidence of declining trends in these time series, but the time series for Hg in some lakes and most fish were dominated by a near-decadal oscillation that tracked the regional oscillation of water levels. Concentrations of important solutes (SO4, dissolved organic carbon) and the acid–base status of lake water also tracked water levels in ways that cannot be attributed to simple dilution or concentration. The explanatory mechanism is analogous to the “reservoir effect” wherein littoral sediments are periodically exposed and reflooded, altering the internal cycles of sulfur, carbon, and mercury. These climatically driven, near-decadal oscillations confound short or sparse time series and complicate relationships among Hg emissions, deposition, and bioaccumulation.

scholarly journals Taxonomic composition and biodiversity of the gut microbiome from patients with irritable bowel syndrome, ulcerative colitis, and asthma

2022 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 864-873
Author(s):  
A. Y. Tikunov ◽  
A. N. Shvalov ◽  
V. V. Morozov ◽  
I. V. Babkin ◽  
G. V. Seledtsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Opportunistic Bacteria ◽  
Irritable Bowel

To date, the association of an imbalance of the intestinal microbiota with various human diseases, including both diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and disorders of the immune system, has been shown. However, despite the huge amount of accumulated data, many key questions still remain unanswered. Given limited data on the composition of the gut microbiota in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) from different parts of Siberia, as well as the lack of data on the gut microbiota of patients with bronchial asthma (BA), the aim of the study was to assess the biodiversity of the gut microbiota of patients with IBS, UC and BA in comparison with those of healthy volunteers (HV). In this study, a comparative assessment of the biodiversity and taxonomic structure of gut microbiome was conducted based on the sequencing of 16S rRNA genes obtained from fecal samples of patients with IBS, UC, BA and volunteers. Sequences of the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes types dominated in all samples studied. The third most common in all samples were sequences of the Proteobacteria type, which contains pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria. Sequences of the Actinobacteria type were, on average, the fourth most common. The results showed the presence of dysbiosis in the samples from patients compared to the sample from HVs. The ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes was lower in the IBS and UC samples than in HV and higher the BA samples. In the samples from patients with intestinal diseases (IBS and UC), an increase in the proportion of sequences of the Bacteroidetes type and a decrease in the proportion of sequences of the Clostridia class, as well as the Ruminococcaceae, but not Erysipelotrichaceae family, were found. The IBS, UC, and BA samples had signif icantly more Proteobacteria sequences, including Methylobacterium, Sphingomonas, Parasutterella, Halomonas, Vibrio, as well as Escherichia spp. and Shigella spp. In the gut microbiota of adults with BA, a decrease in the proportion of Roseburia, Lachnospira, Veillonella sequences was detected, but the share of Faecalibacterium and Lactobacillus sequences was the same as in healthy individuals. A signif icant increase in the proportion of Halomonas and Vibrio sequences in the gut microbiota in patients with BA has been described for the f irst time.

Epiphyton of oligotrophic lakes of Leningrad region

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Elena V. Stanislavskaya
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Oligotrophic Lakes ◽  
Epiphytic Algae ◽  
Lake Ecosystems ◽  
Epiphytic Communities

Here are results of investigation of taxonomic composition, community structure and dominant species of epiphytic algae in 12 oligotrophic lakes located in different geomorphic regions of Leningrad region. In summer epiphytic communities there were 385 algal taxa, they belonged to 6 taxonomic divisions: Cyanophyta (Cyanoprokaryota) – 50 (13%), Bacillaryophyta – 175 (45%), Chlorophyta – 37 (10%), Charophyta – 118 (30%), Xanthophyta – 4 (1,55%), Rhodophyta – 1 (0,45%). The taxonomic structure of each lake was predominant diatoms and desmids, but the biomass was dominated by zygnems and green algae. In total, the taxonomic composition of the epiphyton in the studied lakes is similar, the differences are revealed at the species level. The structure of dominanting epiphyton complex was rather constant and composed by a small number of species. The greatest contribution to the epiphyton was made by Tabellaria flocculosa and species of the genus Bulbochaete. The structure of the epiphyton reflects the undisturbed nature of lake ecosystems, as well as their northern location.

PECULIARITIES OF THE FLORISTIC COMPOSITION AND CHARACTER OF OVERGROWTH OF SMALL NON-FLOWING LAKES OF NARACH LAKE GROUP (BELARUS)

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-40
Author(s):  
A. Lapirov ◽  
E. Garin ◽  
E. Belyakov ◽  
A. Shestakova ◽  
O. Makarevich
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
National Park ◽  
Trophic Status ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
Liparis Loeselii ◽  
Isoetes Lacustris

The flora of small non-flowing lakes of the Narach lake group located on the territory of the Narachanski National Park (Belarus, Minsk region, Myadelsky district) was studied. The taxonomic composition of the flora numbering 126 species of vascular plants belonging to 85 genera from 42 families was revealed. Three plant species which are included in the list of protected taxa in Belarus were found – Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich. (Lake Shestakovo), Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. (Lake Shestakovo) and Isoëtes lacustris L. (Lake Beloe). Based on the annotated list of species presented in the work, taxonomic, geographical, ecological-coenotic and ecobiomorphological analyzes of the flora of water bodies were performed. According to the taxonomic and environmental structure, the flora of the studied lakes is shown to be traditional for this territory. The differences in the flora of the studied lakes are mainly due to their trophic status and, to a lesser extent, due to the diversity of biotopes and the nature of the anthropogenic load. Information on the nature of overgrowing of these water bodies is provided.

The impacts of deglaciation and human activity on the taxonomic structure of prokaryotic communities in Antarctic soils on King George Island

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 278-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.V. Pershina ◽  
E.A. Ivanova ◽  
E.V. Abakumov ◽  
E.E. Andronov
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Antarctic Soils ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Taxonomic Analysis

AbstractThe soil microbiome was investigated at environmentally distinct locations on King George Island in the South Shetland Islands (Antarctic Peninsula) using 16 S rRNA gene pyrosequencing. The taxonomic composition of the soil prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) was evaluated at three sites representing human-disturbed soils (Bellingshausen Station) and soils undergoing different stages of deglaciation (fresh and old moraines located near Ecology Glacier). The taxonomic analysis revealed 20 bacterial and archaeal phyla, among which Proteobacteria (29.6%), Actinobacteria (25.3%), Bacteroidetes (15.8%), Cyanobacteria (11.2%), Acidobacteria (4.9%) and Verrucomicrobia (4.5%) comprised most of the microbiome. In a beta-diversity analysis, the samples formed separate clusters. The Bellingshausen Station samples were characterized by an increased amount ofNostocsp. andJanibactersp. Although the deglaciation history had less of an effect on the soil microbiome, the early stages of deglaciation (Sample 1) had a higher proportion of bacteria belonging to the families Xanthomonadaceae, Sphingomonadaceae and Nocardioidaceae, whereas the older moraines (Sample 2) were enriched with Chthoniobacteriacae and N1423WL. Solirubrobacteriales, Gaiellaceae and Chitinophagaceae bacteria were present in both stages of deglaciation, characterized by genus-level differences. Taxonomic analysis of the abundant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) revealed both endemic (Marisediminicola antarctica,Hymenobacter glaciei) and cosmopolitan bacterial species in the microbiomes.

The Prediction of Lacustrine Phytoplankton Diversity

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 524-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce D. LaZerte ◽  
Susan Watson
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Good Predictor ◽  
Phytoplankton Biomass ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Phytoplankton Community Structure ◽  
Trophic Gradient ◽  
Phytoplankton Diversity ◽  
Total Phytoplankton

We tested the hypothesis that total phytoplankton biomass can predict phytoplankton community structure independent of its taxonomic composition. From a 2-yr study on Lake Memphremagog, Quebec, which exhibits a marked axial trophic gradient, 133 samples were rarefied to uniform count sizes and a range of diversity numbers, based on proportional biomass, was calculated for each. Biomass is a good predictor of evenness (0.7 < R < 0.9), but not species richness (0.1 < R < 0.3), and this prediction is independent of changes in taxonomic composition. Species richness is more directly related to season and changes in taxonomic composition.Key words: diversity, evenness, species richness, phytoplankton

Recent Changes in the Phytoplankton of the Bay of Quinte, Lake Ontario: the Relative Importance of Fish, Nutrients, and Other Factors

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 770-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Nicholls ◽  
D. A. Hurley
Keyword(s):  
Phytoplankton Biomass ◽  
White Perch ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Phosphorus Loading ◽  
Alosa Pseudoharengus ◽  
Blue Green Algae

A 50% reduction in phosphorus loading to the upper Bay of Quinte (Lake Ontario) from municipal sources in 1977 was followed by a major decline in phytoplankton biomass in 1978. However, by 1984–85, biomasses again approached those of the pre-phosphorus control period, despite continued low phosphorus loadings. No major shifts in phytoplankton composition occurred; domination by the diatoms Melosira and Stephanodiscus spp. and the blue-green algae Anabaena and Aphanizomenon spp. has continued. Highly significant positive correlation coefficients (r = 0.92–0.98) were found for phytoplankton — fish relationships during both the pre- and postphosphorus removal periods which coincided with pre- and postdie-off periods of white perch (Morone americana) and alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus). For the entire 16-yr period of data collection, a multiple regression model fitting upper bay phytoplankton biomass (with an adjusted R2 of 0.83) was developed with five input variables. White perch biomass alone explained more than 50% of the variance in the model. It is hypothesized that trophic interactions among other biotic components in the Bay of Quinte may be very important in controlling phytoplankton biomass.

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