Malcolm X : Pengaruh dan Konflik Internal dalam Gerakan Nation of Islam (NOI) di Amerika Serikat (1952-1965)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidik Fauji
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Malcolm X ◽  
Nation Of Islam ◽  
Coup D'etat ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Elijah Muhammad ◽  
Significant Factors

Abstract: This research aim to analyze the influence of Malcom X in the movement of NOI, and how it ignite internal conflict within this organization. The analyze focused on library research by using history research method. History research method requires certain procedures for instance heuristic, verification, interpretation, and historiography. As a result, there are three significant factors that triggered the violence againt Malcolm X performed by NOI perpetrators. The first factor was assumed on the popularity of Malcolm X whom gained more attention than Elijah Muhammad did. The consequences of Malcolm X’s fame initiated the jelaousy toward him. As a result there was rumour produced by Elijah Muhammad followers on the agenda of coup d’etat  against the leadership of the legal chief of NOI. The next cause of the internal conflict within NOI was the scandal of Elijah Muhammad with his female secretary. The last factor was the Malcolm X opinion on mass media toward the homicide of President Kennedy. Keywords : Influence, Internal Conflict, Malcolm X, NOI. Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk menjelaskan pengaruh Malcolm X dan konflik internal dalam gerakan NOI. Penelitian ini dipusatkan pada kajian pustaka dengan menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah. Langkah yang dilakukan peneliti yaitu heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi dan historiografi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah setidaknya ada tiga faktor utama yang menyebabkan konflik Malcolm X dari NOI. Pertama, Malcolm X lebih terkenal dan menjadi tokoh besar dalam gerakan NOI daripada Elijah Muhammad. Ketenarannya merangsang rasa iri dan rumor bahwa dia akan mengambil alih gerakan serta dia ingin lebih berhasil dari Elijah Muhammad. Kedua, kehidupan pribadi Elijah Muhammad yang terguncang oleh skandal perempuan. Ketiga adalah komentar Malcolm X pada pembunuhan Presiden Kennedy.Kata Kunci : Pengaruh, Konflik Internal, Malcolm X, NOI

Flexing a New Womanhood

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ula Yvette Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Jim Crow ◽  
Malcolm X ◽  
Nation Of Islam ◽  
Elijah Muhammad ◽  
Anti Jewish ◽  
Railroad Station ◽  
Muslim Girls

This chapter details the Muslim Girls Training and General Civilization Class (MGT-GCC) instruction for women. The role of Sister Captain Burnsteen Sharrieff is highlighted along with Lottie and Ethel Muhammad, the daughters of Clara and Elijah Muhammad. Sister Thelma X, a vocal member of the Nation of Islam and her publication, Truth, are examined for both its pro-black and anti-Jewish rhetoric. Sisters Louise Dunlap and Ernestine Scott, two Nation women who defied Jim Crow laws by sitting in a “White Only” section of a railroad station, bring Minister Malcolm X and his future wife, Sister Betty X into the narrative.

AKAD FINANCING OF MURABAHAH BETWEEN CUSTOMERS WITH MUAMALAT BANKS HARKAT VIEWED FROM SHARI'AH PRINCIPLES

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Candra Irawan ◽  
Adi Bastian ◽  
Febrozi Rohadi
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Library Research

Currently in Indonesia Islamic Bank has gained a place and interested in the community, causing many emerging Syari'ah Bank and Financial Institutions of the syari'ah, and products in Islamic banks are widely used is murabahah financing. The formulation of the problem in this research are: (1). How is the implementation of the sale and purchase through murabahah financing between Bank Muamalat Harkat with customers. (2). Is trading system murabahah financing between Bank Muamalat Harkat and customers have been according to the principles of Syari’ah. (3). How murabahah financing efforts to resolve the breach between the customer and Muamalat Harkat. This research method is empirical legal research, this study was conducted in Bank Muamalat Harkat based data collection through field research such as interviews, observation and description as well as information from respondents through library research. The results of this research are: before an agreement Bank to assess carefully the prospective customer in the form of a comprehensive analysis and is divided into several stages, such as the assessment using the principle of 5C Character (Character of the debitor), Chapacity (Capability Candidate Debitor) , Capital (Capital candidate Debitor), Collateral (Collateral candidate Debitor) and Condition of economy (economic condition of the prospective Borrower). Trading system murabahah financing between Bank Muamalat Harkat with the customer has not fully based on the principles of the Syari'ah. Murabahah financing efforts to resolve the defaults can be solved by R3 is Restrukturing (Arrangement Back), Reconditioning (Terms Back) and Rescheduling (rescheduling), sales collateral and auction execution. 

Benchmarketing Madrasah Membangun Tatanan dan Budaya Mutu

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-145
Author(s):  
Sumarto Sumarto
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Share Information ◽  
Active Commitment

AbstrakTujuan artikel ini adalah melihat kemajuan pelaksanaan standar dan untuk memastikan bahwa arah pelaksanaan sesuai dengan rencana, perlu dilakukan monitoring dan evaluasi. Metode penelitian ini merupakan kajian konsep dengan library research. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah keberhasilan benchmarking madrasah dalam mewujudkan tatanan dan budaya mutu dapat dilihat dari suatu komitmen yang aktif, suatu pemahaman yang jelas terhadap praktik industri terbaik, suatu keinginan harus berdasarkan temuan benchmarking, suatu kompetensi selalu berubah, suatu keinginan membagi informasi dengan mitra benchmarking dengan fokus,AbstractThe purpose of this article is to look at the progress of implementing standards and to ensure that the direction of implementation is in accordance with the plan, monitoring and evaluation needs to be done. This research method is a study of concepts with library research. The results obtained are the success of benchmarking madrasas in realizing the quality structure and culture can be seen from an active commitment, a clear understanding of best industry practices, a desire must be based on benchmarking findings, a competency is always changing, a desire to share information with benchmarking partners with focus,

Black Muslim Theology and the Classical Islamic Tradition

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley Williams
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nation Of Islam ◽  
Islamic Tradition ◽  
Elijah Muhammad ◽  
Black Muslim

Elijah Muhammad declared unapologetically that “God is aman.” This anthropomorphist doctrine does violence to modern normative Islamic articulations of tawú¥d (monotheism), the articulations of which involve God’s “otherness” from the created world. The Nation of Islam (NOI), therefore, has been the target of polemics from Muslim leaders who, from within and without the United States, have declared its irredeemable heterodoxy. But in premodern Islam, heresy was in the eye of the beholder and “orthodoxy” was a precarious and shifting paradigm. This paper attempts to, in the words of Zafar Ishaq Ansari, “examine how the ‘Nation of Islam’ fits into the framework of Islamic heresiology.”

Pendidikan Karakter Profetik dalam Sirah Nabawiyah (Telaah Kitab al-Râhiq al-Makhtûm Karya Shafiy al-Rahmân al-Mubârakfuri)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Syahid ◽  
H. Husni
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Character Education ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Library Research ◽  
History Of

This study aims to analyze the character values ​​in Sirah Nabawiyah Ar-Rahiq Al-Makhtum by Syafiyyurrahman al-Mubarakfuri, so that it is revealed how the character education of the Prophet Muhammad. and analyze its relevance to current educational goals. The research method used is library research, the type of research approach is deductive and the analysis method is content analysis. Data collection techniques used were library techniques. This research succeeded in proving that prophetic values ​​based on the history of the Prophet Muhammad have a strong relevance to the concept of contemporary character education. Prophetic values ​​loaded with character education in this era, especially related to religiosity, honesty, tolerance, discipline, hard work, creative, independent, democracy, curiosity, national spirit, love of the motherland, respect for achievement, friendship, love for peace , likes to read, care about the environment, care about social, and responsibility.

The Emergence of a Hybrid Public Sphere in Myanmar: Implications for Democratisation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Carl Middleton ◽  
Tay Zar Myo Win
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
National Level ◽  
Military Coup ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Military Government ◽  
Coup D'etat ◽  
Hybrid Governance

Abstract Myanmar was under a military government for almost six decades, during which time the state maintained an ‘authoritarian public sphere’ that limited independent civil society, mass media and the population's access to information. In 2010, Myanmar held flawed elections that installed a semi-civilian government and established a hybrid governance regime, within which civil, political and media freedoms expanded while the military's influence remained significant. In this paper, we examine ‘hybrid governance at work’ in the ‘hybrid public sphere’, that holds in tension elements of an authoritarian and democratic public sphere. The boundaries of these spheres are demarcated through legal means, including the 2008 military-created Constitution, associated judicial and administrative state structures and the actions of civil society and community movements toward political, military and bureaucratic elite actors. We develop our analysis first through an assessment of Myanmar's political transition at the national level and, then, in an empirical case of subnational politics in Dawei City regarding the planning of the electricity supply. We suggest that the hybrid public sphere enables discourses—associated with authoritarian popularist politics in Myanmar—that build legitimacy amongst the majority while limiting the circulation of critical discourses of marginalized groups and others challenging government policies. We conclude that for substantive democracy to deepen in Myanmar, civil society and media must actively reinforce the opportunity to produce and circulate critical discourse while also facilitating inclusive debates and consolidating legislated civil, political and media freedoms. On 1 February 2021, shortly after this article was finalized, a military coup d’état detained elected leaders and contracted the post-2010 hybrid public sphere, including constraining access to information via control of the internet and mass media and severely limiting civil and political rights.

Analisis Metode Pembelajaran Ceramah Masa Pandemi Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-150
Author(s):  
Sukron Ma'mun
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Psychological Condition ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Lecture Method ◽  
The Media ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Media And Technology

The lecture method is one of the methods that are often used by teachers in teaching and learning activities. This method is a method that is easy to implement and also cheap, because without the media and infrastructure it can be done. Some people underestimate this method and some even argue that it is outdated and left behind. According to the author's observations, this method remains relevant in any situation and condition, especially if a teacher is someone who is proficient in communicating and understanding the psychological condition and level of ability of the students he or she faces. The point is khootibunnaasa 'alaa qodri uqulihim (speak to humans according to their level of knowledge). The writing of this article uses the library research method, namely by digging and reviewing the literature that is related to the theme of writing this article. The results of the study and the author's study related to this lecture learning method are still very relevant and effective, especially during this covid-19 pandemic. By taking into account the following points; first, a teacher understands the science of communication well, second, understands the psychological condition of the audience/students, third, is able to touch students' emotions, fourth, includes elements of humor and is good at telling stories, fifth, is able to use social media and technology well.

scholarly journals SENI DALAM PERSPEKTIF HADIS NABI: Kajian Ma’ani al-Hadis

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Wely Dozan
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Contemporary Context ◽  
Muslim Scholars

<p><span lang="IN">Seiring lahirnya berbagai pemahaman terhadap hadis-hadis Nabi, pada saat itulah keragaman umat Muslim dalam menyikapi isu-isu tentang seni akan selalu hangat dan tidak pernah usai diperbincangkan dalam pemikiran muslim. Ada yang memandang bahwa seni merupakan suatu hal yang dilarang olah Nabi. Disisi lain, ada yang memandang bahwa seni merupakan salah satu yang dianjurkan oleh Nabi</span><span>, b</span><span lang="IN">aik </span><span>dalam </span><span lang="IN">seni musik, seni menggambar, seni melukis, dan </span><span>seni lainnya</span><span lang="IN">. Tujuan penelitian ini akan mengkaji seni dalam sudut pandang ma’ani al-hadis<em> </em>terhadap teks-teks hadis dengan melihat <em>sosio-historis</em> dan implikasinya terhadap Islam. Hal inilah yang harus dibenahi oleh cendekia-cendekia muslim agar hadis-</span><span>hadis</span><span lang="IN"> Nabi dimaknai secara objektif dengan tidak meninggalkan teks dan konteks hadis yang disampaikan. Adapun metode penelitian</span><span> yang digunakan</span><span lang="IN"> yaitu <em>library research</em> </span><span>dengan</span><span lang="IN"> cara </span><span>m</span><span lang="IN">engumpul</span><span>k</span><span lang="IN">an data dalam buku, </span><span>artikel</span><span lang="IN">, jurnal, dan berbagai macam literatur-literatur </span><span>yang </span><span lang="IN">terkait</span><span> dengan</span><span lang="IN"> permasalahan yang dikaji </span><span lang="IN">untuk menemukan hasil. Hasil penelitian ini melalui kajian ma’ani al-hadis adalah bahwa konsep seni merupakan suatu hal yang dicontohkan oleh Nabi, dan seni pada hakikatnya boleh saja dipraktikkan dalam konteks kekinian yang tidak menunjukkan pada sebuah larangan. Bahkan seni dianjurkan dalam Islam.</span></p><p> </p><p>[<strong><span lang="IN">Art in </span><span>t</span><span lang="IN">he Perspective of Prophetic Hadith: </span><span>t</span><span lang="IN">he </span><span>S</span><span lang="IN">tudy of Ma'ani al-Hadith</span></strong><span lang="IN">. Through the emergence of various understandings of the Prophet's traditions, at this time the diversity of Muslims in addressing issues regarding art will always be </span><span>updated</span><span lang="IN"> and will never finish being discussed in Muslim thought. There are those who think that art is something that was forbidden by the Prophet. On the other hand, there are those who think that art is one of the things that the Prophet likes, </span><span>such as</span><span lang="IN"> music, drawing, painting art, and other arts. The purpose of this research is to examine art from the perspective of ma'ani al-hadith towards hadith texts by looking at the socio-historical and its implications for Islam. This is what Muslim scholars need to fix so that the Prophet's traditions are interpreted objectively without leaving the text and context of the hadiths being conveyed. The research method used is library research by collecting data in books, articles, journals, and various kinds of literature related to the problems being studied </span><span lang="IN">to find </span><span>the </span><span lang="IN">results. </span><span lang="IN">The result of this research through the study of ma'ani al-hadith is that the concept of art is something that was exemplified by the Prophet, and art in essence may be practiced in a contemporary context that does not indicate a prohibition. Even art </span><span>is recommended </span><span lang="IN">in Islam.]</span></p>

scholarly journals PENGARUH FAKTOR KEUANGAN DAN PEMASARAN TERHADAP KELAYAKAN USAHA PO. KERIPIK PISANG SUSENO DI BANDAR LAMPUNG

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudiana Yudiana ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Financial Feasibility ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Interview Methods ◽  
Library Support

Abstract The object of research is PO. Pisang Suseno Bandar Lampung Chips located at Jalan Ikan kakap No. 78 Teluk Betung. PO. The problem studied was to find out the influence of financial and marketing factors on business feasibility of PO. Suseno Banana Chips in Bandar Lampung because of the business feasibility of PO. Suseno Banana Chips in Bandar Lampung business feasibility PO. Suseno Banana Chips in Bandar Lampung are declining. The research method used in this study is library research carried out by reading and studying books, scientific works and other library support related to this research and field research conducted by examining directly on PO. Suseno chips in Bandar Lampung through interview methods and questionnaires related to financial and marketing factors to the business feasibility of Suseno Keripik in Bandar Lampung. The results showed that the influence of financial and marketing factors on business feasibility of PO. Suseno Chips in Bandar Lampung, Based on calculations and research results from several financial feasibility criteria, it can be seen that the Net Present Value (NPV) is 226,745,626 and the Profitability Index (PI) is 1.87, the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) is 40.47% and Payback period (PP) for 2 years 23 days. This business should be developed in the direction of a larger processing industry given the products of PO chips. Suseno is a product that is quite popular with the community and this business can be used as an example by various parties who want to pursue similar businesses.

scholarly journals Effective Strategies on Learning Arabic for Children

ALSINATUNA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
SOKIP
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Selection Of

Arabic learning can take place at various ages of either children, adolescents or adults. Learning Arabic is something needed for especially Muslim because it is important in Muslim life. This paper will explain about the Arabic learning strategy for children. This is important to discuss because children need special strategies in learning for their ages. In collecting information, the writer uses library research method, which is done by comparing several literary sources, especially those that are the main source of discussion to discuss about the existing problems. Then, as the result, language learning is a help to determine how, and how well, learners learn a foreign language. There are many variations on learning strategy. Arabic learning strategies for children include playing, singing, telling stories, projects, demonstration, and conversation. By using the suitable and fun strategy, children can develop their potential well and effectively. The selection of learning strategies depends on children’s ages and characteristics.  

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