scholarly journals Distribution in Islamic Economic Perspective (Critics to Capitalist)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Telsy Fratama Dewi Samad
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
The Public ◽  
Distribution Of Wealth ◽  
Economic Perspectives ◽  
Islamic Economic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Capitalist Ideology

Distribution is one of the economic topics that is necessary to be discussed, mainly the distribution of wealth because it concerns the effort to achieve prosperity for all levels of society in a country through equitable distribution of wealth. In this article, we will discuss the concept of wealth distribution both from conventional perspective, which is based on capitalist ideology and from the perspective of Islamic economics. As the public understanding about capitalism, it is one of the economic comprehension carried by the Father of Economics "Adam Smith" which emphasizes the individual freedom in managing assets without government intervention. Capitalism has led to injustice and income inequality in the community, causing conflict and creating permanent poverty for the citizens of society. Islam refers the process of distribution of wealth following Islamic principles. Islam prevents the accumulation of wealth in certain small groups and promotes the distribution of wealth to all levels of society. This research is descriptive qualitative based on the study of literature such as books and other literature that are relevant to the problems considered by the author. The purpose of this study is to understand the concept of wealth distribution based on Islamic economic and capitalist economic perspectives. The result of this article concluded that the capitalist wealth distribution system should be replaced by the Islamic economic system that emphasizes the value of freedom as well as the behaviour of human based on religious teachings and the value of justice in ownership.

scholarly journals The Croonian Lecture 2004 Risk: food, fact and fantasy

2005 ◽  
Vol 360 (1458) ◽  
pp. 1133-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R Krebs
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Public Understanding Of Science ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Spongiform Encephalopathy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Understanding Of Science ◽  
The Individual

We all take risks, but most of the time we do not notice them. We are generally bad at judging the risks we take, and in the end, for some of us, this will prove fatal. Eating, like everything else in life, is not risk free. Is that next mouthful pure pleasure, or will it give you food poisoning? Will it clog your arteries as well as filling your stomach? This lecture weaves together three strands—the public understanding of science, the perception of risk and the role of science in informing government policy—as it explains how food risks are assessed and managed by government and explores the boundaries between the responsibilities of the individual and the regulator. In doing so, it draws upon the science of risk assessment as well as our attitudes to risk in relation to issues such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy, dioxins in salmon and diet and obesity.

scholarly journals Brotherhood dalam Dimensi Sistem Ekonomi Islam

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
Fahrur Ulum
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Distribution Of Wealth ◽  
Economic Man ◽  
Market Economic ◽  
Islamic Economic ◽  
Set Up

This article discusses the issue of brotherhood in Islamic economic system. The goal of Islamic economics is to create advantages (falâh}) for all economic man. To achieve this goal, Muslim economists have agreed to set up the philosophical pillars of Islamic economic system which consists of tawhîd, ‘ibâdah, khilâfah, and ukhuwwah. One of the important challenges to deal with is how to place the idea of brotherhood as a pillar of Islamic economic system that is applicable in economic activities which then lead to equal advantages. Muslim economists argue that Islamic economic system has led economic man to possess altruistic personality. This is not only related to the problem of consumption but also to that of production. In addition, the distribution of wealth specific in Islamic economic system has resulted in brotherhood. The spirit of brotherhood has inspired the effort of distributing wealth economically and non-economically towards shared advantages. Specific wealth distribution in Islamic economics is by placing human as economic being and social being alike. Therefore, brotherhood is implemented in market and non-market economic activities. The implementation of brotherhood is not only in the form of cooperative but more than that is to be oriented to efforts of empowering economic man.

scholarly journals Strategi Manajemen Distribusi Islam Dalam Mengatasi Krisis Ekonomi Akibat Pandemi Covid-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-251
Author(s):  
Nurul Fadhilah
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Distribution Of Wealth ◽  
The Social ◽  
Islamic Economic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Commercial Distribution

Abstract - Besides having an impact on health, Covid-19 also has an impact on the Indonesian economy. This happened because restrictions on human movement directly resulted in the impact of the economic crisis. Islamic economic theory can be used as a strategy in recovering the economic crisis. This study aims to formulate Islamic economic theories and models in overcoming economic crises.. This research method is desctiptive with  literature study analysis. The results of this study are that the islamic distribution system has the principle of equitable distribution of wealth. The islamic distribution system is divided into two, namely a commercial distribution system and a distribution system that is based on social aspect. Commercial distribution can be in the form of a cooperation contract with a non-usury contract, while the distribution in the social aspect is in the form of zakat, infaq, shadaqah, waqf, and inheritance.

scholarly journals KONSEP FISKAL ISLAM DALAM PERSPEKTIF HISTORIS

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Ali Murtadho
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Budget Deficit ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Market Mechanism ◽  
Distribution Of Wealth ◽  
Fiscal Revenue ◽  
Fair Distribution ◽  
Islamic Economic ◽  
Practical Representation

<p><em>Fiscal policy is not synonymous with Islam taxation / tribute that made the king / emperor , nor synonymous with modern fiscal policy born of the failure of the free market mechanism. Referring to public finance policy at the beginning of the Islamic era, Islamic fiscal policy is a practical representation of the mission of the Islamic economic system oriented religiosity , justice and wealth distribution.</em></p><em>Not only deal with the fiscal revenue and expenditure of state revenue but also about the mission of fair distribution of wealth . Jizya, kharaj and ghanimah is a fiscal instrument in accordance with the circumstances at that time for the mission fair distribution of wealth . Based on the concept of fiscal Islam , then the application of fiscal policy now must somehow form could lead to a fair distribution of wealth towards a comprehensive community welfare ( falah ), not just the budget deficit </em>

scholarly journals Crime and Punishment: Adam Smith’s Theory of Sentimental Law and Economics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Pia Paganelli ◽  
Fabrizio Simon
Keyword(s):  
Public Good ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Law And Economics ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Unintended Consequence ◽  
Systematic Bias ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legal Sanctions ◽  
Rational Calculation ◽  
The Individual

For Adam Smith a crime is not the result of a rational calculation of loss and gain, but the consequence of envy and a vain desire to parade wealth to attract the approbation of others, combined with a natural systematic bias in overestimating the probability of success. Similarly, Smith does not conceive of legal sanctions as a rational deterrent, but as deriving from the feeling of resentment. While the prevailing approach of the eighteenth century is a rational explanation of crime and a utilitarian use of punishment, Adam Smith instead builds his theory of criminal behavior and legal prosecution consistently on the sentiments. A well-functioning legal system is thus an unintended consequence of our desire to bring justice to the individual person, not the result of a rational calculation to promote the public good, just like a well-functioning economic system is the unintended consequence of our desire to better our own condition, not the result of a rational calculation to promote public good.

scholarly journals The Political Scientist and National Service in War-Time: Report of the Committee on War-Time Services of the American Political Science Association

1942 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 931-945
Author(s):  
Charles S. Hyneman
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
American Political Science Association ◽  
Political Scientist ◽  
The Public ◽  
Recommendations For Action ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Individual ◽  
American Political Science ◽  
National Effort

This is a time when the nation expects every man to do his duty. The first duty of a learned profession is to determine how its members can be of greatest usefulness. This report is intended to be an analysis of possible and proper contributions which political scientists may make to the national effort. For the most part, it suggests ways and means to the individual; it makes few recommendations for action by the Association.This report examines the opportunities for public service which are available to political scientists in the following fields of activity: (1) in public employment; (2) in undertaking tasks for the federal government; (3) in undertaking needed research; (4) in training persons for the public service; (5) in advancing public understanding of war-time and post-war problems; and (6) in strengthening democratic institutions and ways. Much of what is said on each of these subjects will be applicable to other social sciences and to colleges and universities as a whole.

scholarly journals Individuals Poverty, Poverty Key Issues in Islam

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Upayarto
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Distribution Of Wealth ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Capitalist Ideology

The purpose of this paper is to describe how Islam as an ideology view at issues of poverty with individual solutions, instead of solving it with average prosperity in the stage. This paper also describes how the individual poverty solutions solved by Islam through the mechanism of distribution of wealth. View of poverty and income inequality of the socialist-communist and capitalist ideology is also presented as a comparison with Islam. Description method for describing the view of Islam in the distribution of such property is used with a review of the literature that has addressed the same theme. Diagram used at the end of the article as a visualization of the distribution of wealth in Islam.

Dari Idealisme ke Pragmatisme: Pergeseran Paradigma dalam Pengembangan Hukum Ekonomi Syariah di Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-210
Author(s):  
Addiarrahman Addiarrahman ◽  
Illy Yanti
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Business World ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
The Public ◽  
Financial Products ◽  
Legal Consideration ◽  
Economic Law ◽  
Islamic Economic

This study seeks to understand the pragmatism of the development of sharia economic law, and its implications for Islamic financial products in Indonesia. The data comes from the results of interviews and focus group discussions with key informants from academics, practitioners, authorities, and the public. This research finds that pragmatism in the development of Islamic economic law is an approach that still dominates the DSN-MUI fatwas. The pragmatism style used is complex-eclectic pragmatism which is represented through makhārij al-fiqhiyyah, which is to choose a mild opinion by sticking to the strongest method or also called "taysīr al-manhajī". The use of this method is intended to ensure that the fatwa is truly able to answer the needs of the business world, as well as being in line with sharia principles. DSN-MUI also does not use maslahah as a legal consideration in a free or liberal way. Rather, it returns maslahah in consideration of the method, so that it is permissible to use the bay’ al-'inān contract only in a forced state (ḍarurah).

REVIVING ECONOMIC THOUGHT BY MANNAN PERPECTIVE

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-378
Author(s):  
Muhammad Majdy Amiruddin ◽  
Muhammad Ismail ◽  
Hasanuddin Hasim
Keyword(s):  
Adam Smith ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Small Contribution ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Study Techniques ◽  
Islamic Economic ◽  
Modern Era

The reviving of modern economic theory is usually stated starting from the publication of Adam Smith's The Wealth of Natoins, in 1776, although other thinkers who first also gave no small contribution. The main idea put forward by Adam Smith is that competition between various suppliers of goods and buyers will produce the best possibilities in the distribution of goods and services because it will encourage everyoe to do the specialization and increase in capital so that it will produce more value with a permanent workforce. From the Islamic perspective, there are several names that commonly known such, Baqir, Umar Chapra, and Mannan. The purpose of this research is to explore the revival economic though by Abdul Mannan. This research adapts content analysis method, which is a researcher conducts a discussion of the contents of written or edition information in the mass media. The data analysis techniques of this scientific work use literature study techniques, comparative, induction, and deduction. The study began by collecting literature data from Muhammad Abdul Mannan's Concept of Thinking about the Development of Modern Era Islamic economics and Modern Era Islamic Economic concepts in general, (researchers only participated in the discussion). Then proceed with the interpretation that researchers try to understand Muhammad Abdul Mannan's thoughts about the Development of Islamic Economics in the Modern Era. The result of this reseacrh indicates that the revival of Islamic thought by determining basic economic functions that simply cover three functions, namely consumption, production and distribution. Those basics are rooted by Five basic principles rooted in Shariah for basic economic functions in the form of consumption functions are the principles of righteousness, cleanliness, moderation, benefit and morality

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