scholarly journals Primary Risk of Hypertension in Women with Age 45 - 54 Years

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Dewi Puspito Sari ◽  
Dwi Sutiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Heart Attack ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Primary Hypertension ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Observational Descriptive Study ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Age And Sex

Hypertension is the silent killer, one of the main risk factors for heart attack and stroke. Based on Riskesdas data in 2018 the prevalence of hypertension blood pressure measurements in Indonesia increased by 8.3%, from 25.8% (in 2013) to 34.1% (in 2018). The prevalence of hypertension in Jambi Province based on the results of the 2013 Riskesdas was quite high at 24.6%. In Sarolangun Regency primary hypertension was second only to ARI, which was 16.3%. But the study of the characteristics of patients with primary hypertension in Sarolangun District is still limited. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of patients with primary hypertension, especially the age and sex of patients in Sarolangun District in 2016. The method of this study was an observational descriptive study, with a case control study design. The sampling technique uses total sampling. 

scholarly journals Genetic association of TOLLIP gene polymorphisms and HIV infection: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Gui Wang ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Jian-Qing He
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Background Previous studies have indicated that host genetic factors play an essential role in immunity to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We aimed to investigate the association between the toll-interacting protein (TOLLIP) and mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2) genes and HIV infection susceptibility among Chinese Han patients. Methods This is a case-control study. A total of 435 HIV-infected patients and 1013 seronegative healthy individuals were recruited. DNA was extracted from whole blood. Two SNPs in the MBL2 gene (rs7096206 and rs1800450) and three SNPs in the TOLLIP gene (rs5743899, rs3750920, and rs5743867) were selected and genotyped using a SNPscan Kit (Cat#: G0104, Genesky Biotechnologies Inc., Shanghai, China). Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using unconditional binary logistic regression. Results A significant association between the minor alleles rs5743899 (C allele) and rs5743867 (G allele) in the TOLLIP gene and susceptibility to HIV infection was found in this study after adjusting for age and sex (Pa = 0.011 and < 0.001, respectively). The rs5743867 in the TOLLIP gene was significantly associated with the risk of HIV infection in dominant, recessive, and additive models when adjusted for age and sex (Pa < 0.05). No significant association was found between MBL2 gene polymorphisms and HIV infection. Conclusion Our study found a statistically significant association between the two SNPs (rs5743867 and rs5743899) in the TOLLIP gene and susceptibility to HIV infection in a Chinese Han population.

scholarly journals Determinants of stillbirths among women who gave birth at Hawassa university comprehensive specialized hospital, Hawassa, Sidama, Ethiopia 2019: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rekiku Fikre ◽  
Samuel Ejeta ◽  
Taye Gari ◽  
Akalewold Alemayhu
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Obstructed Labor ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Prolonged Labor ◽  
Hawassa University ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Globally over 2.6 million pregnancy ends with stillbirth annually. Despite this fact, only a few sherds of evidence were available about factors associated with stillbirth in Ethiopia. Therefore, the study aimed to spot factors related to stillbirth among women who gave birth at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Hawassa, Sidama Ethiopia, 2019. Methods Facility-based unmatched case-control study was conducted at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. Cases were selected using simple random sampling technique and controls were recruited to the study consecutively after every case selection with case to control ratio of 1 to 3. Data were coded and entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 24 for analysis. Results A total of 106 cases and 318 controls were included in the study. Number of antenatal care visit [AOR = 0.38, 95% CI (0.15, 0.95)], lack of partograph utilization [AOR = 4.1 95% CI (2.04, 10.5)], prolonged labor [AOR = 6.5, 95% CI (2.9, 14.4)], obstructed labor [AOR = 3.5, 95% CI (1.5, 9.4)], and congenital defect [AOR = 9.7, 95% CI (4.08, 23.0)] were significantly associated with stillbirth. Conclusion Absence of partograph utilization, prolonged labor, obstructed labor, antepartum hemorrhage and congenital anomaly were found to have positive association with stillbirth.

Consumption of uncooked deer meat as a risk factor for hepatitis E virus infection: An age- and sex-matched case-control study

2004 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuchin Tei ◽  
Naoto Kitajima ◽  
Shunji Ohara ◽  
Yoshifumi Inoue ◽  
Masaharu Miki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Age And Sex

Negative Interaction between Lithium and Electroconvulsive Therapy – A Case-Control Study

1996 ◽  
Vol 168 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Jha ◽  
G. S. Stein ◽  
P. Fenwick
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Negative Interaction ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Concurrent Use ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Age And Sex

BackgroundConcurrent use of lithium and ECT is suspected to increase neurotoxicity.MethodA retrospective case-control study over an eight-year period was conducted to investigate the adverse effects of a combined lithium/ECT treatment Thirty-one subjects with combined lithium/ECT treatment were compared with a control group (ECT only) of 135 cases matched for age and sex.ResultsMost cases in both groups had no adverse effects. Three (10%) study group subjects and 15 (11 %) controls experienced brief delirium. Three controls and none of the subjects developed a prolonged confusion. There were no significant differences in the profile of other adverse effects between the two groups.ConclusionPrescription of lithium together with ECT was not associated with higher frequency of adverse effects.

scholarly journals Risk factors for post-bronchoscopy pneumonia: a case–control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Sato ◽  
Kengo Murata ◽  
Miake Yamamoto ◽  
Tsukasa Ishiwata ◽  
Miyako Kitazono-Saitoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tracheobronchial Stenosis ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Age And Sex

AbstractThe bronchoscopy, though usually safe, is occasionally associated with complications, such as pneumonia. However, the use of prophylactic antibiotics is not recommended by the guidelines of the British Thoracic Society. Thus far there are few reports of the risk factors for post-bronchoscopy pneumonia; the purpose of this study was to evaluate these risk factors. We retrospectively collected data on patients in whom post-bronchoscopy pneumonia developed from the medical records of 2,265 patients who received 2666 diagnostic bronchoscopies at our institution between April 2006 and November 2011. Twice as many patients were enrolled in the control group as in the pneumonia group. The patients were matched for age and sex. In total, 37 patients (1.4%) had post-bronchoscopy pneumonia. Univariate analysis showed that a significantly larger proportion of patients in the pneumonia group had tracheobronchial stenosis (75.7% vs 18.9%, p < 0.01) and a final diagnosis of primary lung cancer (75.7% vs 43.2%, p < 0.01) than in the control group. The pneumonia group tended to have more patients with a history of smoking (83.8% vs 67.1%, p = 0.06) or bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) (4.3% vs 14.9%, p = 0.14) than the control group. In multivariate analysis, we found that tracheobronchial stenosis remained an independent risk factor for post-bronchoscopy pneumonia (odds ratio: 7.8, 95%CI: 2.5–24.2). In conclusion, tracheobronchial stenosis was identified as an independent risk factor for post-bronchoscopy pneumonia by multivariate analysis in this age- and sex- matched case control study.

Migraine and Left-Handedness are not Associated. A New Case—Control Study and Meta-Analysis

Cephalalgia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 553-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Biehl ◽  
A Frese ◽  
M Marziniak ◽  
I-W Husstedt ◽  
S Evers
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
International Headache Society ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Left Handedness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Age And Sex

To investigate the possible association between migraine and left-handedness, we enrolled 100 patients with a diagnosis of migraine according to the International Headache Society diagnostic criteria and 100 age- and sex-matched control subjects into a case—control study. Handedness was determined by the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory. There was no significant difference in the frequency or grade of left-handedness between the two groups. Additionally, we pooled our data with those from five similar studies, which did not alter the result. Thus, neither our study nor the meta-analysis support Geschwind and Behan's hypothesis of an association between migraine and left-handedness.

scholarly journals Higher frequency of Congenital Hypothyroidism among Newborns, District Dera Ghazi Khan-Punjab, Pakistan: A case control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Rehman Khokhar ◽  
Abdul Majeed Cheema
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Tsh Levels

Objectives: The study objective was to establish serum TSH cut off value for diagnosis of new case of congenital hypothyroidism and to estimate frequency of Congenital Neonatal Hypothyroidism. Methods: A case control study was conducted at DHQ Teaching Hospital of DG Khan Medical College, Dera Ghazi Khan during 2020 to establish reference values of TSH and T4 for study population. Sample size was calculated by classical sample size calculation formula Cochran WG 1977 sampling technique. A group of 30 neonates of normal, healthy, euthyroid mothers was taken as Neonatal Control Group to estimate levels of TSH and total T4 in normal neonates. Neonatal Study Group was neonates of hypothyroid mothers (n=75). Simple random sampling technique was applied. Results: Mean (mean ± SD) Serum TSH levels of Neonatal Control Group were found to be 3.58 ± 03.09 mIU/l. Mean Serum TSH levels among Neonatal Study Group were found to be 6.88 ±12.95 mIU/l and serum total T4 were found to be 16.78 ± 6.96ug/dl on 3-7 days of life. Serum total T4 (mean ± SD) levels of Neonatal Control Group were 9.73 ± 03.39 ug/dl. Neonatal serum TSH more than 15mIU/l was taken as cut off value to diagnose a case of CNH. So, frequency of CNH was 8% among neonates of study group. Conclusions: The TSH cut off value of >15mIU/l was established for case detection of CNH. Our findings of CNH in district Dera Ghazi Khan (8%) are the highest frequency of CNH reported so far in Pakistan. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.5.4086 How to cite this:Khokhar AR, Cheema AM. Higher frequency of Congenital Hypothyroidism among Newborns, District Dera Ghazi Khan-Punjab, Pakistan: A case control study. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.5.4086 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Reasons for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Their Role in the Transmission of Infection According to Age: a Case-control Study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvani Mauro ◽  
Giulia Cantiello ◽  
Maria Cavani ◽  
Eleonora Lacorte ◽  
Bruno Mariani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
School Children ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Nursery School ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Background. The locations where children get exposed to SARS-CoV-2 infection and their contribution in spreading the infection are still not fully understood. Aim of the article is to verify the most frequent reasons for SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and their role in the secondary transmission of the infection. Methods. A case-control study was performed in all SARS-CoV-2 positive children (n= 81) and an equal number of age- and sex- matched controls who were referred to the S. Camillo-Forlanini Pediatric Walk-in Center of Rome. The results of all SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal swabs performed in children aged <18 years from October 16 to December 19, 2020 were analyzed. Results. School contacts were more frequent in controls than in cases (OR 0.49; 95% CI: 0.3-0.9), while household contacts were higher in cases (OR 5.09; 95% CI: 2.2-12.0 ). In both cases and controls, school contacts were significantly less frequent, while on the contrary household contacts seemed to be more frequent in nursery school children compared to primary school or middle/high school children. A multivariate logistic regression showed that the probability of being positive to SARS-CoV-2 was significantly lower in children who had school contacts or who had flu symptoms compared to children who had household contacts. Results showed a 30.6% secondary attack rate for household contacts. Conclusion. In our study population, the two most frequent reasons for SARS-CoV-2 infection were school and home contacts. The risk of being positive was 5 times lower in children who had school contacts than in children who had household contacts.

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