scholarly journals Awareness of farm workers regarding health problems and use of protective clothing during pesticide application

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 540-543
Author(s):  
Saroj Yadav ◽  
Geeta Gaba
Keyword(s):  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
High Biological Activity ◽  
Cotton Crop ◽  
Educational Package ◽  
Skin Allergy ◽  
Harmful Effects

Pesticides are widely used in agricultural production to prevent or control pests, diseases, weeds, and other plant pathogens in an effort to reduce or eliminate yield losses of cotton crop and maintain high product quality. Because of high biological activity, and in some cases, long persistence in the environment, pesticides (pyrethroids, carbamate, oganophosphate, organochlorines) may cause harmful effects to human health and to the environment. Occupational exposure to pesticides often occurs in the case of agricultural workers in open fields and greenhouses. Farmers who perform spray activity are routinely exposed to high levels of pesticides (Monocarbamide dihydrogen sulfate, pyrethroids and carbamates), than the other farm workers such as pesticide loader, evaluator. The dermal and inhalation routes of entry are typically the most common routes of farmers’ exposure to pesticides. Farmers’ exposure to pesticides can be reduced through less use of pesticides and use of the appropriate protective clothing and equipments in all stages of pesticide handling. The present study was conductedon 270 respondents from all nine blocks of Hisar district of Haryana state to create awareness amongst them regarding health problems and use of protective clothing during pesticide application.An educational package in the form of Video CD and Leaflet was used. Pamphlets were distributed; lecture-cum-demonstrations and film shows were organized. Protective clothing and accessories were also exhibited for better impact. It was recorded that respondents succeeded in acquiring awareness at post exposure level, through print and electronic media for each message viz. breathing problems (23.3%), eyes related problems (100%), skin allergy (43.3%), headache (60.3%), fainting due to inhalation of pesticide (64.33%) and stomach related problems (23.56%).  

Development of protective clothing for agricultural workers

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Punam , and Saroj S. Jeet Singh Rani ◽  
Neelam Pruthi ◽  
Saroj S. Jeet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
Health Hazards ◽  
Agricultural Workers ◽  
Organic Dust ◽  
Pesticide Application ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Water Proof ◽  
Sports Shoes

Farm workers are exposed to pesticide vapours and organic dust during various farm activities which may leads to many health problems. To minimize health hazards protective clothes were designed with reference to fabric and functional features. Designed protective clothing was given to twenty five farm workers involved in pesticide application and forty farm workers (25 males and 15 females) engaged in threshing activity, for a period of one month to access their suitability and acceptability. On the basis of suitability and acceptability recommended protective clothing for pesticide applicators were jacket with hood and pyjama of water proof fabric (having lining of cotton hosiery fabric), Chemical Resistant mask, Glasses/goggles, Nitrile gloves and Sports shoes. For threshing activity recommended protective clothing were : apron with hood and full sleeves with elasticized cuffs (elastic in two rows),Pleated mask / beak mask, Glasses/goggles ,Sports shoes, Mittens/gloves (for male) and for female : Kameez with full sleeves preferably elasticized cuffs or apron, hood mask/scarf mask ,glasses/goggles, sports shoes, mittens/gloves.

scholarly journals Stimulating community participation in a group of farm workers using action research.

Curationis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Jagananen
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
Related Activity ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Health Related

This study assessed whether community participation in health related activity was a reality or just popular development rhetoric.Using action research methodology, focus group discussions and informal contacts were made with farm workers consisting of twelve families in Umkomaas, south of Durban in the province of Kwa-Zulu Natal. The aim was to establish whether this community could be actively involved in all aspects of community participation. The level of participation was described using Rifkin’s model (Rifkin et al, 1988). Results of this study revealed that the community was able to identify their own health problems, prioritize them and plan appropriate strategies to meet the needs identified.

Arsenic waste from water treatment systems: characteristics, treatments and its disposal

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 939-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tien Vinh Nguyen ◽  
Paripurnanda Loganathan ◽  
Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran ◽  
Srirama Krupanidhi ◽  
Thi Thu Nga Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
Harmful Effects

As with other water treatment systems, arsenic treatment creates not only quality water but arsenic waste as well. Management of arsenic waste is now becoming a major public concern due to its harmful effects on the surrounding environment, including serious health problems such as skin cancers and various internal carcinomas. The main aim of this paper is to review: (i) the characteristics of arsenic waste produced by arsenic treatment systems; and (ii) the treatment and disposal methods of this waste. Arsenic waste type or its characteristics play an important role in choosing the best method of treatment and disposal. Currently, encapsulation of arsenic waste through solidification/stabilization (S/S) techniques is considered to be the most attractive solution and this method is the focus of this review. A number of studies have used cement by itself and in combination with additives such as lime, iron, silicates, or fly ash in the S/S process. Although there is a lack of systematic investigations and differing procedures for testing the effectiveness of the treatment methods, it was agreed that incorporating additives could increase the effectiveness of the S/S process depending on the type and dose of additives.

scholarly journals Health Problems Faced by Female Farm Workers in Rural Areas of Tehsil Dera Ghazi Khan: A Sociological Investigation

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ali Tarar ◽  
Tahreem Fatima ◽  
Muzaffar Hussain Salik ◽  
Saira Akhtar ◽  
Yasir Nawaz Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Farm Workers

scholarly journals A Review on the Biological Resistance of Terricolous Microorganisms

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-446
Author(s):  
Mitra Abootorabi
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Chemical Pesticides ◽  
Harmful Effects

The excessive use of chemical pesticides to confront pests causes environmental pollution. Furthermore, plant pathogens resist chemical pesticides. When such pathogens accumulate in plants or soil, they will cause harmful effects on humans. Biological control is an alternative method that reduces or terminates the use of chemical compounds in agriculture. Biological control is also carried out by microorganisms. Bacteria are the main group of these microorganisms. Due to the extensive presence in the soil, tolerating changes of temperature, pH, and salinity as well as producing endospore resistant species, Bacillus bacteria are used in biological control of soil. Bacillus species are often found in soil and rhizosphere. These bacteria help with the control of plant pathogens by producing siderophore, secretion of enzymes, production of antibiotics and inducing systemic resistance. In this study, various biological control mechanisms which are carried out by microorganisms have been reviewed.

scholarly journals An analysis of the impact of agricultural tractor seat cushion materials to the level of exposure to vibration

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boban Cvetanovic ◽  
Dragan Cvetković ◽  
Momir Praščević ◽  
Miljan Cvetković ◽  
Milan Pavlović
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Seat Cushion ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Agricultural Tractor ◽  
Tractor Engine

During everyday operations with tractors, drivers are exposed to harmful effects of various factors. In addition to unfavourable temperature and humidity, dust and noise, one of the factors harmful to driver’s health is vibrations. They come from the tractor engine and from the roughness of the ground and are transferred to the cab and through the seat to the body of the driver. In case of high level magnitude vibrations and a long period of exposure to them, many health problems occur. The harmful effect of the vibrations is especially obvious in older models of tractors. High intensities of vibrations (above permitted limits) were found during the measurements of vibrations at the driver seat in such tractors. This study is an attempt to reduce the vibration levels using various vibration-absorbing components, such as cushions, at driver’s seat. The results of the measurements showed that the vibration levels were significantly lower in comparison to original seats.

scholarly journals RNA Silencing of Mycotoxin Production in Aspergillus and Fusarium Species

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 539-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tami McDonald ◽  
Daren Brown ◽  
Nancy P. Keller ◽  
Thomas M. Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Mycotoxin Production ◽  
Mycotoxin Contamination ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Harmful Effects

Mycotoxins are natural fungal products that are defined by their harmful effects on humans and animals. Aflatoxin contamination of maize by Aspergillus species and trichothecene contamination of small grains by Fusarium species are two of the most severe mycotoxin problems in the United States. We are investigating RNA silencing in an effort to identify novel ways to control mycotoxin contamination of crops. Transformation of two Aspergilli (A. flavus and A. parasiticus) and a Fusarium (F. graminearum) with inverted repeat transgenes (IRT) containing sequences of mycotoxin-specific regulatory genes suppressed mycotoxin production in all three plant-pathogenic fungi. This atoxigenic phenotype was stable during infection on corn and wheat, and importantly, F. graminearum IRT strains were less virulent on wheat than were wild type. The IRT did not alter physiological characteristics of the fungi, such as spore production and growth rate on solid media. These results indicate that RNA silencing exists in Aspergillus and Fusarium plant pathogens and suggest that RNA silencing technology may be a useful tool for eliminating mycotoxin contamination of agricultural products.

Health Problems of Migrant Children: A Dissenting View

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 500-501
Author(s):  
Arnold Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Migrant Children ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
Rural Poor ◽  
Health Concerns

Eisner et al. recently described an unproductive screening program but omitted any consideration of the serious issues that affect the health of migrant children. There is no longer a need to document the health problems of California's rural poor, nor the ineptness with which health facilities handle those needs. The health concerns of farm workers remain sanitation, housing, diet, child care, and access to ongoing medical care. The following data may correct the possible implication from their article that there is no serious health problem among "migrant" children:

scholarly journals The psychological typhoon eye effect during the COVID-19 outbreak in China: the role of coping efficacy and perceived threat

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhang ◽  
Min Ma ◽  
Danfeng Li ◽  
Ziqiang Xin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Coping Efficacy ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The influence of COVID-19 on mental health problems has received considerable attention. However, only a few studies have examined the relationship between exposure to COVID-19 and mental health problems, and no empirical study has tested the mechanisms between them. Methods We conducted a survey in 31 provinces of China during 3–13 March 2020 to test the effect of the exposure level on mental health problems. Our sample comprised 2987 participants who reported their perceived threat, coping efficacy, mental health problems and other demographic variables. Multiple mediators path analysis was used in the data analysis. Results The results showed that the level of exposure to COVID-19 in China was negatively associated with mental health problems, which confirmed the “Psychological Typhoon Eye” effect. Further analyses indicated that both perceived threat and coping efficacy partially mediated the relationship between them. However, coping efficacy explained the “Psychological Typhoon Eye” effect. Perceived threat mediated the positive relationship between exposure level and mental health problems. Conclusion This study detected the psychological typhoon eye effect and demonstrated the mediating role of coping efficacy and perceived threat between exposure to COVID-19 and mental health problems. Our findings suggest that policy makers and psychological workers should provide enough psychological services to low-risk areas as the high-risk areas. An important means of alleviating mental health problems is to improve coping efficacy.

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