scholarly journals Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) genetic resources for climate change intervention and its future breeding

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1112-1118
Author(s):  
Vikender Kaur ◽  
Rashmi Yadav ◽  
D.P. Wankhede
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Climate Resilience ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Future ◽  
Smart Agriculture

Linseed or flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), a multiple purpose crop valued for its seed oil, fibre, probiotic and nutraceutical properties, is adapted to different environments and agro-ecologies. Modern breeding techniques using only limited number of selected varieties have resulted in a loss of specific alleles and thus, reduction in total genetic diversity relevant to climate-smart agriculture. However, well-curated collections of landraces, wild linseed accessions and other Linum species exist in the gene banks and are important sources of new alleles. This review is primarily focused on the studies of genetic diversity of linseed species and evaluation related to tolerance to abiotic and biotic stress factors that could be useful for improving linseed through future promising breeding programs in addition to briefly discussing different morphotypes and nutraceutical importance. Wide diversity in linseed germplasm indicates a considerable potential for improving this crop for both agronomic and quality traits required for developing climate-resilience tailored to specific environments. Recent release of the flax genome sequence coupled with wide range of genomic and analytical tools in public domain has furthered understanding of molecular mechanisms for detailed study of the genes underlying flax adaptation to stress and diversity in commercially important accessions. Important climate related traits and their constituent genes are presented and key developments for the future highlighted emphasizing the urgent need to increase the use of genetically diverse germplasm to meet the emerging challenges in agricultural production and to conserve valuable genetic resources for the future.

scholarly journals Genetic Divergence of Flax Genotypes (Linum Usitatissimum L.) Utilizing Microsatellite Markers

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumita Nag ◽  
Jiban Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Oilseed Crops ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Ssr Primers ◽  
Ssr Loci

Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), stoods in position third, being the largest natural fibre crop and simultaneously one of the five preeminent oilseed crops in the world. SSR/microsatellite markers are extensively utilized for genetic diversity analysis and cultivar identification considering their myriad abundance, co-dominant inheritance, steep polymorphism, reproducibility, and comfort of assay by PCR. Ten microsatellites were amplified in 27 genotypes of Flax. The study was undertaken to assess the genetic diversity in flax and to select most diverse genotypes for future breeding program. Primer efficiency parameters were studied. The 10 SSR loci amplified a total of 41 alleles that were used for genetic analysis. Most primers have PIC value greater than 0.5 and the LU6 marker was highly polymorphic PIC = 0.95. Estimates of RP̅ were highest for the primer LU1 (0.68). The maximum MI was observed for the primer LU10 (3.56). The H and D ranged from 0.26 to 1.78 and 0.36 to 5.40, respectively. According to Spearman rank correlation, PIC and MI were most important parameters in assessing the efficiency of whole set of 10 SSR primers. Dendrogram was constructed using the genetic similarity coefficients using UPGMA. PCo-A was also performed in support. Genetic diversity in Flax was revealed at molecular level.

Artificial Intelligence and Its Applications in Agriculture With the Future of Smart Agriculture Techniques

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Harshit Bhardwaj ◽  
Pradeep Tomar ◽  
Aditi Sakalle ◽  
Uttam Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Food Supply Chain ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Entire Society ◽  
Smart Agriculture ◽  
Growing Conditions

Agriculture is the oldest and most dynamic occupation throughout the world. Since the population of world is always increasing and land is becoming rare, there evolves an urgent need for the entire society to think inventive and to find new affective solutions to farm, using less land to produce extra crops and growing the productivity and yield of those farmed acres. Agriculture is now turning to artificial intelligence (AI) technology worldwide to help yield healthier crops, track soil, manage pests, growing conditions, coordinate farmers' data, help with the workload, and advance a wide range of agricultural tasks across the entire food supply chain.

Evidence of the domestication history of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) from genetic diversity of the sad2 locus

2005 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin G. Allaby ◽  
Gregory W. Peterson ◽  
David Andrew Merriwether ◽  
Yong-Bi Fu
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
History Of

The use of ex situ conserved plant genetic resources

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby Hodgkin ◽  
V. Ramanatha Rao ◽  
Angélica Cibrian-Jaramillo ◽  
Samy Gaiji
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Recent Information ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Barriers To Use ◽  
The Many

AbstractPlant genetic resources are conserved so that they can be used to improve crop plant pro- duction and in other ways. However, it is often asserted that use of ex situ conserved germplasm is inadequate and that genetic diversity maintained in genebanks is underutilized. In part, this reflects an incomplete recognition of what constitutes use of plant genetic resources, and of the many different ways in which material from genebanks contributes to improved agricultural production. Based on recent information from surveys of distribution of germplasm from genebanks, and from surveys of users, we suggest that the evidence indicates that there is substantial use of ex situ conserved materials for a wide range of different uses. We suggest that barriers to use of ex situ conserved germplasm may often result from a lack in numbers of users, and from limitations in capacity to effectively utilize the genetic diversity present in genebanks to reduce genetic vulnerability and increase sustainability in modern production systems.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity Analysis of Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) at Bilaspur Plain Region of Chhattisgarh

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Pallavi Manhar ◽  
Roshan Parihar ◽  
NK Choure ◽  
AP Agrawal ◽  
Dhanendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Genetic Diversity Analysis ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Plain Region

scholarly journals Direct cryopreservation of poultry/avian embryonic reproductive cells: A low-tech, cost-effective and efficient method for safeguarding genetic diversity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuanjun Hu ◽  
Lorna Taylor ◽  
Adrian Sherman ◽  
Christian Keambou Tiambo ◽  
Steven J Kemp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Climate Resilience

Chickens are an important resource for smallholder farmers who raise locally adapted, genetically distinct breeds for eggs and meat. The development of efficient reproductive technologies to conserve and regenerate chicken breeds safeguards existing biodiversity and secures poultry genetic resources for climate resilience, biosecurity, and future food production. The majority of the over 1600 breeds of chicken are raised in low and lower to middle income countries (LMICs) under resource limited, small scale production systems, which necessitates a low tech, cost effective means of conserving diversity is needed. Here, we validate a simple biobanking technique using cryopreserved embryonic chicken gonads. The gonads are quickly isolated, visually sexed, pooled by sex, and cryopreserved. Subsequently, the stored material is thawed and dissociated before injection into sterile host chicken embryos. By using pooled GFP and RFP-labelled donor gonadal cells and Sire Dam Surrogate (SDS) mating, we demonstrate that chicks deriving entirely from male and female donor germ cells are hatched. This technology will enable ongoing efforts to conserve chicken genetic diversity for both commercial and small holder farmers, and to preserve existing genetic resources at poultry research facilities.

scholarly journals DISEASES DIVERSITY FOR FLAX GENETIC RESOURCES IN LATVIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
Inga Stafecka ◽  
Dace Grauda ◽  
Veneranda Stramkale
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Stage Of Development

Flax (Linum usitatissimum L) yield of stem and seeds and them quality is influenced by a number of harmful diseases but investigation about pathogens in recent years have not been done in Latvia. Each stage of development of disease is important in the pathogen life cycle and requires certain condition. Goal of this study have identify possibilities of the pathogens and were assess disease severity depending on the genotypes on flax in variable environmental conditions. The resistance to the diseases for 24 flax genotypes and standard variety ‘Vega 2’ were evaluated. The field trials have been carried out over the period from 2015 to 2016 at the Research Centre of Priekuli, part of Vilani in Latgale. Disease progress was measured every week, and for each treatment, severity of diseases index and the area under the disease progressive curve (AUDPC) were calculated. The flow cytometry method for detection of flax pathogens was developed. The Fusarium avenaveum was dominating disease and statically significant in both vegetation periods. In 2015 were identified statically significant (p

scholarly journals Characterisation and evaluation of morphological trials, biological features and seed yield of 23 flax accessions (Linum usitatissimum L.) of different geographical origins

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grażyna Silska ◽  
Jan Bocianowski
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Lateral Branches

Summary Introduction: The Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants (INF&MP) is involved in the protection of the genetic resources of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) and hemp (Cannabis sativa L.). In 1998–2000, the INF&MP conducted research titled “Collection and evaluation of flax and hemp cultivars and ecotypes”. Poland participates in the programme, financed by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development because our country has signed the Convention on Biological Diversity. Objective: The objective of the research was the evaluation of the genetic resources of 23 accessions of flax. The characteristics data for flax accessions are presented according to traditional methodology and according to the methodology for developing the International Flax Data Base. Methods: Field trials were carried out in 1998–2000 in the experimental station in Wojciechów, located in the Opolskie region. The objective was to evaluate the morphological traits, biological features and seed yield of 23 accessions of flax. The research included the following genotypes of Linum usitatissimum L. according to type of use: 12 linseed varieties, three landraces, one accession of unknown type of use, six fibre varieties and one genotype of both types of use. Results: The total plant length of Linum was short for 12 accessions of flax, medium short (7) and medium (4). The technical length was short (17 accessions), medium short (3) and medium (3). The stem thickness for all accessions was medium, i.e. between 1.2 and 2.0 mm. The panicle length was short (12 accessions), medium (10) and long (1). A number of primary lateral branches of the stems of all flax accessions was medium (4–8 branches). The 1000 seed weight was low for 21 accessions of flax and very low in two genotypes: Currong and UKR 97 104. The size of the corolla (flower) was small (9), medium (12) and large (2) – varieties: Martin and Maxigold. The petal colour of the corolla was blue (11), light blue (8) and white (4) – Crystal, Hella, Kreola, Achay. Conclusions: Morphological characterisation of the stamen showed that accession K-1390 was segregating because the anther colour was bluish and greish. The highest resistance to lodging was observed for Abby, Peak and Olinette. The following accessions of flax were very resistant to Fusarium: Martin, UKR 97269, Kijewskij and Ukraińskij 3; resistant to Fusarium: Abby, Peak, Olinette, Crystal, Gold Merchant, Currong and Ukraińskij 2. The following varieties were very susceptible to Fusarium: Hella, Kreola, Maxigold and Achay. These varieties should not be used for cross breeding. The best average seed yield in 1998–2000 in Wojciechów was found in the following accessions of flax: Abby (191%), Gold Merchant (162%), Currong (161%), Olinette (151%), PEAK (148%), UKR 97269 (148%), Crystal (138%), Ukraiński 3 (132%), Martin (130%), Pacific (110%) and Ukraiński 2 (103%). These varieties are particularly valuable for flax breeders.

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