Transparency in the Municipal Public Management: An Evaluation of Rio Grande do Sul State’s Municipalities

The objective of the present study is to determine the transparency level of Rio Grande do Sul state’s municipalities, identifying the variables that explain it. This is a documental and quantitative research, observing the most recent information disclosed in the state’s transparency websites, identifying if the data disclosure is correct, through the Municipal Public Management’s Transparency Index, as well as the regression analysis and descriptive statistics. In this way, it is possible to observe that most state’s municipalities present an average level of transparency. Besides, it was observed that, from the eleven socioeconomical variables that were analyzed, only five are capable of influencing the transparency index. Therefore, many measures must still be adopted by the state’s municipal managements, so that they enforce the Access to Information Law and fulfill all of the aspects that come from the transparency.

HAND BOOK ON PRACTICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Hand book of Practical Microbiology, is a performance based text designed for use by students of microbiology, biotechnology, medicine, laboratory technology, allied sciences; by microbiologists and by others who are interested in practical microbiology. The intent of the book is to provide recent information and explain in detail the routine microbiological methods performed in a Microbiology laboratory. Hand book of Practical Microbiology consists of 12 chapters. Each chapter contains practical exercises. Each exercise contains theoretical aspects of the practical, principle, and experimental procedure in detail.

On-line Studies of ESL at Pandemic

The article under the headline On-line Studies of ESL at Pandemic, concerns the modern theory of connectivism by George Simens in the pandemic for teaching and learning English as a second language. As the changing world and learning circumstances show the era for fundamental knowledge has come to an end. The informal way for getting information on the issue rather than the knowledge appears to be more important. In the era of information not the existing knowledge matters as the ways for getting the information on the certain topic even then when you know nothing of the issue. The on-line world and technologies give a wonderful possibility for gaining the info from those who already are aware of the matter via the chat or comment on blogs or online articles. The need of informal ways of teaching and getting the information have become serious outcome for mastering the English in an authentic atmosphere and get the very recent information on the topic. Thus, to pass asynchronous way the subject enables the student not only to get the grade but the information with less effort on the issue and make his own English internet community.

PHP 8 release to upgrade library websites

The author explores the possibility to update PHP language up to PHP 8 in the library websites. Such upgrade is determined by the need for recommended safety level for web-resources. As exemplified by St. Petersburg library websites, the role of PHP language is demonstrated: 70% library websites are based on this technology. The content management systems (CMS) and PHP language versions are identified. For the three most popular CMS (CMS WordPress, CMS Joomla!, without CMS), technological recommendations are given on how to transfer to the new PHP versions (as for early 2021). About 28% websites do not use CMS. Their compatibility with PHP new version has to be provided individually. Approx. 28% library websites use CMS Joomla!, and 19% – CMS WordPress. Today, these management systems cannot support PHP 8 in full: WordPress is beta-compatible, while with Joomla! the work has been just in progress. The most recent information for IT specialists interested in library website design is given; releases to follow PHP 8 after November 2020, are described.

Improving methods of state support for the tourism and hospitality industry in the context of digitalization

The article is devoted to improving the methods of state support for the tourism and hospitality industry in the context of digitalization. It is proved that the policy in the field of tourism and hospitality industry should take into account the goals of socio-economic policy that determines the line of reforms. The authors state that the tourism and hospitality industry has become a special system that combines both the historical and cultural heritage of the state and the most recent information technologies in the field of territorial development and communications, as well as note that tourist and hotel companies are digitalizing their activities rigorously and effectively, receiving significant revenues.

A Critical Review on Mathematical Descriptions to Study Flux Processes and Environmental-Related Interactions of Mangroves

Trees are resources that provide multiple benefits, such as the conservation of fauna, both terrestrial and marine, a source of food and raw material, and offering protection in storms, which makes it practical to understand their behavior against different phenomena. Such understanding may be possible through process modeling. Studies confirm that mangrove forests can store more carbon than other forests, influencing the fight against global warming. Thus, a critical and systematic review was carried out regarding studies focusing on mangroves to collect information on the models that have been applied and the most influential variables highlighted by other authors. Applying a systematic search for the most relevant topics related to mangroves (basic as well as recent information), it is possible to group models and methods carried out by other authors to respond to certain behaviors presented by mangroves. Moreover, possible structuring of a mathematical model applied to a species of interest thanks to the analyzed references could provide justified information to the authorities on the importance of these forests and the benefits of their preservation and regeneration-recovery.

Multitarget therapeutic approaches for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases: an opportunity or an illusion?

Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease are the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases and the leading causes of dementia worldwide. The etiology of these multifactorial pathologies is not completely known. The available therapeutic approaches can cause temporary relief of symptoms but cannot slow down their progression or cure them. Life-changing therapeutic solutions are urgently needed, as the number of people suffering from these pathologies has been increasing quickly over the last few decades. Several targets are being studied, and innovative approaches are being pursued to find new therapeutic options. This overview is focused on the most recent information regarding the paradigm of using multitarget compounds to treat both Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.

Book Review: Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan: Konsep Dasar Kehidupan Berbangsa dan Bernegara di Indonesia

The author created this book intending to help students’ awareness of civic education’s importance . Civic education in higher education provides insight into nationality and can also be a provision for students to face the future. This book was equipped with historical sources of all components in Indonesia, such as historical sources of human rights, insights into the archipelago, and others. Although the information in this book does not include the most recent information, its content is compelling because it comes from reliable sources. Most of them are taken from state laws which are trustworthy and supported with a lot of international theory.

Birds and places: What the lexicon reveals about multilingualism

Aims and objectives: The paper describes the current multilingual language ecology and explores two subdomains of the lexicon in order to infer information about the extent and nature of multilingualism in the past. Methodology: The paper employs quantitative and qualitative analysis of a sociolinguistic questionnaire in the first part. The second part includes a qualitative analysis of lexemes in the domains of bird names and plant names, and then compares them with old ethnographic sources as well as recent information on the surrounding languages. Data: The data of this study come from original fieldwork by the author in the village of Rouku and surrounding villages collected between 2010 and 2016. It is supplemented by material from colleagues working on related languages (Evans, Kashima and Siegel). Findings: The method suggests that the type of multilingualism that was practiced in the past is similar to today. Originality: The study is novel in providing a description of multilingualism from the Southern New Guinea area. Moreover, it advances a lexicographic and ethnographic approach in reconstructing the past state of a language ecology. Implications: The main conclusion is that in the absence of written historical sources – a problem that one is almost always facing in New Guinea – it is possible to extrapolate from the lexicon of Komnzo to a past state of the local language ecology. Limitations: The method does not allow for dating the point in time for which the inferences can be made.

Information Access for Community Through Electronic Media for Improving the Knowledge of Fish Cultivation in Rebaq Rinding Village, Muara Muntai Sub-District, Kutai Kartanegara, East Kalimantan

Accessing information through electronic media is unfamiliar thing for the community since it is essential in improving their insight in order to support the increase of their fish production. This research was performed in Rebaq Rinding Village, Muara Muntai Sub-District Kutai Kartanegara District. Census method was used in this research, employing 30 fish cultivators in Rebaq Rinding Village. The objective of this research is to find out the type of information media used by fish cultivator community. This research found that the electronic information accessed by the community of fish cultivator in Rebaq Rinding Village is in the form of mobile phone and television. Among the information they access includes entertainment, watching youtube, searching for recent information and watching television. In terms of information concerning fishery, they access information of how to spawn fish correctly and how to make natural feed for the fish.