scholarly journals Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial activity of Alternanthera paronychioides A.St.-Hil.-A smooth Joyweed

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 156-164
Author(s):  
Niranjan M.H. ◽  
Prabhurajeshwar C.
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis

The In vitro Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Quercus robur L. Methanolic and Aqueous Leaves’ Extracts, from the Algerian High Plateaus Against some Uropathogenic Microbial Strains

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 262-274
Author(s):  
E. Benyagoub ◽  
N. Nabbou ◽  
S. Boukhalkhel ◽  
I. Dehini
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Fusidic Acid ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Microbial Strains

The medicinal value of the plants is due to their chemical components that bring a definite physiological action on the human body to prevent the diseases. In this work, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of leaves’ extracts of Quercus robur L., collected from the Algerian upper highlands, on ten bacterial strains and one fungal strain known to be pathogenic. First, we performed a qualitative phytochemical analysis, and second, antimicrobial activity tests performed by agar diffusion method (disc and well) with the determination of MIC by broth macro-dilution method. Given the results, it appears that obtained macerates of Quercus robur L. were rich in bioactive phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, anthraquinones, saponins, tannins, and other components. The yield of aqueous and methanolic macerates of leaves was 8.5 ± 1.41 and 22.4 ± 4.36%, respectively. The bacterial resistance was relatively important to several antibiotics, namely, ampicillin, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid for strains of Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. However, Staphylococcus aureus strains were resistant to fusidic acid, penicillin, and oxacillin; while Enterococcus faecalis was resistant to fusidic acid, penicillin, oxacillin, and ticarcillin. The antibacterial activity of the macerates toward tested microbial strains showed that the aqueous and methanolic macerates of the leaves were proportional to the tested concentration and active not only against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria but also on the fungal species Candida albicans. The estimated MIC for Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus was in the order of 10 mg/mL, which seems more effective than toward Salmonella sp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans which were in the order of 30 mg/mL. These preliminary results confirm that the part of the studied plant had a very good antimicrobial activity that was proportional to the serial concentrations of the tested extracts.

scholarly journals Phytochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Litsea angulata extracts

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1839
Author(s):  
Harlinda Kuspradini ◽  
Indah Wulandari ◽  
Agmi Sinta Putri ◽  
Sabeti Yulis Tiya ◽  
Irawan Wijaya Kusuma
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Free Radical Formation ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Phytochemical Constituent ◽  
Microdilution Broth

Background: Litsea angulata is a plant species belonging to Lauraceae family that is distributed throughout Indonesia, Malaysia, and New Guinea. The seeds have been traditionally used by local people in Kalimantan, Indonesia for the treatment of boils; however, there is no information about the potency of its branch, bark and leaves yet. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant, antimicrobial activity as well as the phytochemical constituent of Litsea angulata branch, bark, and leaves. Methods: Extraction was performed by successive maceration method using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol solvent. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging assay. The antimicrobial activity using the 96 well-plate microdilution broth method against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans. Results: Based on the phytochemical analysis, it showed that extract of L. angulata contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and coumarin. The results showed that all extracts of plant samples displayed the ability to inhibit DPPH free radical formation and all tested microorganisms. Conclusions: L. angulata contains secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, carotenoids, and coumarin. The antioxidant activity on different plant extracts was a range as very strong to weak capacity. All extracts in this study could inhibit the growth of S. aureus and S. mutans.

scholarly journals Study on antibacterial activity of Calotropis procera

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Muzammal
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Mic Value

Comparative study of plant extracts crude and aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic with antibiotics, provide evidence that calotropis procera extracts has the similar antibacterial activity as these antibiotics against test pathogens i.e. Salmonella typhi and E.coli. The analysis of antimicrobial activity of aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic extract of leaves and flower of Calotropis procera was carried out in disc method and also determined MIC value at 600nm through optical density using spectrophotometer. The zone of inhibition produced by extracts was examined and compares it with zone produced by antibiotics. The effect exhibited by ethanolic extract of leaves and flower was significantly greater than the aqueous and methanolic extract of leaves and flower. Crude extracts i.e. latex, leaves, fruit and flower crude extracts. Among them, flower crude extracts shows similar zone of inhibition to test anitibiotics.while in MIC value, we made different concentration of extracts and antibiotics.i.e for crude we made 25%, 50%.75% and 100% concentration of crude juice and for the aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic we made 0.5mg/mL,1mg/mL,2mg/mL,3mg/mL,4mg/mL, 5mg/mL and 6mg/mL in Dimethyl salfoxide, and same antibiotics concentration. Aqueous leaves extracts show MIC at 0.5mg/ml against E.coli while against Salmonella it shows MIC at 1mg/ml... We also determine phytochemical analysis for presences of different compounds in crude extracts. The obtained results provide a support for the use of Calotropis procera, in traditional medicine and suggest its further advance investigation.

scholarly journals Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Costus woodsonii

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Mukesh S Sikarwar ◽  
Chew Khai Szeek ◽  
Neeraj Paliwal
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Concentration Test ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity

Background: Herbal medicine mostly contains wide range of chemical compounds responsible for medicinal therapeutic use. Costus woodsonii is commonly called as Red Button Ginger and synonyms of the botanical name are Costus spiralis, Alpinia spiralis and Costus pisonis. In Malay, it is known as Setawar Halia Merah. In Chinese, it is known as Hong Bi Qiao Jiang. Objective: This research was conducted to study the pharmacognostical, phytochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of C. woodsonii leaf extracts. Method: Macroscopy, microscopy, phytochemical analysis, thin layer chromatography, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity of C. woodsonii leaf were carried out. Total flavonoids were estimated in the leaf extract. The total phenolic content of C. woodsonii leaf was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The antioxidant activity of leaf extract of C. woodsonii was determined by performing DPPH radical scavenging. The microbial activity was determined by Well diffusion test, MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) test and MBC (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration) test. Result and Discussion: C. woodsonii belongs to costaceae with elliptical green leaves. Till now are no extensive studies on C. woodsonii. Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoid, steroid, fat, phenol, tannin and mucilage in leaf extract. Physicochemical studies further revealed the ash value of leaf as 8.7%. Among the three extractions, alcohol extractive values showed the highest as 13%. Loss on drying at 105 degree Celsius in leaf was found to be 12.67%. The plant extract showed total phenolic content of 7.941 mg GAE/g at concentration of 5µg/ml. As for flavonoids content, plant extract showed 21.7 mg RE/g at concentration of 200µg/ml and 43.4 mg RE/g at concentration of 400µg/ml. For antioxidant activity, the plant extract showed weak antioxidant activity in DPPH scavenging activity assay. For antimicrobial test, the leaf extract of C. woodsonii showed weak antimicrobial activity. Conclusion: From this study, it can conclude that C. woodsonii leaf extract possess weak antioxidant activity and weak antimicrobial activity which need to be further validated by using more antioxidant assays and antimicrobial tests.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY ON ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF TULSI (OCIMUM SANCTUM) AND NEEM (AZADIRACHTA INDICA) METHANOL EXTRACT

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 514
Author(s):  
Vipul Kumar ◽  
Anurag Chakraborty ◽  
Manpreet Kaur ◽  
Sony Pandey ◽  
Manoj Kumar Jena
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Neem Extract ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria

Objective: This study was focused on to compare the antimicrobial activity of methanolic leaf extracts of tulsi and neem.Methods: We have chosen tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) and neem (Azadirachta indica) to compare their antimicrobial activity toward Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. Phytochemical extracts have been made by the use of methanol as solvent and dried leaf powder by the cold maceration extraction process. Phytochemical analysis for some secondary metabolites has been done using standard protocols. Nutrient agar plates were inoculated with the above-mentioned microorganisms by spreading bacterial inoculum on the surface of the media. Wells (6 mm in diameter) were punched in the agar. The phytochemical extracts of neem and tulsi were allowed to diffuse into the medium, and after incubation of 24 h at 37°C, the zones of inhibition were observed.Results: Statistical analysis showed that tulsi was more effective toward S. aureus while neem was more effective toward E. coli. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of tulsi for both the microorganisms was 0.4 g/ml, and the MIC of neem for both the microorganisms was 0.2 g/ml. When both the tulsi and neem extract were mixed with each other for every concentration at equal volume, they have shown better effects in comparison to individual neem or tulsi extract and also the MIC got reduced to 0.2 g/ml for both the bacteria.Conclusions: Leaf extracts of both the A. indica and O. sanctum have shown antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. A. indica has higher antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, whereas the O. sanctum was found to be more effective against E. coli (indicated by the zone of inhibition). When both the extracts were mixed with each other, they have shown a better effect toward both bacteria.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant Activity, Antimicrobial Activity, and Cytotoxicity of Chaptalia nutans Leaves

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Letiele Bruck de Souza ◽  
Amanda Leitão Gindri ◽  
Thainara de Andrade Fortes ◽  
Thais Felli Kubiça ◽  
Jefferson Enderle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Clinical Isolate ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Carbonyl Protein ◽  
Crude Leaf Extract

Context. Chaptalia nutans (L.) Pol. (family: Asteraceae) is widely used in traditional medicine as laxative and anticough medications and especially in the traumatisms, wounds, and hemorrhages in topical preparations. Objective. This work was to evaluate the chemical constitution of the hydromethanolic (30/70 methanol-water) macerating extract obtained from the leaves of C. nutans, as well as to study the antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and genotoxic activity of the species. Materials and methods. Phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity (total phenolic, total flavonoid, condensed tannins content, DPPH radical, and FRAP), antibacterial activity (P. aeruginosa, B. cereus, E. epidermidis, E. coli, S. aureus, E. faecalis, P. mirabilis, Candida glabrata (clinical isolate), Candida tropicalis (clinical isolate), C. krusei (clinical isolate), and C. albicans (clinical isolate)), and oxidative stress parameters (TBARS, carbonyl protein, and DCFH) were analyzed according to the literature. Toxicity of C. nutans was evaluated using an alternative method, D. melanogaster, as well as a locomotor assay. Results. The phytochemical screening test of methanolic leaves extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, coumarins, quaternary bases, phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and free steroids. A quantitative phytochemical study indicated the total phenol (30.17 ± 1.44 mg/g), flavonoid (21.64 ± 0.66 mg/g), and condensed tannins (9.58 ± 0.99 mg/g). DPPH (345.41 ± 5.35 μg/mL) and FRAP (379.98 ± 39.25 μM FeSO4/mg sample) show to extract of C. nutans leaves an intermediate value, indicating moderate antioxidant activity of the extract. Antibacterial results revealed only a positive result (antimicrobial activity) for the hexane fraction which significantly inhibited the microorganisms E. epidermidis, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, and C. krusei at a concentration of 1000 μg/mL. TBARS, carbonyl protein, and DCFH demonstrate that the extract has the ability to protect the cell from protein and lipid damage, as well as the inhibition of oxygen-derived radicals at the three concentrations tested: 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/mL. Regarding the toxicity of C. nutans extract against D. melanogaster, it was found that until the concentration of 15 mg/mL, the extract showed no toxicity and that the LC50 obtained was 24 mg/mL. Results show that the C. nutans extract leaves used to prevent PQ damage were effective in reducing flies’ mortality and improving locomotor capacity. Conclusion. Our studies demonstrated for the first time that C. nutans crude leaf extract has high antioxidant capacity both in vitro and in vivo through different analysis techniques. These results make it possible to infer future applications in the pharmacological area, evidenced by the low toxicity observed in D. melanogatser, as well as the ability to neutralize different sources of RONS.

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