scholarly journals FEATURES OF ECOLOGY OF FICUS CARICA L. IN DAGHESTAN

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Aminat Radzhabovna GABIBOVA
Keyword(s):  
Practical Interest ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Northern Border ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Mediterranean

Ficus carica L. is one of the famous fruit trees from ancient times, which is grown all over the world. The wild fig plants are found from the Mediterranean to the Northwestern India. It is widely cultivated in the subtropical area such as the Mediterranean countries, Iran, Arabia, China, Japan, the USA (California) and Chile. The territory of Daghestan is the Northern border of distribution of the fig. This paper presents the ecological conditions of growing the fig populations in Daghestan. The results show large variability in the growing conditions of the fig plants in all the studied natural habitats. In five areas where the species F. carica L. grow in Daghestan, the plants show high intraspecific variability – the habitual polymorphism. Taking into account the fact that the fig in this region is located on the Northern border of its distribution and the fact that it is listed in the Red Book of Daghestan, the study of this species is of great scientific and practical interest.

Comparison of the Eating and Cooking Habits of Northern Europe and the Mediterranean Countries in the Past, Present and Future

2001 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doris Rumm-Kreuter
Keyword(s):  
Northern Europe ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Mediterranean Populations ◽  
Cereal Products ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
Strong Trend ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Mediterranean

It was already possible to demonstrate in the 50s that the Mediterranean countries have significantly less coronary heart disease than northern Europe and the USA and that this correlated closely with the diets of people in the Mediterranean region. Consequently, the traditional Mediterranean corresponds to the ideas of dietetics about a preventive diet with its high percentage of fruit, vegetables, cereal products legumes, olive oil and its slight share of animal products. However, an increase of the share of animal products can be detected in the diet of the Mediterranean populations with increasing wealth to the detriment of basic foodstuffs on a vegetable basis and their positive effects. This is reducing the preventive effect of the diet. The dietary situation is also becoming worse in northern Europe, which was already found to be unfavorable in the 60s. The reasons for this development can be found in the substantial socioeconomic changes throughout all of Europe over the past 40 years. A return or reversal to the Mediterranean way of eating would be desirable due to its positive effects. But the strong trend to convenience products and eating out is in opposition to this.

A new emergency for the Mediterranean fruit trees: detection and characterization of a fungal disease on fig (Ficus carica L.) in Sicily

2021 ◽  
pp. 267-274
Author(s):  
S. Di Silvestro ◽  
M.C. Strano ◽  
F. Ferlito ◽  
B. Torrisi ◽  
M. Allegra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fungal Disease ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals Moving towards a Healthier Dietary Pattern Free of Ultra-Processed Foods

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Rosa Casas
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Uk

In recent years, ultra-processed food (UPF) intake has increased worldwide, representing almost 60% of total dietary intake in several countries such as the USA and the UK, and around 17 to 24% in the Mediterranean countries, such as Spain and Italy, respectively [...]

scholarly journals Morphological and Pomological Diversity of Fig (Ficus carica L.) Cultivars in Northwest of Tunisia

ISRN Agronomy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Badii Gaaliche ◽  
Olfa Saddoud ◽  
Messaoud Mars
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Erosion ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Germplasm Characterization ◽  
Large Variability

The fig (Ficus carica L.) is one of the oldest fruit trees cultivated in Tunisia. Djebba region is located in the northwest of Tunisia. It is very famous by fig culture. Many specific fig genotypes are very appreciated locally and nationally. Taking into account these considerations, Djebba fig cultivars are subject of label products, namely, “Djebba figs.” This study was focused on fig germplasm characterization of 17 cultivars in Djebba region based on morphological and pomological traits. Results revealed a large variability within the local fig germplasms. The comprehensive analyses of all the data permitted to distinguish some particular genotypes as distinct cultivars, and groups of cultivars as polyclone varieties. It was possible to discriminate six distinct cultivars and two groups of multiclone varieties (Soltani and Thgagli) with different degrees of polymorphism. Hypotheses of homonymy and synonymy were suggested for some cultivars. The diversity is currently threatened by genetic erosion. Measure of conservation is necessary to be undertaken.

Spatial Distribution of Pre-Warm Front Rainfall in the Mediterranean Area

1988 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Corradini ◽  
F. Melone
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
Orographic Effects ◽  
Warm Front ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Convective Motions ◽  
Rainfall Type ◽  
The Mediterranean

Evidence is given of the distribution of pre-warm front rainfall at the meso-γ scale, together with a discussion of the main mechanisms producing this variability. An inland region in the Mediterranean area is considered. The selected rainfall type is commonly considered the most regular inasmuch as it is usually unaffected by extended convective motions. Despite this, within a storm a large variability in space was observed. For 90% of measurements, the typical deviations from the area-average total depth ranged from - 40 to 60 % and the storm ensemble-average rainfall rate over an hilly zone was 60 % greater than that in a contiguous low-land zone generally placed upwind. This variability is largely explained in terms of forced uplift of air mass over an envelope type orography. For a few storms smaller orographic effects were found in locations influenced by an orography with higher slopes and elevations. This feature is ascribed to the compact structure of these mountains which probably determines a deflection of air mass in the boundary layer. The importance of this type of analysis in the hydrological practice is also emphasized.

scholarly journals Association between the Mediterranean lifestyle, metabolic syndrome and mortality: a whole-country cohort in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Sotos-Prieto ◽  
Rosario Ortolá ◽  
Miguel Ruiz-Canela ◽  
Esther Garcia-Esquinas ◽  
David Martínez-Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract Background Evidence is limited about the joint health effects of the Mediterranean lifestyle on cardiometabolic health and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of the Mediterranean lifestyle with the frequency of the metabolic syndrome (MS) and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in Spain. Methods Data were taken from ENRICA study, a prospective cohort of 11,090 individuals aged 18+ years, representative of the population of Spain, who were free of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes at 2008–2010 and were followed-up to 2017. The Mediterranean lifestyle was assessed at baseline with the 27-item MEDLIFE index (with higher score representing better adherence). Results Compared to participants in the lowest quartile of MEDLIFE, those in the highest quartile had a multivariable-adjusted odds ratio 0.73 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.5, 0.93) for MS, 0.63. (0.51, 0.80) for abdominal obesity, and 0.76 (0.63, 0.90) for low HDL-cholesterol. Similarly, a higher MELDIFE score was associated with lower HOMA-IR and highly-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P-trend < 0.001). During a mean follow-up of 8.7 years, 330 total deaths (74 CVD deaths) were ascertained. When comparing those in highest vs. lowest quartile of MEDLIFE, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI) was 0.58 (0.37, 0.90) for total mortality and 0.33 (0.11, 1.02) for cardiovascular mortality. Conclusions The Mediterranean lifestyle was associated with lower frequency of MS and reduced all-cause mortality in Spain. Future studies should determine if this also applies to other Mediterranean countries, and also improve cardiovascular health outside the Mediterranean basin.

scholarly journals Family Meals, Conviviality and the Mediterranean Diet among Families with Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2499
Author(s):  
Andrea de la Torre-Moral ◽  
Sergi Fàbregues ◽  
Anna Bach-Faig ◽  
Albert Fornieles-Deu ◽  
F. Xavier Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Family Meals ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Family Meal ◽  
Food Pattern ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Meal Composition

Two aspects that characterize the Mediterranean diet (MD) are “what” and “how” we eat. Conviviality relates to “how” we eat and to the pleasure of sharing meals with significant people. The most studied concept is “family meals”, which includes conviviality, which involves “enjoying” family meals. Given the lack of research on convivial family meals in Mediterranean countries, the purpose of this qualitative study was to analyze the family meal representations and practices of families with 12- to 16-year-old adolescents to assess whether they responded to a pattern of conviviality, and to examine their association with MD adherence. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted and food frequency and family meal questionnaires were administered. A food pattern analysis was carried out and digital photos of meals were analyzed to examine eating habits and meal composition, respectively. The findings showed that parents believed family meals are a space for socialization and communication. Items relating to the conviviality of family meals identified in the study were meal frequency, meals at the table, lack of digital distractions, pleasant conversations, and time spent on family meals. Attention should be paid to conviviality in Mediterranean families when designing multi-approach strategies to promote healthy eating among adolescents.

scholarly journals Seasonal occurrence of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in southern Syria

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Mansour ◽  
Fater Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Mediterranean Fruit Fly ◽  
Diospyros Kaki ◽  
Population Fluctuations ◽  
Sampling Studies ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract Population fluctuations of the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly), Ceratitis capitata, were investigated between 1999 and 2001 at several locations representing fruit production areas in the southern part of Syria (Damascus Ghota, Zabadani, Sargaiah, Rankus, Orneh and Ain Al-Arab). Medfly adults were monitored weekly all year around using Jackson traps baited with trimedlure dispensers. Larvae were also sampled in Damascus Ghota by collecting fruits from ripe or ripening fruit trees and recording the number of larvae emerged from these fruits. In addition, suspected overwintering refuges were sampled at weekly intervals during the three coldest months of the year (December – February) and the number of collected larvae was recorded. The results of trap catches and fruit sampling studies showed a similar pattern of occurrence of medfly populations in the study areas, particularly in Damascus Ghota, during the three years of the study. In Damascus Ghota, flies were caught continuously from early June to late December with some variability between years. Two distinct periods of high fly activity were observed: the first one occurred in August and the second in November with a much higher amplitude. In general, seasonal fluctuations in the pattern of occurrence were influenced by differences in temperature and abundance of preferred host fruits. Traps on fig Ficus carica and oriental persimmon Diospyros kaki trees caught the highest numbers of flies, and fruits collected from these trees showed the highest level of infestation, reaching 100% for fig fruit late in the season. Sampling fruits (in Damascus Ghota) from trees during the three coldest months of the year showed that a small population of medfly larvae was able to survive winter conditions in prickly pear Opuntia vulgaris fruit left on the trees. In the other areas of the study (Zabadani, Sargaiah, Rankus, Orneh and Ain Al-Arab), only a few flies were caught.

Future water-related risks and management options in the Mediterranean basin 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianela Fader ◽  
Carlo Giupponi ◽  
Selmin Burak ◽  
Hamouda Dakhlaoui ◽  
Aristeidis Koutroulis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Climate And Environmental Change ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
The Future ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

&lt;p&gt;The presentation will summarize the main findings of the chapter &amp;#8220;Water&amp;#8221;[1] of the report &amp;#8220;Climate and Environmental Change in the Mediterranean Basin &amp;#8211; Current Situation and Risks for the Future&amp;#8221;. This report was published in November 2020 and prepared by 190 scientists from 25 countries, who belong to the scientific network &amp;#8220;Mediterranean Experts on Climate and Environmental Change&amp;#8221;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Water resources in the Mediterranean are scarce, unevenly distributed and often mismatching human and environmental needs. Approx. 180 million people in the southern and eastern Mediterranean countries suffer from water scarcity (&lt;1000 m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; capita&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; yr&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;). The main water use is for agriculture, and more specifically on the southern and eastern rim. Water demand for both tourism and agriculture peak in summer, potentially enhancing conflicts in the future. Municipal water use is particularly constrained in the south and will likely be exacerbated in the future by demographic and migration phenomena. Northern countries face additional risks in flood prone areas where urban settlements are rapidly increasing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Climate change, in combination with demographic and socio-economic developments, has mainly negative consequences for the water cycle in the Mediterranean Basin, including reduced runoff and groundwater recharge, increased crop water requirements, increased conflicts among users, and increased risk of overexploitation and degradation. These impacts will be particularly severe for global warming higher than 2&amp;#176;C.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adequate water supply and demand management offers some options to cope with risks. Technical solutions are available for improving water use efficiency and productivity, and increasing reuse. Seawater desalination is increasingly used as adaptation measure to reduce (potable) water scarcity in dry Mediterranean countries, despite known drawbacks in terms of environmental impacts and energy requirements. Promising solar technologies are under development, potentially reducing emissions and costs. Reuse of wastewater is a solution for agriculture and industrial activities but also recharge of aquifers. Inter-basin transfers may lead to controversies and conflicts. Construction of dams contributes to the reduction of water and energy scarcities, but with trade-offs in terms of social and environmental impacts.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Overall, water demand management, which increases water use efficiency and reduces water losses, is crucial for water governance for a sustainable development. Maintaining Mediterranean diet or coming back to it on the basis of locally produced foods and reducing food wastes may save water but also carbon emissions while having nutritional and health benefits.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;p&gt;[1] &lt;strong&gt;Fader M.&lt;/strong&gt;, Giupponi C., Burak S., Dakhlaoui H., Koutroulis A., Lange M.A., Llasat M.C., Pulido-Velazquez D., Sanz-Cobe&amp;#241;a A. (2020): Water. In: Climate and Environmental Change in the Mediterranean Basin &amp;#8211; Current Situation and Risks for the Future. First Mediterranean Assessment Report [Cramer W, Guiot J, Marini K (eds.)] Union for the Mediterranean, Plan Bleu, UNEP/MAP, Marseille, France, 57pp, in press. Download&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Abstract TP423: A Fast Assessment of Diet in Stroke (FADS)

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Dearborn ◽  
Haleigh Roach ◽  
Pooja Narwal ◽  
Meghan Peterson ◽  
Sameera Talegawkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Dietary Counseling ◽  
Men 2 ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Objectives: To design and validate a questionnaire to identify stroke patients with an unhealthy diet. Hypothesis: A simple questionnaire can accurately identify patients with dietary patterns associated with increased risk for vascular disease. Methods: An expert panel identified the components of a healthy diet thought to be important for secondary stroke prevention and drafted ten candidate survey questions. A focus group of four stroke patients (2 men, 2 women) from Yale New Haven Hospital reviewed the questions to refine the wording. From this group, the investigator chose five questions to create the Fast Assessment of Diet in Stroke (FADS) score. To validate the score, among 20 patients with acute ischemic stroke, we compared FADS score to the score on an established “gold standard” measure of adherence to the Mediterranean-type diet, the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS). The MDS has a range of 0 (lowest adherence to the diet) to 9 (highest adherence). We used ROC curve analysis to identify the FADS score with optimal performance. Based on population means in non-Mediterranean countries, we defined an unhealthy diet as an MDS score <4. Results and Conclusions: The mean MDS score in the population was 3.2 (range 2 to 5). 74% of participants were defined as having an unhealthy diet (MDS <4). The aROC was 0.77. A FADS score ≤3 had had the highest sum for sensitivity and specificity (sensitivity = 79%, specificity = 50%). However, for clinical purposes, a FADS score of <3 may be most effective in selecting patients who need dietary counseling (sensitivity = 46%, specificity = 100%). The FADS score takes less than 2 minutes to administer and accurately identifies stroke patients who need dietary counseling. The low sensitivity, however, indicates that further development is required and that testing against other established gold standards of dietary quality should be completed. This work is under way.

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