scholarly journals ASENSORY ATTRIBUTES AND FLAVONOID CONTENT OF HIMALAYAN RHODODENDRON ARBOREUM FLOWERS BASED TEA

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Rhododendron Arboreum

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF IN VITRO IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY OF RHODODENDRON ARBOREUM LEAVES

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Pramod Rawat ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Bachheti ◽  
Navin Kumar ◽  
Nishant Rai
Keyword(s):  
Ursolic Acid ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Rhododendron Arboreum ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Objectives: The objectives of this study are to analyze phytoconstituents in Rhododendron arboreum leaves (qualitatively and quantitatively) and to estimate the immunomodulatory effects of extracts using different in vitro methods for intracellular and phagocytic killing potency of neutrophils, which are subsequent, involved in the process of phagocytosis by neutrophils.Methods: R. arboreum leaves extracts were separately extracted in 100% methanol, 50% methanol, and aqueous by a hot percolation technique using Soxhlet apparatus and concentrated with a vacuum rotary evaporator apparatus. The percentage yield of the extracts wares calculated. The extract was used to analyze phytoconstituents qualitatively, and total phenolic and flavonoid content were estimated. In another study, already purified methanolic extract of R. arboreum leaves, namely cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS-3) (kaempferol), RAM fr2, and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS-10) (ursolic acid) was used to evaluate immunomodulatory activities by nitroblue tetrazolium test, phagocytosis of killed Candida albicans.Results: Phytochemical screening of the extracts showed the presence of major classes of phytochemicals, i.e., phytosterols, flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, carbohydrate, glycoside, sterols and steroids, terpenoids, and tannin while saponin was absent in all extract. The percent yield of leaves extract was 12.97%. Total phenolic content (TPC) expressed as gallic acid equivalents (GAE) ranged 1327.5±0.009 (in 100% methanolic extract), 1309.5±0.011 (in 50% methanolic), and 1468.5±0.006 mg GAE g−1 dry weight (in aqueous extract). Total flavonoid content expressed as rutin equivalents (RE) ranged 219±0.025 (in 100% methanolic extract), 184±0.02 (in 50% methanolic), and 262±0.58 mg (in aqueous extract) mg RE g−1 dry weight. R. arboreum purified extract CMS-3 (kaempferol), RAM fr2, and TMS-10 (ursolic acid) stimulated the neutrophils to phagocytic activity to the extent of 67.67±2.08%, 40.3±1.5%, and 79.67±0.57%, respectively. The above-said extracts stimulated the phagocytosis of killed C. albicans. The mean particle numbers for CMS- 3, RAM fr2, and TMS-10 were found to be 6.7, 6.3, and 7, respectively, at concentration 1 mg/ml.Conclusion: The phytochemical screening of all the extracts showed the presence of various phytochemicals that are biologically important. The total phenolic and flavonoid content of the plant are comparable to other medicinal plants. Even though the enormous progress on the phytochemistry and pharmacology of R. arboreum have been made, there still require more conclusive studies on the safety, efficacy, and in vivo toxicity of extracts and pure compounds to gain a better understanding.

Uşak İli’nden Toplanan Taxus Baccata (L) Türünün Metanol Ekstresinin Yaprak, Dal ve Meyvesinde Biyolojik Aktivitenin Belirlenmesi

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1533
Author(s):  
Yasemin Karafakıoglu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Taxus Baccata ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Different Parts

Taxus species in different parts of the world prevent the formation of hepatoprotective, anticoagulant, antiulcerogenic, anti-coagulant, antifungal and tumour cells. In this study, biological activity studies were performed on the leaves, branches and fruits of the methanol extract of Taxus baccata L. species collected from Sivaslı district of Uşak province. The methanol extract of the T.baccata species, the total amount of phenolic content of the sample was found to be 14.76 mg GAEQ/1g dry sample in the highest leaves. In T.baccata methanol extract, the maximum amount of flavonoid content was 0.468±mg QE/g dry sample. Antioxidant activity value as DPPH radical; % inhibition value was found as 93.21%. Based on the results; It can be concluded that the leaves of T.baccata have higher antioxidant activity than fruits and branches. Future studies need to explore the chemical components contained in the T.baccata species to determine and investigate in further detail.

Antioxidant capacity of hydroalcoholic extracts of Grewia serrulata DC and Grewia nervosa (Lour.) Panigrahi

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Mentham Ramesh ◽  
Chandu Babu Rao
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content

The current investigation is intended to evaluate the content of phytochemical constituents and antioxidant potential of hydroalcoholic extracts of stem and root of Grewia serrulata DC (HAESGS & HAERGS) and leaf and bark of Grewia Nervosa (Lour.) panigrahi (HAELGN & HAEBGN). Initially, all the extracts at different concentrations were estimated for their total phenolic content and total flavonoid content. The study was further extended for their antioxidant potential evaluation using various in vitro methods such as 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical scavenging assays. The total phenolic content (mg gallic acid equivalent per gram of extract) was high in HAELGN (170.82±0.19) and HAERGS (123.00±0.48) than HAESGS (111.2±0.26) and HAEBGN (119.60±0.23). The total flavonoid content (mg quercetin equivalent per gram) is greater in HAERGS (71.24±0.50) and HAESGS (65.68±0.27) than HAELGN (55.82±0.35) and HAEBGN (62.38±0.45). The IC50 values (µg/ml) of different plant extracts inferred that DPPH radical scavenging activity is greater in HAELGN (42.91±0.88) and HAEBGN (53.87±0.35) than HAESGS (126.73±1.20) and HAERGS (88.87±1.25). However, hydroxyl and superoxide radical scavenging activity is more in HAERGS (135.41±1.19 & 88.00±1.42) and HAELGN (172.28±1.91 & 108.163±1.09) than HAESGS (237.3±1.65 & 110.074±0.87) and HAEBGN (204.7±1.04 & 125.54±1.07). The results of present comprehensive analysis demonstrated that both the plants Grewia serrulata DC and Grewia Nervosa (Lour.) panigrahi possess high phenolic, flavonoid contents and potential antioxidant activity, and could be used as a valid source of natural antioxidants and might be utilized for pharmacological screening of various therapeutic activities. Keywords: Grewia serrulata; Grewia Nervosa; Total Phenolic content; Total flavonoid content; Antioxidant potential

FEEDBACK OF WATER STRESS ON WOOD PROPERTIES OF TREES: EXPERIMENTS WITH MISTLETOES ON RHODODENDRON ARBOREUM SM.

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan P. Devkota ◽  
Gerhard Glatzel
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Rhododendron Arboreum ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Infected Area ◽  
Anatomical Parameters

Effects of infection by the mistletoe Scurrula elata (Edgew.) Danser, on wood properties of its common host Rhododendron arboreum Sm., were studied in the Annapurna Conservation Area of Central Nepal Himalaya. Heavy infection by mistletoes invariably causes decline of the host. Infested branches show inhibition of growth, defoliation and eventual death of branch parts distal to the site of infection. Anatomical properties of wood were compared in samples of branches proximal to the infection and in uninfected branches. The hypothesis that infection induces changes in basic wood anatomy could not be proven. Vessel density, vessel area, percentage lumen area and mean vessel diameter of the wood of infested and uninfected branches did not show any significant differences. The studied anatomical parameters were not correlated to the diameter of the host branch. These results show that infection by S. elata did not cause any changes in basic wood anatomy of its host R. arboreum. It appears that the studied anatomical parameters of Rhododendron wood are fairly stable and are not changed by stress due to infection by mistletoes. The damage to the host distal to the infected area most likely results from an insufficiency of total conductive area to supply both mistletoe and host. Unfortunately we could not determine annual conductive area increment, because R arboreum does not develop usable annual tree rings in the climate of the study area. Key words: Himalayas, mistletoe. Rhododendron arboreum, Scurrula elata, water stress, wood anatomy. Ecoprint Vol.11(1) 2004.

Study of dietary supplements containing hawthorn extracts

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Vladimir Kurkin ◽  
Ilnur Shaykhutdinov ◽  
Olga Pravivtseva ◽  
Anna Kurkina ◽  
Maxim Egorov
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
The Russian Federation

In the Russian Federation, dietary supplements with hawthorn flowers (Crataegi flores) and berries (Crataegi fructus) are used as recommended supplements for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. We have conducted a study of the content of flavonoid amounts in popular dietary supplements containing hawthorn extracts. It has been found that total flavonoid content in medications is comparable to the therapeutic dosages in some cases.

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