Analysis of trends in physique and physical fitness in Korean adults

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Muscular Endurance ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
Cardiovascular Endurance ◽  
Maximum Decrease

Background and objective: This study aimed to investigate the changes and trends in various measures of physique and physical fitness in Korean adults from 2009 to 2017. Material and methods: The physique and physical fitness levels of 19,415 Korean adults aged 20-69 years were investigated using data from the Survey of National Physical Fitness conducted by the Korea Institute of Sport Science. Physical fitness variables included muscular strength (grip strength), muscular endurance (sit-up exercise), power (standing long jump), cardiovascular endurance (20-m shuttle run), and flexibility (sit and reach exercise). Differences between physique and physical fitness variables were evaluated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results were expressed as an intensification factor. Results: A significant relationship was identified between physique and physical fitness variables (P < 0.05), excluding power and flexibility (r = -0.003, P = 0.683). Height and weight increased in men and women in all age groups except those in the age group of 60-69 years; in this age group, a decrease in height was observed in men, and a decrease in weight was observed in both sexes. Men aged 40-49 years and women aged 20-29 years demonstrated a rapid increase in body mass index (BMI). Muscular strength decreased dramatically in both sexes from the age of 40 years. Muscular endurance increased within each age group, most significantly in men aged 60-69 years (32.01%) and women aged 50-59 years (21.0%). However, absolute muscular endurance decreased with age. Power increased significantly in men aged 60-69 years (5.61%) and women aged 20-29 years (2.60%), but decreased in men aged 40-49 years (-2.84%) and women aged 60-69 years (-1.89%). Cardiovascular endurance decreased after the age of 30 years in both sexes, with maximum decrease in men aged 40-49 years (-0.77%) and women aged 60-69 years (-9.33%). Flexibility decreased from the age of 30 years in both sexes: men aged 20-29 years (-24.25%) and women aged 30-39 years (-6.60%) showed the maximum decrease. Conclusion: Overall, the following trends were found: BMI increase is likely to occur in men in their 30s and 40s and women in their 60s; muscular strength rapidly decreases in men and women in their 40s; muscular endurance increases over time in men compared to that in women; power reinforcement exercise is necessary for both men and women in their 40s to overcome decreased power; cardiorespiratory endurance largely decreases during the 20s; and flexibility tends to decrease largely in men from the 20s to 40s. There is a correlation between physique and physical fitness in Korean adults. Moreover, the physical fitness level decreases with age. Regular exercise is recommended to improve physical fitness and prevent aging.

scholarly journals Association between Health-Related Physical Fitness and Respiratory Diseases in Adolescents: An Age- and Gender-Matched Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6655
Author(s):  
Jeong-Hui Park ◽  
Myong-Won Seo ◽  
Hyun Chul Jung ◽  
Jong-Kook Song ◽  
Jung-Min Lee
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
General Group ◽  
Cardiovascular Endurance ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Health Related ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Matched Study

The current study examined the differences in health-related physical fitness (HRPF), physical activity (PA), and sedentary behavior (SB) between adolescents with and without ongoing respiratory diseases (RD). This study’s participants were from 12 to 15 years old (7th–10th grade) in South Korea. Adolescents with RD were selected through RD-related questions (i.e., asthma, rhinitis, sinusitis, and bronchitis) (n = 139); in contrast, adolescents without RD, randomly selected from the general group, responded to any health problem-related questions as “No” (n = 139). HRPF was measured based on the FITNESSGRAM and EURO FIT test batteries and the measurements of HRPF included cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, and body composition. All statistical analyses were conducted by SPSS 25.0, and the independent t-test was used to compare the HRPF and PA between the two groups. Moreover, the measured HRPF was compared with a series of analyses of three-way ANOVAs (age × gender × group). Adolescents with RD had a positive association with less participation in PA (p < 0.05; RD: 3081.81 ± 4793.37; general: 2073.64 ± 3123.47) and with more time spent on SB (above 12 h per week: RD group (38.85%) and general group (33.09%)). Furthermore, adolescents in the RD group showed significant effects on all components of HRPF (p < 0.05). Our study confirmed that HRPF is an essential predictor of adolescents’ health outcomes, especially for those with RD. We suggest that increased HRPF can be an effective treatment for respiratory diseases in adolescents, and health practitioners should pay more attention to helping adolescents with RD to gain or maintain high HRPF.

scholarly journals European normative values for physical fitness in children and adolescents aged 9–17 years: results from 2 779 165 Eurofit performances representing 30 countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (22) ◽  
pp. 1445-1456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant R Tomkinson ◽  
Kevin D Carver ◽  
Frazer Atkinson ◽  
Nathan D Daniell ◽  
Lucy K Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Muscular Endurance ◽  
Muscular Power ◽  
Monitoring And Surveillance ◽  
Lms Method ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Apparently Healthy

ObjectiveTo develop sex-specific and age-specific normative values for the nine Eurofit tests in European children and adolescents aged 9–17 years.MethodsA systematic review was undertaken to identify papers that explicitly reported descriptive results for at least one of nine Eurofit tests (measuring balance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, muscular power, flexibility, speed, speed-agility and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF)) on children and adolescents. Data were included on apparently healthy (free from known disease/injury) children and adolescents aged 9–17 years. Following harmonisation for methodological variation where appropriate, pseudodata were generated using Monte Carlo simulation, with population-weighted sex-specific and age-specific normative centiles generated using the Lambda Mu Sigma (LMS) method. Sex-specific and age-specific differences were expressed as standardised differences in means, with the percentage of children and adolescents with healthy CRF estimated at the sex-age level.ResultsNorms were displayed as tabulated centiles and as smoothed centile curves for the nine Eurofit tests. The final dataset included 2 779 165 results on children and adolescents from 30 European countries, extracted from 98 studies. On average, 78% of boys (95% CI 72% to 85%) and 83% of girls (95% CI 71% to 96%) met the standards for healthy CRF, with the percentage meeting the standards decreasing with age. Boys performed substantially (standardised differences >0.2) better than girls on muscular strength, muscular power, muscular endurance, speed-agility and CRF tests, but worse on the flexibility test. Physical fitness generally improved at a faster rate in boys than in girls, especially during the teenage years.ConclusionThis study provides the largest and most geographically representative sex-specific and age-specific European normative values for children and adolescents, which have utility for health and fitness screening, profiling, monitoring and surveillance.

scholarly journals Physical activity of Poles in the care for their health potential before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Kamil Zaworski ◽  
Zofia Kubińska ◽  
Adrianna Dziewulska ◽  
Olga Walasek
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Strength Exercises ◽  
Gender And Age

Abstract Objective: The aim of this paper is to present the engagement of adult Poles in physical activity (PA) before and during the coronavirus pandemic, taking into consideration: frequency, duration and types of the activity depending on the gender and age of the participants. Methods: The study was conducted using an online survey questionnaire. 688 residents of Poland aged 18 to 58 (28.61±9.5) years old participated in the study. Results: A statistically significant decrease in the frequency of PA was noted in the group of men (p=0.0001) and in the age group of 39 to 58 years old. The analysis of the duration of a single PA before and during the pandemic has shown a statistically significant reduction in the workout time among both men and women and across all age groups (p=0.05). There was a statistically significant increase in the frequency of women undertaking flexibility exercises, e.g. yoga (p=0.000), as well as a decrease in marching and walks (p=0.003). Men significantly less frequently did strength exercises (p=0.002). Conclusions: During the pandemic, there was a statistically significant decrease in the frequency and duration of PA. The preferences of the participants as to the type of PA undertaken changed as well.

Gender Differences in Motor Performance of 50- to 79-Year-Old Adults

1993 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 939-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E. Rudisill ◽  
Tonya Toole
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Balance Task ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Long Jump

This study was conducted to assess gender and age differences among 73 men and women (50—59, 60—69, and 70—79 yr.) on five motor tasks (balance, standing long jump, sit and reach, hand grip, and Softball throw). Differences between men and women on the standing long jump, hand grip, and the Softball throw favored men. The men had better performance scores than the women on each of these tasks. An interaction of gender by age was noted on the balance task. Women 50—59 yr. old balanced significantly longer than the men of that age group. Age differences were found for the standing long jump, hand grip, and Softball throw. The 50—59 age group performed significantly better than the 60—69 and the 70—79 age groups Performance decreased on each task across age groups. These findings suggest gender differences in motor performance of older adults as has been noted for children.

Individuals with Visual Impairments: A Review of Psychomotor Behavior

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Skaggs ◽  
Chris Hopper
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychomotor Skills ◽  
Muscular Endurance ◽  
Fitness Evaluation ◽  
Cardiovascular Endurance ◽  
Evaluation Instruments

The present paper is a review of the psychomotor abilities of individuals with visual impairments. It was found that cardiovascular endurance, muscular endurance, flexibility, and balance were significantly lower in individuals with visual impairments than in individuals with nonimpaired sight. Differences were found in physical fitness and psychomotor skills among individuals with visual impairments. Those individuals with a later onset of blindness and greater visual acuity performed best. Segregated environments appeared to foster superior physical fitness and psychomotor skills compared to integrated environments. Findings indicated that some physical fitness evaluation instruments produce inaccurate results in testing individuals with visual impairments. Suggestions for future research are included.

scholarly journals Vegetable intake in Korea: data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1998, 2001 and 2005

2010 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 1499-1506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Sug Lee ◽  
Jeongseon Kim
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Consumption Ratio ◽  
Health And Nutrition

The purpose of the present study was to analyse vegetable intake by the Korean population based on different meal formats. Twenty-four-hour dietary recall data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used to assess daily vegetable intake and consumption ratio of vegetables for different meal types/dining locations. Analysis was stratified by sex and age group. Daily vegetable intake increased from 293·5 g in 1998 to 305·7 g in 2001 and to 335·9 g in 2005. Findings were similar in men and women, as well as in each age group. Analyses for each meal type revealed that vegetable intake during breakfast did not substantially change, but vegetable intake increased during lunch and dinner. While vegetable consumption ratio during breakfast decreased, it increased during lunch and snack time. Men and women showed similar change in the analysis for meal types and dining locations. There were some differences between the age groups in daily vegetable intake depending on the meal type. Another notable observation was the increasing change of vegetable intake during lunch and during meals eaten at cafeterias and restaurants in all the age groups. Analysis of vegetable consumption ratio showed an increased consumption in cafeterias, restaurants, and other places and decreased vegetable intake at home for those aged 16–64 years with time. Since this change may be related to improvements in socioeconomic status, it will be necessary to further investigate difference in vegetable intake based on socioeconomic levels within the population.

scholarly journals Nível de aptidão física de escolares do município de Mafra, SC / Physical fitness level in students in the city of Mafra, SC

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-73
Author(s):  
Jessica Fernanda Liz de Souza ◽  
Daniel Rogério Petreça ◽  
Ademir Flores
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Cardiovascular Endurance ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Endurance Tests ◽  
High Risk Situation ◽  
The City

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar os níveis de aptidão física relacionadas a saúde de escolares 5º ao 9º ano de duas escolas do município de Mafra. Esse manuscrito apresenta dados preliminares do projeto intitulado “Análise de Saúde do Escolar de Mafra” (ASESC). Para tanto, duas escolas da Rede Municipal de Ensino foram contempladas em uma população de 900 indivíduos obtendo uma amostra final de 255 escolares. Foram medidos e avaliados dados antropométricos de massa corporal, estatura, perímetro de cintura, dobras cutâneas de tríceps e panturrilha obtendo o índice de massa corporal (IMC) e o percentual de gordura.  Para os testes de aptidão física (flexibilidade, capacidade cardiorrespiratória e força) foram utilizados os propostos da Bateria de Testes do Projeto Esporte Brasil (teste de corrida e caminha dos 6 minutos; teste de sentar e alcançar; número de abdominais em 1 minuto). A amostra obteve uma média de idade de 12,6 (DP=1,24) anos sendo 48,6% (n=124) meninos e 51,4% (n=131) meninas. Dados de IMC revelaram que 27,5% estavam acima do peso. No perímetro de cintura 16,5% estavam em situação de risco e 45,4% encontravam-se com percentual de gordura acima do recomendado. O teste de flexibilidade revelou que 20,4% estavam em situação de risco e no teste de resistência de força 32,9%. No teste de aptidão cardiorrespiratória 35% foram avaliados abaixo do recomendado. Os dados revelam distúrbios da composição corporal e uma prevalência significativa de escolares com aptidão física relacionada à saúde abaixo do recomendado refletindo a necessidade de intervenções em saúde.ABSTRACTThis study aimed to evaluate the levels of health related physical fitness in students from 5th to 9th grade from two public schools in the city of Mafra. This manuscript introduces preliminary information about the project titled "Health Analysis of the Schools of Mafra" (ASESC). Therefore, two public schools from the municipal school system of Mafra have been included with a total of 900 subjects, obtaining a final sample of 255 students. Anthropometric data of body mass, height, waist circumference, triceps and calf skinfolds were measured and evaluated, obtaining body mass index (BMI) and percentage of fat. For the physical fitness tests (Flexibility, Cardiovascular Endurance and Strength), the battery test suggested by the Brazilian Sport Project (application of 6-minute-run / walk; sit-and-reach test) has been used. The sample has a mean age of 12.6 years old (DP01,24), being 48.6% (n = 124) boys and 51.4% (n = 131) girls. Classification based on BMI disclosed 27.5% were overweight. For the waist circumference, 16.5% were in the risk zone and 45.4% were above the appropriate percentage of fat. The Flexibility test disclosed that 20.4% were in a high-risk situation and in the test of strength endurance 32.9%. In the cardiovascular endurance tests, 35% were rated below the suitable level. The data on the achievements reveal disorders of body composition and a significant prevalence of students with health-related physical fitness below the recommended level, which reflects the need for health interventions.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF CARDIOVASCULAR ENDURANCE AND SPEED BETWEEN URBAN AND RURAL FEMALE STUDENTS OF BAHAUDDIN ZAKARIYA UNIVERSITY PAKISTAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-366
Author(s):  
Syed Muhammad Ghufran Hadier Hamdani ◽  
QingZhong He ◽  
Syeda Urooj Fatima Hamdani ◽  
Syed Muhammad Zeeshan Haider Hamdani ◽  
Syed Muhammad Danish Haider Hamdani
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Urban Girls ◽  
Speed Test ◽  
Cardiovascular Endurance ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
Urban Rural

The purpose of the present study was to determine which group of female students urban/rural has better physical fitness performance in tests. Samples comprised of 72 females’ students (36 urban and 36 rural), this represented 10% of the population from each school of Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Pakistan. Two physical Fitness components: speed and cardiovascular endurance were assessed using 60 Meters Speed test for speed and Harward Step Test for cardiovascular endurance. Descriptive Statistics examine the characteristics of the samples and Independent ‘t’ test was employed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software. The results indicated that urban girls’ performance was superior to the rural girls in speed (9.29Mean) and cardiovascular endurance (5.97Mean) in both physical fitness tests urban girls’ physical fitness level was higher. The findings of this study proved that the results of this study are unique and shows that urban girls have more physical fitness trend than urban girls, moreover it was also discovered for future studies that the cultural, social and living environment had a great impact on the physical fitness of females in Pakistan.

scholarly journals Secular Trends in Lipid Profiles in Korean Adults Based on the 2005–2015 KNHANES

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 2555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Jin Kwon ◽  
Jae-Woo Lee ◽  
Hee-Taik Kang
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Specific Analysis ◽  
Lowering Drug ◽  
Policies And Programs

Dyslipidemia is a primary, critical risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Therefore, evaluating the trends in lipid profiles is crucial for the development of health policies and programs. We studied trends in lipid profiles in Korean adults over an 11-year period according to the use of lipid-lowering medications through age-specific analysis. A total of 73,890 participants were included in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (2005)-VI (2013–2015). The proportion of participants on lipid-lowering medications has increased. This trend was apparent in age groups of over 40 years in both men and women. Lipid-lowering medications successfully reduced mean total cholesterol (TC), but there was no favorable trend in TC in participants not taking lipid-lowering medication in both men and women. Unlike men, triglyceride and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) decreased in women without lipid-lowering medications. In age-specific hypercholesterolemia, the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia significantly increased in the age groups of 30–59 and 30–49 years in men and women without lipid-lowering medications, respectively. Meanwhile, mean HDL-C levels increased over the 11-year period regardless of lipid-lowering drug use in both men and women. These analyses identified an upward trend in TC and HDL-C over the 11-year period.

Accelerated melanoma mortality rates among middle-aged white males with tumors of all thicknesses.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21029-e21029
Author(s):  
Juliana Berk-Krauss ◽  
David Polsky ◽  
Jennifer Stein ◽  
Alan Geller
Keyword(s):  
White Women ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
White Men ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Melanoma Mortality

e21029 Background: Effective early detection of melanoma remains one of the most crucial strategies in improving patient prognosis, due to the inverse relationship between primary tumor thickness and survival time. However, recent studies have demonstrated the mortality burden of thin melanomas is at least as severe as that of thicker melanomas. Recognizing specific mortality trends among men and women by age and thickness is essential for establishing targeted melanoma screening efforts. Methods: We evaluated Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) data from 2009-2013. Melanoma thickness was divided into four standard categories: 0.01-1.00mm, 1.01-2.00mm, 2.01-4.00mm and > 4.01 mm. Melanoma mortalities were calculated among white men and women by age and thickness. We used a Bayesian analysis to calculate the probability of an individual dying from a melanoma of a given gender, age, and thickness. We then compared these probabilities between men and women. Results: Among white men, the largest increases in mortality rates occurred in the jump from the 45-49 to 50-54 age group at an increase of 68% for 0.01-1.00mm tumors, and from the 50-54 to 55-59 age group at an increase of 91% for 1.01-2.00mm tumors, 71% 2.01-4.00mm tumors and 80% for > 4.01mm tumors. In white women, mortality rates regardless of thickness increased at a slow incremental pace, across all age groups at an average overall rate of 36%. Mortality rates for white men with < 1mm and 1.01-2mm melanomas were comparable within the age groups less than 64 years, as was the case for white women with tumors of these thicknesses. The probability of a man dying was greater than of a woman for any age or thickness category. Conclusions: Melanoma mortality rate trends are nuanced and can vary significantly by age, thickness, and gender. In white men, mortality rates begin to accelerate sharply around the mid-50s age group. Screening efforts should therefore target detecting melanoma in middle-aged males in the in situ or earliest stage.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document