scholarly journals Analysis of COVID-19 M Protein for Possible Clues Regarding Virion Stability, Longevity and Spreading

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saam Hasan ◽  
Muhammad Maqsud Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Time Span ◽  
M Protein ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Envelope Membrane ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Viral Structure ◽  
Virion Structure

The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 or COVID-19 has been the cause of a global pandemic in 2020. With the numbers infected rising well above a 100,000 and confirmed deaths above 4000, it has become the paramount health concern for the global community at present. The COVID-19 genome has since been sequenced and its predicted proteome identified. In this study, we looked at the expected COVID-19 proteins and compare them to its close relative, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus. In particular we focussed on the M protein which is known to play a significant role in the virion structure of Coronaviruses. The rationale here was that since the major risk factor associated with COVID-19 was its ease of spread, we wished to focus on the viral structure and architecture to look for clues that may indicate structural stability, thus prolonging the time span for which it can survive free of a host. As a result of the study, we found some rather interesting differences between the M protein for COVID-19 and the SARS-CoV virus M protein. This included amino acid changes from non-polar to polar residues in regions important for anchoring the protein in the envelope membrane.

scholarly journals Hypothesis: Relationship between Coronavirus Disease-19 and Periodontal status

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Shruti S. Ligade ◽  
Yogita S. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Hypoxic Condition ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Multifactorial Disease ◽  
Microbial Dysbiosis ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Systemic Pathology

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic affecting 185 countries and >18.8 million patients worldwide as of July 2020. COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-2) and majorly manifesting as a hypoxic condition in the affected patients. It has shown to multiply rapidly among patients showing other debilities, majorly hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Periodontitis is defined as a multifactorial disease predominantly governed by microbial dysbiosis and having risk factors as the presence of systemic pathology, decline in immunity, and increased stress. Keeping these factors as a plausible threat for periodontitis, there can be a postulation made that periodontitis can act as a probable risk factor for COVID-19. Limited resources and novelty of the disease hold back any confirmation of the co-relation.

scholarly journals Dengue infection during Covid-19 pandemic: A challenge for case management

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-146
Author(s):  
Md Asaduzzaman Miah
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

The coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) has been caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) that declared as an global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO).1,2 This ongoing pandemic causes devastation across the world while multiple countries have been facing with another outbreak- Dengue, a known tropical disease.3 Dengue is the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral infection, also considered as a major public health concern. During COVID-19 pandemic, the increasing incidence of dengue become a further threat especially in the dengue-endemic countries of Southeast Asia and Latin America.4 The global burden of dengue is dynamic,  estimated 50 million real cases per year  across  approximately 100 countries.5 Currently, most of the countries are fighting against COVID-19, therefore, further outbreak of dengue has been posed a number of practical challenges to combat the diseases simultaneously. As dengue cases have been increased during Covid-19 pandemic, both SARS‑CoV‑2 and dengue viruses are co-existing and co-circulating in the environment. Consequently, patients with SARS‑CoV‑2 and dengue co-infection has been reported recently in several countries like Singapore, Thailand, India, and Bangladesh.6-9 Hence, it is speculated that the co-infection cases will be increased and found in another countries in the upcoming days when dengue season goes in its peak. Currently, multiple countries in South America like Brazil, Paraguay, Colombia, Argentina, Bolivia are suffering seriously from co-epidemics of dengue and Covid-19.4 Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2020; 46(2): 145-146

The relevance of dietetic approach of Ayurveda from the perspective of COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 748-752
Author(s):  
Swapnali Khabade ◽  
Bharat Rathi ◽  
Renu Rathi
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Healthy Person ◽  
World Health ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Individual

A novel, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causes severe acute respiratory syndrome and spread globally from Wuhan, China. In March 2020 the World Health Organization declared the SARS-Cov-2 virus as a COVID- 19, a global pandemic. This pandemic happened to be followed by some restrictions, and specially lockdown playing the leading role for the people to get disassociated with their personal and social schedules. And now the food is the most necessary thing to take care of. It seems the new challenge for the individual is self-isolation to maintain themselves on the health basis and fight against the pandemic situation by boosting their immunity. Food organised by proper diet may maintain the physical and mental health of the individual. Ayurveda aims to promote and preserve the health, strength and the longevity of the healthy person and to cure the disease by properly channelling with and without Ahara. In Ayurveda, diet (Ahara) is considered as one of the critical pillars of life, and Langhana plays an important role too. This article will review the relevance of dietetic approach described in Ayurveda with and without food (Asthavidhi visheshaytana & Lanhgan) during COVID-19 like a pandemic.

The Unparalleled Growth of COVID-19 Publications (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Fontelo ◽  
Mrigendra Bastola ◽  
Craig Locatis ◽  
Fang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Us ◽  
International Collaborative ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Collaborative Publishing

UNSTRUCTURED The global pandemic of COVID-19 has generated an unprecedented number of research papers from clinicians and scientists worldwide. We searched PubMed for articles on coronaviruses from 1970 to June 2020. Surges of publications occurred in 2003 from SARS and, again in 2012 from MERS. Although the name COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was only announced by WHO in February 2020, the number of publications has already exceeded 16000 by June this year. China and the US lead in publications, but a significant number also come from countries hardest hit by the illness. International collaborative publishing is significant. Since these publications are generally free to access worldwide, it provides a rich evidence base for clinicians and scientists combatting the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals KI and WU Polyomavirus in Respiratory Samples of SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1259
Author(s):  
Carla Prezioso ◽  
Ugo Moens ◽  
Giuseppe Oliveto ◽  
Gabriele Brazzini ◽  
Francesca Piacentini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Cycle Threshold ◽  
Viral Interference ◽  
Disease Outcomes ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Wu Polyomavirus ◽  
Washington University

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been declared a global pandemic. Our goal was to determine whether co-infections with respiratory polyomaviruses, such as Karolinska Institutet polyomavirus (KIPyV) and Washington University polyomavirus (WUPyV) occur in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Oropharyngeal swabs from 150 individuals, 112 symptomatic COVID-19 patients and 38 healthcare workers not infected by SARS-CoV-2, were collected from March 2020 through May 2020 and tested for KIPyV and WUPyV DNA presence. Of the 112 SARS-CoV-2 positive patients, 27 (24.1%) were co-infected with KIPyV, 5 (4.5%) were positive for WUPyV, and 3 (2.7%) were infected simultaneously by KIPyV and WUPyV. Neither KIPyV nor WUPyV DNA was detected in samples of healthcare workers. Significant correlations were found in patients co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 and KIPyV (p < 0.05) and between SARS-CoV-2 cycle threshold values and KIPyV, WUPyV and KIPyV and WUPyV concurrently detected (p < 0.05). These results suggest that KIPyV and WUPyV may behave as opportunistic respiratory pathogens. Additional investigations are needed to understand the epidemiology and the prevalence of respiratory polyomavirus in COVID-19 patients and whether KIPyV and WUPyV could potentially drive viral interference or influence disease outcomes by upregulating SARS-CoV-2 replicative potential.

scholarly journals Surge of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections linked to single introduction of a virus strain in Myanmar, 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Myat Htut Nyunt ◽  
Hnin Ohnmar Soe ◽  
Kay Thi Aye ◽  
Wah Wah Aung ◽  
Yi Yi Kyaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Genomic Epidemiology ◽  
Local Spread ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Local Transmission

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a major health concern globally. Genomic epidemiology is an important tool to assess the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Several mutations have been reported by genome analysis of the SARS-CoV-2. In the present study, we investigated the mutational and phylogenetic analysis of 30 whole-genome sequences for the virus's genomic characteristics in the specimens collected in the early phase of the pandemic (March–June, 2020) and the sudden surge of local transmission (August–September, 2020). The four samples in the early phase of infection were B.6 lineage and located within a clade of the samples collected at the same time in Singapore and Malaysia, while five returnees by rescue flights showed the lineage B. 1.36.1 (three from India), B.1.1 (one from India) and B.1.80 (one from China). However, there was no evidence of local spread from these returnees. Further, all 19 whole-genome sequences collected in the sudden surge of local transmission showed lineage B.1.36. The surge of the second wave on SARS-CoV-2 infection was linked to the single-introduction of a variant (B.1.36) that may result from the strict restriction of international travel and containment efforts. These genomic data provides the useful information to disease control and prevention strategy.

scholarly journals A case of SLE with COVID-19 and multiple infections

Open Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1054-1060
Author(s):  
Ruoqi Ning ◽  
Silu Meng ◽  
Fangxu Tang ◽  
Chong Yu ◽  
Dong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Suspected Infection ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Chronic Use

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic, which is induced by infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are susceptible to infections due to the chronic use of immunosuppressive drugs and the autoimmune disorders. Now we report a case of SLE infected with SARS-CoV-2, influenza A virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae concurrently. The patient used hydroxychloroquine and prednisone chronically to control the SLE. After infection of SARS-CoV-2, she was given higher dose of prednisone than before and the same dosage of hydroxychloroquine. Besides, some empirical treatments such as antiviral, antibiotic and immunity regulating therapies were also given. The patient finally recovered from COVID-19. This case indicated that hydroxychloroquine may not be able to fully protect SLE patient form SARS-CoV-2. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapies and increased dose of corticosteroids might be adoptable for patient with both COVID-19 and SLE. Physicians should consider SARS-CoV-2 virus test when SLE patient presented with suspected infection or SLE flare under the epidemic of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Rapid, sensitive, full genome sequencing of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Virus Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clinton R Paden ◽  
Ying Tao ◽  
Krista Queen ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Sanger Sequencing ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Full Genome ◽  
Miseq Sequencing ◽  
Genomic Information ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Full Genome Sequencing ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Global Pandemic

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 recently emerged, resulting a global pandemic. Rapid genomic information is critical to understanding transmission and pathogenesis. Here, we describe validated protocols for generating high-quality full-length genomes from primary samples. The first employs multiplex RT-PCR followed by MinION or MiSeq sequencing. The second uses singleplex, nested RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing.

scholarly journals Integrative multi-omics landscape of non-structural protein 3 of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruona Shi ◽  
Zhenhuan Feng ◽  
Xiaofei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Cellular Effects ◽  
Cellular Changes ◽  
Global Pandemic

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is currently a global pandemic. Extensive investigations have been performed to study the clinical and cellular effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics studies have revealed the cellular changes due to the infection and identified a plethora of interactors for all SARS-CoV-2 components, except for the longest non-structural protein 3 (NSP3). Here, we expressed the full-length NSP3 proteins of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 to investigate their unique and shared functions using multi-omics methods. We conducted interactome, phosphoproteome, ubiquitylome, transcriptome, and proteome analyses of NSP3-expressing cells. We found that NSP3 plays essential roles in cellular functions such as RNA metabolism and immune response such as NF-kB signal transduction. Interestingly, we showed that SARS-CoV-2 NSP3 has both endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial localizations. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 NSP3 is more closely related to mitochondrial ribosomal proteins, whereas SARS-CoV NSP3 is related to the cytosolic ribosomal proteins. In summary, our multi-omics studies of NSP3 enhance our understanding of the functions of NSP3 and offer valuable insights for the development of anti-SARS strategies.

Micronutrients and Infection with COVID-19: A Critical Mini-Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Yaghtin ◽  
Richard Webb ◽  
Sayyed Saeid Khayyatzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Low Serum

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been the cause of a global pandemic. Given the impact of nutritional status upon immune function, it is crucial to understand the relationship between micronutrient intake and severity of the disease. This mini-review aimed to summarize the known associations between specific micronutrients (vitamin A, D, E, C and zinc, selenium and magnesium) and the health of coronavirus-infected patients. Low serum levels of these micronutrients are associated with the incidence and severity of SARS-CoV-2. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the outcomes of supplementation with these nutrients.

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