Studi Histokimia Usus Biawak Air (Varanus salvator bivittatus) (Reptil: Varanidae)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahfud Mahfud ◽  
Ernawati
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Sample ◽  
Histological Section ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Monitor Lizard ◽  
Varanus Salvator ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin ◽  
Paraffin Method

Biological information, behaviour and suitable habitat of water monitor was very less in order to support its maintenance management and breeding efforts. One of important information is the information of digestive tract, particularly the information about the structure of intestine tissue of water monitor. Sample in this research was intestine organ of water monitor. The animal was anesthetized, exanguinated, and fixed in paraformaldehyde 4% by tissue perfusion method. The intestine tissue sample for histological section with paraffin method was cutted with 3-4 μm thick and coloured with hematoxylin eosin (HE). Observation were performed to the structure of intestine histology. The results was analysed descriptively and presented in figures. Monitor lizard intestine consist of small intestine and large intestine. The small intestinal wall was observed similar to jejunum and ileum. The large intestinal wall was composed of transitional ephytelia and connective tissue. However, the ephytelial layer in this tissue was composed of transitional ephytelia that similar to vesica urinaria and there are no villi.

scholarly journals STUDI ANATOMIS DAN HISTOLOGIS PANKREAS BIAWAK AIR (Varanus salvator) (Anatomical and Histological Study of the Pancreas of Water Monitor Lizard (Varanus salvator))

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamny Hamny ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal ◽  
Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Mustafa Sabri ◽  
M. Jalaluddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histological Study ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Ventral Lobe ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Dorsal Lobe ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Monitor Lizard ◽  
Oval Form ◽  
Varanus Salvator ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin

The aim of this research was to determine the anatomy and histology of pancreas of water monitor lizard (Varanus salvator). Two pancreas were used in this research (a male and a female). Water monitor lizard was euthanized using chloroform and subsequently necropsied to collect the pancreas. The pancreas was washed in 0.9 % NaCl solution. Anatomical observations were carried out including location, shape, and color of pancreas, also the length and weight measurements. Then, pancreas was fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for 7 days to proceed to histological preparation and hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining. The results of the anatomical observations showed that pancreas of water monitor lizard have two lobes, dorsal lobe (splenic lobe) and ventral lobe (duodenal lobe). Dorsal lobe which was in oval form adhered with the spleen, and ventral lobe was located in the cranial of intestines with the form of long spherical. Both of pancreas lobes were white-yellow color with the length of 1.45±0.64 cm (dorsal lobe) and 7.00±0.42 cm (ventral lobe). Weight of dorsal lobe was 0.15±0.01 g and ventral lobe was 6.35±2.30 g. The histological observations found the acinar cells, ducts, and blood vessels in both of pancreas lobes. Additionally, the similar structure of Langerhans islet only found at the ventral lobe of pancreas. In conclusion, pancreas of water monitor lizard consists of two lobes which located differently. Ventral lobe is larger than the dorsal lobe. Both lobes have similar histological structure except the Langerhans islets are only appeared in the ventral lobe.

scholarly journals Histological Structure of Varanus Salvator Intestine

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 121-124
Author(s):  
Risti Widyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Histological Observation ◽  
Monitor Lizard ◽  
The Family ◽  
Varanus Salvator ◽  
Paraffin Method ◽  
Muscularis Externa

Varanus salvator is a common species in Indonesia. This animal is known as the water lizard, who is a member of the family Varanidae or known as the monitor lizard. This research aims to find out histological structure of Varanus salvator intestine. Histological observation was carried out by making histological preparations using the paraffin method. The results of this study were analyzed in a comparative descriptive manner through observation in a microscope and transverse photo histology preparations using a camera. The results of this study indicate that the intestinal histological structure of Varanus salvator consists of Serosa (Sr), Muscle layer (Ml), Muscularis externa (Me), Submucosa (Sm), Mucosa (M), Blood Vessel (Bv) dan Lamina Propria (Lp).

scholarly journals Histological Structure of the Varanus Salvator Kidney

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 117-119
Author(s):  
Ida Khoirunnisa’
Keyword(s):  
Proximal Convoluted Tubule ◽  
Distal Convoluted Tubule ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Physics Laboratory ◽  
Monitor Lizard ◽  
Varanus Salvator ◽  
Monitor Lizards ◽  
Bowman's Capsule ◽  
Paraffin Method

Varanus salvator is known as the monitor lizard. This animal is a subspecies of endemic Indonesian monitor lizards which is only found in Java, Bali and Nusa Tenggara (except Timor Island). This study aims to determine the histological structure of the monitor lizard (Varanus salvator). The research was carried out for two months starting from September 2019 to October 2019 at the Animal Physics Laboratory and Zoology of UIN Sunan Kalijaga. The method used is the paraffin method. The results of the study were analyzed in a comparative descriptive manner by observation through a microscope and then taken using a camera. Based on the results of studies lizards (Varanus salvator) have distal convoluted tubule, proximal convoluted tubule, glomerulus, medullary ray and bowman’s capsule.

Anatomi Saluran Pencernaan biawak air (Varanus salvator) (Reptil: Varanidae)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahfud Mahfud ◽  
Ihwan
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Animal Population ◽  
Varanus Salvator ◽  
Commercial Purpose ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Biology Laboratory

Excessive hunting and poaching for commercial purpose of Varanus salvator in Indonesia can cause a decline in this animal population. However, the scientific information of this animal especially about the biologic of organ system is rarely reported. Therefore, this case opens up opportunities for researching, which aims to study the anatomy of digestive tract of water monitor macroscopically. This research has been conducted in Biology Laboratory, University of Muhammadiyah Kupang for 5 months from March to August 2016. The digestive organ of this animal that has been preserved in alcohol 70% was obtained before from two males of water monitors. Preservation process: the animal were anesthetized, exsanguinated, and fixated in 4 paraformaldehyde by tissue perfusion method. Observations were performed to the visceral site and morphometrical of digestive tract. The resulted data was analysed descriptively and presented in tables and figures. The digestive tract of water monitor consist of esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and cloaca. The dimension of each organ is different based on its structures and functions. The esophagus of water monitor connects the mouth cavity and the stomach and also as the entrance of food to the stomach. Water monitor stomach were found in cranial part of abdomen, in left side of liver. The small intestine was longer than stomach and it is a winding muscular tube in abdomen in posterior side of liver. The large intestine consist of colon and cloaca, while cecum was not found. This channel was extend lateromedially in abdomen to cloaca between left and right kidneys. The cloaca was the end of digestive tract which excreted feces and urine. From this research, we can conclude that the digestive tract of water monitor consists of esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. It’s difficult to differentiate small intestine and large intestine because there are no cecum.

Anticancer Properties of Asian Water Monitor Lizard (Varanus salvator), Python (Malayopython reticulatus) and Tortoise (Cuora kamaroma amboinensis)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 1558-1570
Author(s):  
Shareni Jeyamogan ◽  
Naveed A. Khan ◽  
Kuppusamy Sagathevan ◽  
Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Cells ◽  
Monitor Lizard ◽  
Varanus Salvator ◽  
Asian Water

Background: Cancer contributes to significant morbidity and mortality despite advances in treatment and supportive care. There is a need for the identification of effective anticancer agents. Reptiles such as tortoise, python, and water monitor lizards are exposed to heavy metals, tolerate high levels of radiation, feed on rotten/germ-infested feed, thrive in unsanitary habitat and yet have prolonged lifespans. Such species are rarely reported to develop cancer, suggesting the presence of anticancer molecules/mechanisms. Methods: Here, we tested effects from sera of Asian water monitor lizard (Varanus salvator), python (Malayopython reticulatus) and tortoise (Cuora kamaroma amboinensis) against cancer cells. Sera were collected and cytotoxicity assays were performed using prostate cancer cells (PC3), Henrietta Lacks cervical adenocarcinoma cells (HeLa) and human breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF7), as well as human keratinized skin cells (Hacat), by measuring lactate dehydrogenase release as an indicator for cell death. Growth inhibition assays were performed to determine the effects on cancer cell proliferation. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry was performed for molecular identification. Results: The findings revealed that reptilian sera, but not bovine serum, abolished viability of Hela, PC3 and MCF7 cells. Samples were subjected to liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, which detected 57 molecules from V. salvator, 81 molecules from Malayopython reticulatus and 33 molecules from C. kamaroma amboinensis and putatively identified 9 molecules from V. salvator, 20 molecules from Malayopython reticulatus and 9 molecules from C. kamaroma amboinensis when matched against METLIN database. Based on peptide amino acid composition, binary profile, dipeptide composition and pseudo-amino acid composition, 123 potential Anticancer Peptides (ACPs) were identified from 883 peptides from V. salvator, 306 potential ACPs from 1074 peptides from Malayopython reticulatus and 235 potential ACPs from 885 peptides from C. kamaroma amboinensis. Conclusion: To our knowledge, for the first time, we reported comprehensive analyses of selected reptiles’ sera using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, leading to the identification of potentially novel anticancer agents. We hope that the discovery of molecules from these animals will pave the way for the rational development of new anticancer agents.

scholarly journals Lung Histopathology of Laying Hens Infected by Colibacillosis in the Animal Cages Experiments of the Disease Investigation Center 6, Denpasar, Bali

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Kadek Ayu Trisna Yanti ◽  
Iriani Setyawati ◽  
Ni Putu Adriani Astiti
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Lung Histopathology ◽  
Live Stock ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin ◽  
Paraffin Method ◽  
Neutral Buffer Formalin

This study aimed to determine the lungs histopathology of laying hens (Gallus gallus domesticus) at the Animal Cage Experiments in the Disease Investigation Center 6, Directorate General of Live Stock (DIC-6 DGLS), Denpasar, Bali, which died from colibacillosis infection. Sample of lungs were cut transversely then put into 10% of Neutral Buffer Formalin, then processed histologically by paraffin method and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin. Observation under microscope (magnification 100x and 400x) was done for histopathological examination. Laying hens died from colibacillosis infection showed that their lungs were infected by colibacillosis, and there were found 62.50% of necrosis, 75% of inflammatory cells infiltration and 80% of hemorrhage in the lungs.

scholarly journals Histological Inflammation in Human Ureter either Healthy or Fitted with Double-Pigtail Stent or a Thin 0.3 F Suture Thread: A Preliminary Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Benoît Vogt ◽  
Ilham Chokri
Keyword(s):  
Histological Section ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Suture Thread ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Pigtail Stent ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin ◽  
Human Ureter ◽  
Inflammation Score

Background. Ureteral stent intolerance reduces patients’ quality of life. It has been suggested that changes in the shape of stents could decrease discomfort. In previous studies, the innovative pigtail-suture stent (i.e., JFil® or MiniJFil®) with a thin 0.3 F suture thread significantly decreased stent-related symptoms. Fortuitously, a dilation of the ureter containing the sutures was discovered. In addition, no inflammation was seen on the ureter wall around the suture in endoscopy. In this preliminary study, we assessed ureteral inflammation in the human ureter when it was healthy or when fitted with a double-pigtail stent or a thread. Materials and Methods. After consent and inclusion of patients in the protocol, fifteen segments of ureters were collected during cystectomy procedures for bladder tumors. Ureteral inflammation was assessed on the histological section stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Histological grading (cumulative range of 0 to 6) assessing inflammation was performed on the ureter section for mucosa inflammation and inflammation in the muscle layer. Results. A marked ureteral inflammatory reaction was observed in all cases of ureters fitted with a double-pigtail stent with a mean inflammation score of 4.8 ± 0.4. The ureter fitted with the thin suture thread showed inflammation in only one case with a mean inflammation score of 1.8 ± 1.3 p=0.001. Conclusion. Although the study was limited by the small number of patients, it confirmed that the double-pigtail stent induced ureteral inflammation in all cases and the thin 0.3 F suture thread caused less ureteral inflammation than the double-pigtail stent. The concept of material reduction within the urinary tract seems necessary in order to decrease mucosal irritation. The JFil® or the MiniJFil® thread could meet this requirement.

scholarly journals Study of Shark Kidney Histology (Carcharhinus sorrah)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 67-69
Author(s):  
Zakia Darajat
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Observation ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Cartilaginous Fish ◽  
Proximal Tubules ◽  
Bony Fishes ◽  
Distal Tubules ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin ◽  
Paraffin Method

Shark is a fish widespread in the tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean with a depth of 75 to 130 meters. Shark is a cartilaginous fish (Elasmobranchii). The fish is an ancient animal species that are still alive and also have different characteristics with bony fishes. Research on the histology of the shark's kidneys is still rare. The purpose of this study was to describe the histology of the shark kidneys (Carcharhinus sorrah). In this study we used one individual shark (Carcharhinus sorrah) from Depok Beach, Yogyakarta. The method used in this research was paraffin method with Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. From microscopic observation, the kidneys consist of glomerular parts, proximal tubules, distal tubules and lymphoid tissue.

scholarly journals Anatomy of the Male Reproductive Organ of Water Monitor Lizard, Varanus salvator bivittatus (Reptil: Varanidae)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
mahfud
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Reproductive Organ ◽  
Male Reproductive Organ ◽  
Monitor Lizard ◽  
Varanus Salvator ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
Male Reproductive Organs ◽  
Monitor Lizards ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Asian Water

One of the majority species of Varanidae is Varanus salvator or which commonly known as water monitor lizards (water monitor) or Asian water monitor lizard. This species is the most widely spread out of the all varanids. In Indonesia, V. salvator are distributed in almost all islands, from Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, Maluku and Flores. Subspecies V. s. bivittatus was found only in Java, Bali and South East Islands [1]. The information on reproductive biological aspects of the V. s. bivittatus, especially the male reproductive organs is limited. Therefore, the study was aim to explore the male reproductive organs system of V. s. bivittatus that focused on macroscopic evaluation. Two adult male lizards with 45.60 cm SVL from Bogor area were used in this study. The lizard were anesthetized and exanguinated to sacrifice and fixed in 4 % paraformaldehyde through perfusion then followed by visceral observation and morphometric carefully measurement. All the observation finding and collected data were analyzed descriptively and presented in the form of tables and figures. Morphometric data were tabulated in the form of the average (mean) ± standard deviation (SD). Male reproductive organs of the V. s. bivittatus were generally similar to other reptiles such as snakes and lizards, with characteristics a pair of hemipenes. Epididymis was not formed of head, body and radix segment. The deferent duct is a small, straight and short duct which connected the epididymis to cloaca.

scholarly journals The critical role of natural forest as refugium for generalist species in oil palm-dominated landscapes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0257814
Author(s):  
Sergio Guerrero-Sanchez ◽  
Benoit Goossens ◽  
Silvester Saimin ◽  
Pablo Orozco-terWengel
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Generalist Species ◽  
Monitor Lizard ◽  
Varanus Salvator ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
The Impact

In Borneo, oil palm plantations have replaced much of natural resources, where generalist species tend to be the principal beneficiaries, due to the abundant food provided by oil palm plantations. Here, we analyse the distribution of the Asian water monitor lizard (Varanus salvator) population within an oil palm-dominated landscape in the Kinabatangan floodplain, Malaysian Borneo. By using mark-recapture methods we estimated its population size, survival, and growth in forest and plantation habitats. We compared body measurements (i.e. body weight and body length) of individuals living in forest and oil palm habitats as proxy for the population’s health status, and used general least squares estimation models to evaluate its response to highly fragmented landscapes in the absence of intensive hunting pressures. Contrary to previous studies, the abundance of lizards was higher in the forest than in oil palm plantations. Recruitment rates were also higher in the forest, suggesting that these areas may function as a source of new individuals into the landscape. While there were no morphometric differences among plantation sites, we found significant differences among forested areas, where larger lizards were found inhabiting forest adjacent to oil palm plantations. Although abundant in food resources, the limited availability of refugia in oil palm plantations may intensify intra-specific encounters and competition, altering the body size distribution in plantation populations, contrary to what happens in the forest. We conclude that large patches of forest, around and within oil palm plantations, are essential for the dynamics of the monitor lizard population in the Kinabatangan floodplain, as well as a potential source of individuals to the landscape. We recommend assessing this effect in other generalist species, as well as the impact on the prey communities, especially to reinforce the establishment of buffer zones and corridors as a conservation strategy within plantations.

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