scholarly journals A cultural evolutionary behavior genetics will need a more sophisticated conceptualization of cultural traits

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moin Syed ◽  
Phuong Linh Le Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Genetics ◽  
Clear Definition ◽  
Cultural Perspectives ◽  
Cultural Traits ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Cultural Evolutionary ◽  
And Behavior

A framework that brings together cultural perspectives and behavior genetics has long been needed. To be successful, however, we need sophistication in the conceptualization of culture. Here, we highlight three imperatives to this end: the need for a clear definition of cultural traits, inclusion of the role of societal power, and recognizing the distinction between traits and characteristic adaptations.

Supervisors’ Views about their Trainees and Supervision

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Chur-Hansen ◽  
Steve McLean
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
College Level ◽  
Clear Definition ◽  
Psychiatry Training ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Definition Of

Objectives: Supervision is central to psychiatry training, yet it has been poorly defined and has attracted little research attention. In this study we explore supervisors’ perceptions of their role. This paper is the second of two, with the first exploring trainees’ perceptions of supervisors and supervision. Methods: Using qualitative methods, 21 supervisors were interviewed, and the data subjected to thematic analysis. Results: Participants identified a number of aspects characteristic of the role of supervisor. There was some confusion, however, about the role, and some disparity between supervisors around what can be reasonably expected by a trainee in supervision. Conclusions: Supervisors need a clear definition of their role and responsibilities, and should be monitored and mentored. This is particularly important, given the central role that supervisors are expected to perform at College level.

scholarly journals The Cheshire explainer. Musings about the training of explainers

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (04) ◽  
pp. C06
Author(s):  
Antonio Gomes da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Science Communication ◽  
Clear Definition ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Scientific Training ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Core ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Definition Of

The profession of explainer is still pretty much undefined and underrated and the training of explainers is many times deemed to be a luxury. In the following pages we make the argument that three main factors contribute to this state of affairs and, at the same time, we try to show why the training of explainers should really be at the core of any science communication institution. These factors are: an erroneous perception of what a proper scientific training means for explainers; a lack of clear definition of the aptitudes and role of explainers required by institutions that are evolving and diversifying their missions; and an organizational model based on top-down practices of management and activity development which underappreciates the potential of the personnel working directly with the public.

scholarly journals Ética na vida, nas profissões e nas organizações: reflexões para debate nos diversos cursos universitários e politécnicos

Prisma Com ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 21-41
Author(s):  
Roberto Vilmar Satur ◽  
Armando Malheiro da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Ethical Conduct ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Professional Field ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Behavior

This paper aims at dealing with ethics and its applicability to the conduct of daily life in organizations and in the profession. It constructs the definition of ethics, ethics on a daily basis, ethics and codes of conduct for organizations and ethics in the profession. It ends by questioning the role of being a professional and why having a profession. It approaches ethics in accordance with the new moment we live in the infosphere and the behavioral changes of beings increasingly affected by technologies. It aims to lead the reader, both as a citizen and as a professional, to reflect on their behavior and conduct nowadays and calls for more ethical conduct. It is a theoretical, reflective, applicable and qualitative study. It concludes that professions emerge, evolve and disappear with the evolution of society, production methods and technologies. Another conclusion raised from this study is that conduct and behavior change as society and culture evolve, but ethics persist. Researchers concluded through this study that it is possible for people, both in the staff and in the professional field, to have ethical conduct and be prosperous in times when technology and infosphere prevail.

Futurization of Thinking and Behavior

2019 ◽  
pp. 219-245
Author(s):  
Anna Sircova ◽  
Angela E. Scharf ◽  
Molly Kennedy ◽  
Pinja R. Päivinen
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Personal Agency ◽  
Clear Definition ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
Female Presence ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Behavior

This chapter is looking into the emerging concept of “futurization,” which is being used in the context of policy making; however, without clear definition, it creates ambiguous reactions. What does “futurization of politics,” “futurization of thinking,” or “futurization of behavior” actually mean? This chapter looked into the associations citizens or laypeople have with terms “future” and “futurization,” and what were their expressed and unexpressed hopes, dreams, fears, and anxieties. The study, using surveys and focus-groups, revealed a rather lifeless image, future without photosynthesis, without female presence, and overall a wasteland scenario. However, when speaking about “futurization” in comparison to “future,” there is much less inevitability, more personal agency, and both believe in and fear the technological advancement. The working definition of “futurization” is offered in the chapter as well as a comparative analysis of “future” vs. “futurization.” The implications for sustainability policymaking and curriculum development in education are discussed.

Emotions in the Workplace

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-50
Keyword(s):  
Personal Attributes ◽  
Clear Definition ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Organisational Behaviour ◽  
Emotions In The Workplace ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Diversity In The Workplace

In this chapter, the authors build on the classic theories from the previous chapter to better understand the role of emotion in the workplace. They introduce the field of organisational behaviour, which deals with what people, as individuals or groups, do in an organisation, and how what they do affects the organisation itself. Although it would be impossible to present all matters related to organisational behaviour as a discipline, the authors discuss issues concerning diversity in the workplace, as well as considering personal attributes that can influence behaviour and decision making in the organisation. While offering a clear definition of moods versus emotion, they also tackle the impact of personality, personality traits, and values in the workplace.

scholarly journals Definition And Content Of Persuasion In Accounting

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed E. Bayou ◽  
Eric Panitz
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Thought Processes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Behavior

Accounting has often been described as a language and as an information system. Language instigates thought processes that may predispose participants in communication activities to a given mode of perception and behavior. Persuasion is a communication strategy designed to satisfy the needs of the parties involved. Hence, a clear understanding of the nature and role of persuasion in accounting is essential to academic and professional accountants. In this report a definition of persuasion in accounting is developed followed by a discussion of persuasion process, content and source. Factor analysis of CPAs evaluation of several persuasion content variables reveals six factors underlying persuasion content. These are authoritative sources (tax regulations; accounting standards authorities; CPAs) and characteristics (qualitative; presentation; and novelty) of accounting information.

CONSCIOUSNESS AND SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS IN PSICHOANALYTICAL, PHENOMENOLOGICAL AND EXISTENTIAL DISCOURSE

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 130-137
Author(s):  
Chekal L. A. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Theory ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Situational Contexts ◽  
Theoretical Significance ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Dimensionality Of Space

This article is focused on the analysis of the problem of deep contexts of irrational reflection in the studies of great thinkers of the twentieth century and in the further research. The author analyses specifics of conceptualization of self-knowledge and structuring of psychics as well as the features of methodology of cognition and self-consciousness in the context of definition of values and priorities for a development of the person. The study includes a review of socio-historical determinants of the human psychics and behavior which leads to a conclusion that the human psychics does not depend on any limitations, such as the three-dimensionality of space and time. It does not obey the laws of physics and has a certain superpersonal layer in its structure. Additionally, the author deep dives in the main concepts and problems of irrational reflection, demonstrates the examples of their application in situational contexts and summarizes theoretical interrelations and the most important conceptual discussions. The theoretical significance of the problem of cognition and self-consciousness is determined by the central role of man as a person in society and history. The analysis shows that the methodology of cognition and self-consciousness should be based on the principles of axiological disengagement, unity of logical and historical aspects, as well as on the coherence of social theory and practice.

Planning Managers' Roles: An Operational Framework

1978 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
John C. Camillas
Keyword(s):  
Active Participation ◽  
Clear Definition ◽  
Corporate Planning ◽  
Definition Of

What is the role of the planning manager? Should he effectively “influence ... through active participation?” Or, should he “implement better systems?” Literature abounds on the possible roles a corporate planning manager can play. After making a survey of the practices and perceptions in industry, the author suggests a framework for enhancing the effectiveness of planning managers and stresses the importance of clear definition of roles.

Tourism Market Segmentation Based on Price Sensitivity

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Masiero ◽  
Juan L. Nicolau
Keyword(s):  
Market Segmentation ◽  
Marketing Mix ◽  
Price Sensitivity ◽  
Destination Marketing ◽  
Clear Definition ◽  
Empirical Application ◽  
Price Supports ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Determinant Factor

This article builds on the double role of the effect of prices on the choice of tourism activities: not only is it the sole component of the destination marketing mix that represents revenue but also a determinant factor in tourist choice. On this account, identifying patterns of tourists with different degrees of sensitivities to prices would help destinations design an appropriate bundle of activities and have a clear definition of the segment they should try to attract. Accordingly, the objective of this article is to identify tourist segments from individual price sensitivities to activities. The results show—although price has a dissuasive influence on the choice of activities—a differentiated effect (as this dissuasiveness is not general for all individuals); this heterogeneous responsiveness to price supports its use as a segmentation criterion. In the empirical application, four segments are found with significantly different price sensitivities.

scholarly journals Nudge/sludge symmetry: on the relationship between nudge and sludge and the resulting ontological, normative and transparency implications

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
STUART MILLS
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Understanding ◽  
Clear Definition ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Choice Architect ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
New Framework

Abstract A recent development within nudge theory is the concept of sludge, which imposes frictions on decision-making. Nascent literature adopts a normative interpretation of sludge: nudge good, sludge bad. However, this normative interpretation leaves much to be desired. A clear definition and treatment of sludge remains absent from this literature, as is a complete understanding of ‘frictions’. Furthermore, the relationship between nudges and sludges is unclear. This paper proposes the concept of nudge/sludge symmetry in an attempt to advance the conceptual understanding of sludge. Building from the definition of a nudge, three types of friction permissible under nudge theory are identified: hedonic, social and obscurant. Sludge is then positioned, in terms of frictions, relative to nudge: nudges decrease relative frictions, sludges increase relative frictions. A consequence of this proposition is nudge/sludge symmetry – where a nudge decreases the frictions associated with a specific option, sludge is simultaneously imposed on all other options available to a decision-maker. Nudge/sludge symmetry subsequently challenges the normative interpretation of sludge, and so a new framework drawing on the literature on nudges in the private sector is offered, with the choice architect placed at the centre. This new approach to sludge and emphasis on the role of the choice architect, in turn, reaffirms the importance of transparency in public policy interventions.

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