scholarly journals Childlessness, parenthood and subjective wellbeing: The relevance of conceptualizing parenthood and childlessness as a continuum.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Albertini ◽  
Bruno Arpino
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Subjective Wellbeing ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Intergenerational Solidarity ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Continuum

The objective of the paper is to show the theoretical and practical relevance of conceptualizing and operationalizing parenthood and childlessness as a continuum – instead of a dichotomy - when evaluating the consequences of kinless-ness in later life. It is suggested that information on the number of children, structural and associational intergenerational solidarity can be utilized to operationalize the continuum. Subjective wellbeing is utilized as outcome of interest. Data from waves 2, 4, 5 and 6 of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe are used. The sample includes 183,545 respondents from 21 countries. Linear regression models with clustered standard errors are used. Childless older individuals report lower levels of life satisfaction than parents. However, the largest difference is observed between those with one and two children. Using a measure of associational intergenerational solidarity to weight the degree of parenthood it is shown that parents who have infrequent contact with children report significantly lower levels of life satisfaction than childless individuals.Kinless-ness is not only a demographic but also a social condition. When studying the consequences of ageing alone it is essential to consider not only the presence and “quantity” of kin, but also its “quality”.

Expanding the Happiness Paradox: Ethnoracial Disparities in Life Satisfaction Among Older Immigrants in the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-255
Author(s):  
Rocío Calvo ◽  
Dawn C. Carr ◽  
Christina Matz-Costa
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Older Immigrants ◽  
Happiness Paradox ◽  
Retirement Study ◽  
Lower Life Satisfaction

Objective: This study investigated nativity disparities in life satisfaction among ethnoracial groups of older adults in the United States and the factors associated with such disparities. Method: Cross-sectional data from 7,348 respondents aged 60 and older from the 2012/2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) were used to estimate linear regression models. Results: Older immigrants experienced higher levels of life satisfaction than comparable native-born individuals. This “happiness advantage” was particularly salient for Hispanic immigrants, who reported the highest levels of life satisfaction of all groups included in the study. With increasing education, life satisfaction increased for White and “Other Race” groups, regardless of nativity. However, for both Black groups and native-born Hispanics, higher levels of education were associated with lower life satisfaction. Discussion: Findings suggest that the “happiness paradox” may not only be a matter of Hispanic ethnicity, but that it may also extend to immigrants from other ethnoracial backgrounds.

scholarly journals Association between Cross-Cultural Social Adaptation and Overseas Life Satisfaction among Chinese Medical Aid Team Members (CMATMs) in Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaochang Chen ◽  
Xiaojun Liu ◽  
Wei Yu ◽  
Anran Tan ◽  
Chang Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Medical Aid ◽  
Electronic Questionnaires ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Overall Life Satisfaction

This study evaluated the relationship between cross-cultural social adaptation and overseas life satisfaction among Chinese medical aid team members (CMATMs) in Africa. A revised Chinese version of the Sociocultural Adaptation Scale (CSCAS) was used to measure participants’ cross-cultural social adaptation. The self-designed survey of the CMATMs’ overseas life satisfaction includes the following five aspects: food, housing, transportation, entertainment, and security. Electronic questionnaires were distributed non-randomly. Linear regression models were established to explore the association between cross-cultural social adaptation and all dimensions of overseas life satisfaction. After adjusting all the confounders, compared with moderate adaptation, poor adaptation was negatively correlated with all dimensions of overseas life satisfaction (B for food = −0.71, B for housing = −0.76, B for transportation = −0.70, B for entertainment = −0.53, B for security = −0.81, B for overall satisfaction = −0.71, all p < 0.001), whereas good adaptation was positively associated with all dimensions of overseas life satisfaction (B for food = 1.23, B for housing = 1.00, B for transportation = 0.84, B for entertainment = 0.84, B for security = 0.76, B for overall life satisfaction = 0.94, all p < 0.001). This study shows that a better cross-cultural social adaptation was positively connected to a higher level of overseas life satisfaction in general, and more specifically to higher levels of satisfaction with food, housing, transportation, entertainment, and security. This knowledge can be utilized in promoting cross-cultural social adaptation and overseas life satisfaction among CMATMs in Africa.

The High Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms and Its Correlates With Older Hmong Refugees in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 660-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai S. Yang ◽  
Jan E. Mutchler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Later Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Hopkins Symptom Checklist ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Reported Health

Objective: We estimate depressive symptoms in a sample of older Hmong refugees in the United States, and investigate factors shaping risk of depression in this population. Method: Data were collected in California and Minnesota ( N = 127). The study sample included Hmong immigrants aged 55 and over. The measure of depression used is the Hopkins Symptom Checklist–10 (HSCL-10) inventory. Linear regression models were used to identify significant correlates of depressive symptoms. Results: More than 72% of the participants indicated being symptomatic of depression, as reflected by having a HSCL-10 score of 1.85 or higher. Self-reported health was a risk factor for depression. Protective factors from depression were larger household size and older age of arrival into the United States. Discussion: This study updated knowledge about the mental health status of Hmong refugees, who are now at later life. Our findings suggest that depression may be a lifelong experience in this high risk population.

scholarly journals Medication Intake Is Associated with Lower Plasma Carotenoids and Higher Fat-Soluble Vitamins in the Cross-Sectional MARK-AGE Study in Older Individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2072
Author(s):  
Daniela Weber ◽  
Bastian Kochlik ◽  
Wolfgang Stuetz ◽  
Martijn E. T. Dollé ◽  
Eugène H. J. M. Jansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medication Intake ◽  
The One ◽  
Fat Soluble Vitamins ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Β Carotene

The regular use of medication may interfere with micronutrient metabolism on several levels, such as absorption, turnover rate, and tissue distribution, and this might be amplified during aging. This study evaluates the impact of self-reported medication intake on plasma micronutrients in the MARK-AGE Project, a cross-sectional observational study in 2217 subjects (age- and sex-stratified) aged 35–75 years from six European countries that were grouped according to age. Polypharmacy as possible determinant of micronutrient concentrations was assessed using multiple linear regression models adjusted for age-group, dietary fruit, vegetables, and juice intake, and other confounders. Younger participants reported taking fewer drugs than older participants. Inverse associations between medication intake and lutein (−3.31% difference per increase in medication group), β-carotene (−11.44%), α-carotene (−8.50%) and positive associations with retinol (+2.26%), α-tocopherol/cholesterol (+2.89%) and γ-tocopherol/cholesterol (+1.36%) occurred in multiple adjusted regression models. Combined usage of a higher number of medical drugs was associated with poorer status of carotenoids on the one hand and higher plasma concentrations of retinol, α- and γ-tocopherol on the other hand. Our results raise concerns regarding the safety of drug combinations via the significant and surprisingly multifaceted disturbance of the concentrations of relevant micronutrients.

The Significance of Financial Literacy on Global Economic, Physical, and Mental Wellbeing – A Key Buffer for Our Most Vulnerable

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Horwood ◽  
Jiesi Guo
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Support Services ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

The Global Financial Crisis (GFC) resulted in government cuts to healthcare and other support services. Significant declines in national economic, physical, and mental wellbeing have thus resulted, disproportionately impacting those most vulnerable. Financial Literacy was identified as a key catalyst of the GFC, and its promotion deemed key to national wellbeing, yet this relationship appears untested. We compiled data from several global health and economic databases of 38 OECD and partner countries. Using linear regression models, we analysed the association between national financial literacy and economic, physical, and mental wellbeing outcomes, controlling for education, economic, and support network factors. Financial literacy was positively associated with national economic mobility (.748, p=.044), general health (.803, p=.001), and life satisfaction (.029, p=.042), and negatively associated with poverty (-.149, p=.011), and suicide rate (-.204, p=.009), but not significantly associated with mortality (-.040, p=.530). Our findings support the relevance of financial literacy on national wellbeing.

Abstract P168: Parity Is Associated With Higher Arterial Stiffness But Not Its 5-year Change In Older Women: The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities - Neurocognitive Study

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison N Bonner ◽  
Shantal Jayawickreme ◽  
Angela M Malek ◽  
Catherine J Vladutiu ◽  
Clare Oliver-Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk ◽  
Parity Number

Introduction: Although studies have demonstrated a J-shaped association of parity with cardiovascular disease, the association with vascular disease is not fully understood. We examined the association between parity and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), a measure of arterial stiffness. Hypothesis: Women who were never pregnant or had no live births and women with 5+ live births would have higher cfPWV and 5-year cfPWV change compared to women with 1-2 live births. Materials and Methods: We included 1220 women (average age 73.7; 21.9% Black) from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities - Neurocognitive Study, a cohort of 15,792 adults enrolled in 1987-1989 from four communities: Forsyth Co., NC; Jackson, MS; Minneapolis, MN; and Washington Co., MD. Technicians measured cfPWV at visit 5 (2011-13) and visit 6 or 7 (2016-19). At visit 2 (1990-92), women self-reported parity (number of prior live births), which we categorized as never pregnant or pregnant but no live births, 1-2 (referent), 3-4, and 5+ live births. We used linear regression models to evaluate associations of parity with visit 5 cfPWV and 5-year cfPWV change, adjusting for years between visits 5 and 6 or 7, age, race-center, education, body mass index, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, hypertension medication, and diabetes. Results: Participants reported having had no (7.7%), 1-2 (38.7%), 3-4 (40.0%), or 5+ (13.6%) prior live births. Women with 5+ live births had a higher visit 5 cfPWV (β=50.6 cm/s, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.6-97.7 cm/s; Table) as compared to those with 1-2 live births. No statistically significant associations were observed for other parity groups and visit 5 cfPWV or cfPWV change. Conclusions: In later life, women with 5+ live births had higher arterial stiffness than those with 1-2 live births, but the rate of cfPWV change did not differ by parity. Longitudinal arterial stiffness measurements at mid-life are needed to better understand the effect of pregnancy on the trajectory of arterial stiffness among women in later life.

scholarly journals Adult Children’s Education Attainment and Parents’ Subjective Well-Being in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 344-344
Author(s):  
Dan Chen ◽  
Yuying Tong
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Subjective Wellbeing ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Education Attainment ◽  
Children's Education ◽  
Children’S Education ◽  
Children's Schooling

Abstract Parent-child tie is important for parental later life due to insufficient old-age support in developing contexts. Parents often anticipate they would share the returns of children’s education for their early period investment. Previous studies show that adult children’s education is positively associated with parents’ survival and physical health in both low- and middle-income countries. What’s less discussed in literatures is the effect of adult children’s education on parental subjective wellbeing. Drawing the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), this study intends to explore the effect of adult children’s education attainment on parents’ life satisfaction. This study uses information from baseline wave in 2011 and latest wave in 2015 of CHARLS. The analytic sample restricts to adult children aged between 25 and 49 with the highest education among all children of a parent who are aged between 50 and 84. To handle the reversed causality, this study adopts lagged effect model and controls for baseline subjective wellbeing. Instrumental variables (IV) are also used to handle the endogeneity issue existing between children’s education and parental wellbeing to conclude a causal effect. The preliminary results without IV reveal that association between children’s schooling years and parents’ life satisfaction is non-linear. However, results with IV show that adult children’s schooling years are negative associated with parents’ life satisfaction. This study firstly draws attention on negative sides of children’s education attainment on parental subjective wellbeing which implies more studies to unfold the mechanisms underlying the association.

scholarly journals Poczucie osamotnienia a zadowolenie z życia osób w wieku 50 lat i więcej w Polsce w świetle danych badania GGS-PL

2017 ◽  
pp. 139-165
Author(s):  
Anita Abramowska-Kmon
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Second Wave

The main aim of the paper was the analysis of determinants of life satisfaction of people aged 50 years and more in Poland. The data used in the analysis came from the second wave of the Polish Generations and Gender Survey (GGS-PL) that had been carried out in 2014 and 2015. The linear regression models with the dependent variable describing life satisfaction were estimated. Explanatory variables, incorporated into the model, included basic socio-demographic variables as well as a variable describing loneliness. The obtained results are in line with those described in the literature. As expected, better educated individuals, with higher income are more satisfied with life. Similarly, married persons had higher life satisfaction than those living without a spouse. Moreover, persons in employment were more satisfied with life than those economically inactive, while unemployment diminishes life satisfaction of people aged 50+ in Poland, especially for men. The same was found for those having children: they were more satisfied with life than the childless. The most important finding is that the lonely individuals are less satisfied with their lives. Interestingly, the positive relationship between satisfaction with life and having children among people aged 50+ may be explained by loneliness. It means that childlessness is strongly related to loneliness and loneliness mediates the effect of childlessness on satisfaction with life.

scholarly journals Weather temperature and the incidence of hospitalization for cardiovascular diseases in an aging society

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kihei Yoneyama ◽  
Michikazu Nakai ◽  
Takumi Higuma ◽  
Kanako Teramoto ◽  
Mika Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Aging Society ◽  
Incidence Of Hospitalization

AbstractWeather temperatures affect the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but there is limited information on whether CVD hospitalizations are affected by changes in weather temperatures in a super-aging society. We aimed to examine the association of diurnal weather temperature changes with CVD hospitalizations. We included 1,067,171 consecutive patients who were admitted to acute-care hospitals in Japan between April 1, 2012 and March 31, 2015. The primary outcome was the number of CVD hospitalizations per day. The diurnal weather temperature range (DTR) was defined as the minimum weather temperature subtracted from the maximum weather temperature on the day before hospitalization. Multilevel mixed-effects linear regression models were used to estimate the association of DTR with cardiovascular hospitalizations after adjusting for weather, hospital, and patient demographics. An increased DTR was associated with a higher number of CVD hospitalizations (coefficient, 4.540 [4.310–4.765]/°C change, p < 0.001), with greater effects in those aged 75–89 (p < 0.001) and ≥ 90 years (p = 0.006) than among those aged ≤ 64 years; however, there were no sex-related differences (p = 0.166). Greater intraday weather temperature changes are associated with an increased number of CVD hospitalizations in the super-aging society of Japan, with a greater effect in older individuals.

scholarly journals Healthy aging: gender and lifecourse perspective cycle

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Mª Pilar Montero ◽  
Mª Rosario López-Giménez ◽  
Paula Acevedo ◽  
Ana I. Mora
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Sitting Height ◽  
Multiple Regression Models

Objective: To identify biocultural and social factors acting at different stages of lifecourse, involved in the form of aging in women and men over 65 years. Material and Methods: The sample consists of 213 individuals; mean age was 73.9 years (std=5.8) for women and 74.8 (std=6.6) for men. Data were collected in Cultural and Leisure Centers in the Community of Madrid. Healthy aging (created from the number of diagnosed diseases, perceived health, life satisfaction, hearing and oral status) was considered as the dependent variable. The independent variables considered in this study were age, sex, educational level, sitting height, spam, age at first maternity and the total number of children. Linear multiple regression models were used for statistical analysis. Results: Healthy aging was negatively associated with age and positively with the sitting height in men. In women, healthy aging was positively associated with years of education, when age at first motherhood is included in the model, this in the only variable remaining with a significant effect. Conclusions: There are several factors acting across the life of men and women and that affect differently the way women and men get old.

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