scholarly journals Green economy in post COVID-19 scenario: Nepalese perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-172
Author(s):  
Madan Koirala
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Developmental Trend ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Carbon Emission

COVID-19 might bring a change in socio-economic order, like some socio-economists have started to use the term Before COVID -19 (BC) and After COVID -19 (AC) time period of human history. Postindustrial revolution era of developmental trend of the world is taking a shift, as futurist professionals have started to debate from their perspective. Nepal, though dependent on remittance as major share of GDP, is basically green economy based from ecosystem perspective as it was under harnessed. Since, “cereals couldn’t be grown on the smartboard, neither Artificial Intelligence (AI) chips could be eaten”, a paradigm shift is obvious with minimal option. In a juncture of time, Nepalese migrant workers, a major source of revenue contributors are returning back to the country due to COVID-19. An alternative national policy to live within the country being involved in green economy is the major way, to contribute the productivity. Out of the land use types of Nepal, majority of population still engaged in green based economy will be the best direction to adopt. In addition, Nepal as one of the countries worst hit by the impact of climate change, despite having only 0.06% emission of GHGs out of the global share at 2011 value. The country has adopted low carbon emission economic growth path even before the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak.

scholarly journals Development of the Circular Bioeconomy: Drivers and Indicators

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Maximilian Kardung ◽  
Kutay Cingiz ◽  
Ortwin Costenoble ◽  
Roel Delahaye ◽  
Wim Heijman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Stakeholder Consultation ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The EU’s 2018 Bioeconomy Strategy Update and the European Green Deal recently confirmed that the bioeconomy is high on the political agenda in Europe. Here, we propose a conceptual analysis framework for quantifying and analyzing the development of the EU bioeconomy. The bioeconomy has several related concepts (e.g., bio-based economy, green economy, and circular economy) and there are clear synergies between these concepts, especially between the bioeconomy and circular economy concepts. Analyzing the driving factors provides important information for monitoring activities. We first derive the scope of the bioeconomy framework in terms of bioeconomy sectors and products to be involved, the needed geographical coverage and resolution, and time period. Furthermore, we outline a set of indicators linked to the objectives of the EU’s bioeconomy strategy. In our framework, measuring developments will, in particular, focus on the bio-based sectors within the bioeconomy as biomass and food production is already monitored. The selected indicators commit to the EU Bioeconomy Strategy objectives and conform with findings from previous studies and stakeholder consultation. Additionally, several new indicators have been suggested and they are related to measuring the impact of changes in supply, demand drivers, resource availability, and policies on sustainability goals.

scholarly journals Uncovering Household Carbon Footprint Drivers in an Aging, Shrinking Society

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzhuo Huang ◽  
Yosuke Shigetomi ◽  
Andrew Chapman ◽  
Ken’ichi Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Structural Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Carbon Footprints ◽  
Carbon Reduction ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Demographic Shifts ◽  
Elderly Households ◽  
The Impact

In order to meet climate change mitigation goals, nations such as Japan need to consider strategies to reduce the impact that lifestyles have on overall emission levels. This study analyzes carbon footprints from household consumption (i.e., lifestyles) using index and structural decomposition analysis for the time period from 1990 to 2005. The analysis identified that households in their 40s and 50s had the highest levels of both direct and indirect CO2 emissions, with decomposition identifying consumption patterns as the driving force behind these emissions and advances in CO2 reduction technology having a reducing effect on lifestyle emissions. An additional challenge addressed by this study is the aging, shrinking population phenomenon in Japan. The increase in the number of few-member and elderly households places upward pressure on emissions as the aging population and declining national birth rate continues. The analysis results offer two mitigatory policy suggestions: the focusing of carbon reduction policies on older and smaller households, and the education of consumers toward low-carbon consumption habits. As the aging, shrinking population phenomenon is not unique to Japan, the findings of this research have broad applications globally where these demographic shifts are being experienced.

scholarly journals Green Economy for Sustainable Development in Nepal: Role of Forestry Sector

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 96-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhav Karki
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Poor Country ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Rural And Urban

Although there is no unified view among the policy makers and development experts on what represents and drives a Green Economy and there is also no clarity on what it means for the mountain countries like Nepal, the concept is however, very pertinent in the context of rapid climate change and unsustainable development. There is a general agreement that green economy provides opportunities for developing and forest rich country like Nepal as the fossil fuel-based and import oriented consumerism based economy cannot be successful today and in future. It is likely that green economy could be a good vehicle to reach sustainable mountain development (SMD). However, there is a need to develop specific and strategies and action plans to implement green and low-carbon economic activities. First and foremost, there is a need to develop a national policy and to use green economy to achieve poverty reduction and sustainable development. The economic growth rate has to be sustained while reducing poverty through sound development plans and programmes actively participated and managed by poor and enterprising rural and urban communities and supported by government, non-government and donor agencies. There are numerous challenges in adapting and adopting Green Economy policies in a poor country like Nepal. Capacity and skill development, technology adaptation, transfer, and retrofitting to suit Nepal’s hilly and mountainous terrains, need for huge investment in processing and value addition, and of course adapting to and mitigating against climate change are some of the major challenges. Notwithstanding these constraints, green economic policies and programmes can be means to achieve sustainable development in the mountainous region. There is need to document good case studies for drawing lessons so that future green growth pathway can be charted in a flawless manner and scaling up of the success to create bigger impacts can be achieved. Finally, effective and outcome oriented implementation will require multi-disciplinary planning, interdisciplinary implementation, and effective and participatory monitoring and evaluation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/init.v5i0.10259   The Initiation 2013 Vol.5; 96-109

Energy Arbitration and Emerging Claims: A Post-COVID-19 New Normal?

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
David Yibakuo Amakiri ◽  
Solomon Ugochukwu Ezike
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Legal Risks ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Carbon Economy

The responses of government to the novel coronavirus has snowballed into circumstances that can aptly be termed a new normal likewise are the ongoing efforts to transition to a low carbon economy. The effect of these combinations is a paradigm shift in the energy sector and the investments that underpin the linkages. Many aspects of these investments in the energy sector have also been thrown into murky waters arising from the hardship operators face now and the consequent inability to perform agreed obligations adequately. In a post-COVID-19 world, these scenarios pose legal risks and will be subject of energy arbitration proceedings. This article highlights the impact of COVID-19 on the energy industry, the claims emerging from it, and the repercussions for arbitration of energy disputes. It also highlights how these changes affect the quest for a just transition to a low-carbon economy.

scholarly journals Can Chinese Families Achieve a Low-Carbon Lifestyle? An Empirical Test of China’s Low-Carbon Pilot Policy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuetao Sun ◽  
Zhenhua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Chinese Families ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Household Heterogeneity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Carbon Emission

Global warming has caused concern among countries worldwide. Since 2010, the Chinese government has implemented low-carbon pilot policies (LCPPs) in some regions to control carbon emissions. To evaluate the implementation effects of the LCPPs, we matched China’s macro data with Chinese household financial survey data. Specifically, we used a OLS model for assessing the impact of LCPPs on China’s household carbon emissions and conducted heterogeneous analysis. Further, we evaluated the mechanism through which LCPPs affect the carbon emissions of Chinese households. The research results yielded three main findings. (1) LCPPs can promote a reduction in household carbon emissions; however, the impact of LCPPs on household carbon emissions exhibits a time lag. (2) LCPPs reduce household carbon emissions by promoting the upgradation of the household consumption structure. The LCPP enables households to reduce consumption of products involving high levels of carbon emissions, while increasing consumption of low-carbon emission products, thereby affecting total household carbon emissions. (3) An analysis of household heterogeneity revealed that LCPPs mainly affect household carbon emissions in the country’s eastern and central regions, especially urban households’ carbon emissions. This paper describes the implementation effects of LCPPs and suggests a viable path for the further implementation of LCPPs.

scholarly journals The Impact of Carbon Disclosure on Financial Performance under Low Carbon Constraints

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4126
Author(s):  
Wenting Lu ◽  
Naiping Zhu ◽  
Jing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Fortune 500 ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Fortune 500 Companies ◽  
The Impact

In the context of low-carbon constrained development, in order to avoid the risk brought by climate change, more and more companies choose to disclose carbon information, respond to the national policy of carbon emission reduction and focus on the sustainable development of enterprises. This paper will investigate the impact of carbon disclosure on financial performance based on the 2011–2018 CDP report, taking the Fortune 500 companies as a sample. The study finds that for carbon-intensive industries, carbon disclosure cannot significantly contribute to the improvement of financial performance in the current period, but for carbon-non-intensive industries, carbon disclosure can significantly contribute to the improvement of financial performance in the current period, and the positive impact of carbon disclosure on financial performance in the current period can be extended to the next period. Finally, based on the findings of the empirical study, this paper puts forward policy recommendations for the construction of China’s carbon disclosure system.

Rural–urban migration and its multidimensional impact in China

2020 ◽  
pp. 271-292
Author(s):  
Dan Meng ◽  
Yan Gao ◽  
Xiaoyang Li
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Regional Economies ◽  
The People ◽  
Rural Urban Migration ◽  
The Impact

This chapter will begin by giving a clearer definition and classification of China’s migrant workers, a rather diversified and complex social group in China, and then explore how such a large-scale rural–urban labour flow taking place in this country in the past few decades has influenced (1) the well-being, both objective and subjective, of China’s rural–urban migrant workers; (2) the regional economies of the labour outflow and inflow areas; (3) the impact of rural–urban migration on the development of China’s primary, secondary, and tertiary industries; (4) China’s national policy regarding these third industries and the people engaged in them.

Designing preclinical perceptibility measures to evaluate topical vaginal gel formulations relating user sensory perceptions and experiences to formulation properties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lungwani Muungo
Keyword(s):  
User Experience ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Biomedical Prevention ◽  
Product Effectiveness ◽  
Willingness To Use ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gel Formulations

The effectiveness of any biomedical prevention technology relies on both biological efficacy and behavioraladherence. Microbicide trials have been hampered by low adherence, limiting the ability to draw meaningfulconclusions about product effectiveness. Central to this problem may be an inadequate conceptualization of howproduct properties themselves impact user experience and adherence. Our goal is to expand the current microbicidedevelopment framework to include product ‘‘perceptibility,’’ the objective measurement of user sensoryperceptions (i.e., sensations) and experiences of formulation performance during use. For vaginal gels, a setof biophysical properties, including rheological properties and measures of spreading and retention, may criticallyimpact user experiences. Project LINK sought to characterize the user experience in this regard, and tovalidate measures of user sensory perceptions and experiences (USPEs) using four prototype topical vaginal gelformulations designed for pericoital use. Perceptibility scales captured a range of USPEs during the productapplication process (five scales), ambulation after product insertion (six scales), and during sexual activity (eightscales). Comparative statistical analyses provided empirical support for hypothesized relationships between gelproperties, spreading performance, and the user experience. Project LINK provides preliminary evidence for theutility of evaluating USPEs, introducing a paradigm shift in the field of microbicide formulation design. Wepropose that these user sensory perceptions and experiences initiate cognitive processes in users resulting inproduct choice and willingness-to-use. By understanding the impact of USPEs on that process, formulationdevelopment can optimize both drug delivery and adherence.

THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT URBAN LAND USE TYPES ON AIR POLLUTION IN THE MEGACITY OF SÃO PAULO

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Júlio Barboza Chiquetto ◽  
Maria Elisa Siqueira Silva ◽  
Rita Yuri Ynoue ◽  
Flávia Noronha Dutra Ribieiro ◽  
Débora Souza Alvim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
The Impact

A poluição do ar é influenciada por fatores naturais e antropogênicos. Quatro pontos de monitoramento (veicular, comercial, residencial e background urbano (BGU))da poluição do ar em São Paulo foram avaliados durante 16 anos, revelando diferenças significativas devidoao uso do solo em todas as escalas temporais. Na escala diurna, as concentrações de poluentes primários são duas vezes mais altas nos pontos veicular e residencial do que no ponto BGU, onde a concentração de ozonio (O3) é 50% mais alta. Na escala sazonal, as concentrações de monóxido de carbono(CO) variaram em 80% devido ao uso do solo, e 55% pela sazonalidade.As variações sazonais ede uso do solo exercem impactos similares nas concentrações de O3 e monóxido de nitrogênio (NO). Para o material particulado grosso (MP10) e o dióxido de nitrogênio(NO2), as variações sazonais são mais intensas do que as por uso do solo. Na série temporal de 16 anos, o ponto BGU apresentou correlações mais fortes e significativas entre a média mensal de ondas longas (ROL) e o O3 (0,48) e o MP10 (0,37), comparadas ao ponto veicular (0,33 e 0,22, respectivamente). Estes resultados confirmam que o uso do solo urbano tem um papel significativo na concentração de poluentes em todas as escalas de análise, embora a sua influência se torne menos pronunciada em escalas maiores, conforme a qualidade do ar transita de um sistema antropogênico para um sistema natural. Isto poderá auxiliar decisões sobre políticas públicas em megacidades envolvendo a modificação do uso do solo.

Epigenetic Studies in Psychotherapy: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Rafael Penadés ◽  
Bárbara Arias ◽  
Mar Fatjó-Vilas ◽  
Laura González-Vallespí ◽  
Clemente García-Rizo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Epigenetic Modifications ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Psychological Treatments ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Impact

Background: Epigenetic modifications appear to be dynamic and they might be affected by environmental factors. The possibility of influencing these processes through psychotherapy has been suggested. Objective: To analyse the impact of psychotherapy on epigenetics when applied to mental disorders. The main hypothesis is that psychological treatments will produce epigenetic modifications related to the improvement of treated symptoms. Methods: A computerised and systematic search was completed throughout the time period from 1990 to 2019 on the PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus databases. Results: In total, 11 studies were selected. The studies were evaluated for the theoretical framework, genes involved, type of psychotherapy and clinical challenges and perspectives. All studies showed detectable changes at the epigenetic level, like DNA methylation changes, associated with symptom improvement after psychotherapy. Conclusion: Methylation profiles could be moderating treatment effects of psychotherapy. Beyond the detected epigenetic changes after psychotherapy, the epigenetic status before the implementation could act as an effective predictor of response.

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