scholarly journals Profile of Hypertensive Retinopathy in a Tertiary Centre in Western Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
CB Pun ◽  
S Tuladhar
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Hypertensive Retinopathy ◽  
Retinal Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tertiary Centre ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spss Software

Objective: The present study was done to find out prevalence of hypertensive retinopathy among patients attending in OPD in GMC. Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was performed among 200 hypertensive patients visiting eye OPD from Dec 2016 to Dec 2017. Detailed eye examination including fundus evaluation under mydriasis was done on all subjects and hypertensive retinopathy was graded according to Keith, Wagner and Barker classification by ophthalmologist using 90 dioptre lens. Patient having diabetes and other retinal diseases were excluded from the study. Data analysis was done using spss software. Results: The mean age of the patients was 60.58 ±12.26 standard deviation. In our study 56.5% patients had hypertensive retinopathy. Of which 31% had grade I, 19% had grade II, 6% had grade III and 0.5% had grade IV hypertensive retinopathy. The ratio of hypertensive retinopathy among male and female was 1.7:1. Conclusion: Hypertensive retinopathy is common among hypertensives and males are more prone to retinopathy than females.

Comparison of Working Length Determination in Mandibular Single-Rooted Teeth

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Ruqayya Sana ◽  
Farzana Rehman ◽  
Farzana Rehman ◽  
Rashid Javaid
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Conventional Radiograph ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Working Length ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Electronic Apex Locator

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to compare working length calculated with conventional radiographs and an electronic apex locator (IPEX II) during the root canal treatment of mandibular anterior teeth. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Operative Dentistry, Sardar Begum Dental Hospital, Peshawar during February and March 2018. A consecutive sampling technique was used for sampling. Only 30 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria of our study. Detailed medical and dental history was taken. Only patient fulfilling inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. RESULTS: The mean age for patients was 45.33±5.16. 33% out of 30 patients (10) were male and 20 were females. The mean working length calculated from radiographs was 22.25±1.29 (min 20.09-max 24.10). The mean working length calculated by the electronic apex locator (IPEX II) was 22.17±1.28 (min 20.00-max 24.07). The mean difference between working length calculated by radiograph and electronic apex locator was -0.084mm, which means the working length determined by radiographs and by electronic apex locator has no difference in mandibular anterior teeth with single canals. CONCLUSION: Both the methods can be used effectively in endodontics for single-rooted mandibular teeth, but if both are used in combinations can lead to an improvement in the working length accuracy, which may significantly reduce the number of radiographs exposure, and increase the success and comfort for endodontic patients. KEYWORDS: Working Length, Apex Locator, Conventional Radiograph

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF ANXIETY LEVEL, BLOOD PRESSURE AND PULSE PARAMETERS OF PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY EXPERIENCE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
Yasemin Altınbaş ◽  
Emine Derya Derya Ister
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
State And Trait Anxiety ◽  
The Mean

Objective: The study aimed to compare state and trait anxiety, blood pressure, and heart rate of patients with and without coronary angiography experience who undergo coronary angiography intervention. Methodology: This study is cross-sectional comparative research. A total of 160 patients, including 80 patients undergo for the first time coronary angiography and 80 patients with at least one experience of coronary angiography were included in the sample of the study. In the study, data were collected using 'Patient Information Form' and 'State-Trait Anxiety Inventory', blood pressure measurement device, and pulse oximeter. Results: The mean of state anxiety scores of the patients with and without CA experience were 39.35±5.31 and 39.98±4.04, respectively; (p=0.395). The mean of trait anxiety scores of the patients with and without CA experience were 44.73±6.84 and 44.51±6.05, respectively (p=0.826).  There was no statistically significant difference observed in state and trait anxiety between two groups. Before the CA procedure, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure average of the patients with CA experience were statistically higher than those without CA experience (p<0.05). Conclusion: The anxiety levels of the patients before the CA were observed to be similar and moderate, regardless of their CA experience. It was observed that patients with CA experience before CA procedure had higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures compared to the group without experience.

scholarly journals Stomach Cancer in Patients Referred to Tohid Hospital in Sanandaj, 2012 - 2018: An Epidemiological Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mastore Rahimi ◽  
Ghodratollah Roshanaei ◽  
Javad Faradmal ◽  
Bayazid Ghaderi ◽  
Leila Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spss Software

Background: Stomach cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the world and first cancer in Iran. The northern and northwestern regions of the country are areas with a high prevalence of gastrointestinal cancers, especially gastric cancer. Different factors are effective in the incidence of this cancer. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the epidemiology of gastric cancer. Methods: This research was a cross-sectional study. All patients referred to Tohid Hospital in Sanandaj between 2012 and 2018 were examined. Data were extracted using patients' medical records. Descriptive information was collected through SPSS software, and the results were analyzed. Results: The number of patients in this study was 553. The mean age was 66.9 years, and the highest age group was 60 - 80 years. Four hundred twelve patients were male, and 141 were female. In 50% of patients, the location of the cardiac tumor was gastric. Chemotherapy was the most common treatment in more than 60% of patients. Conclusions: The results of this study show that smoking is unfortunately high in patients in this province. An educational intervention to quit smoking is recommended. Smoking is an important risk factor for gastric cancer, and this intervention may also be effective in reducing the incidence of this disease.

scholarly journals The relationship between sexual satisfaction and marital commitment among married women in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Jalambadani ◽  
Ahmad Sharifnezhad ◽  
Sara Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Sexual Satisfaction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Marital Commitment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
The Relationship

Sexual satisfaction is one of the factors affecting interpersonal relationships. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between sexual satisfaction and marital commitment among married women in Neyshabur, Iran in 2019. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 330 married women. The instruments used were Larsson sexual satisfaction and marital commitment Adams questionnaire. The collected data were entered in to SPSS software with version 20 and using descriptive statistic methods, The Pearson’s correlation analysis and ANOVA tests were used. The mean age of women was 23.92±3.96 years. In addition, 7(2.12%), 37(11.21%), 148(44.84%) and 138(41.81%) of women showed zero, low, moderate, and high levels of sexual satisfaction. Marital commitment was positively correlated with the overall sexual satisfaction (r = 0.67, P < 0.001). Moreover, marital commitment was associated with High sexual satisfaction n (r = .69, p < .001), Medium sexual satisfaction (r=.52, p < .001), Law of sexual satisfaction (r=.39, p < .001) Lack of sexual satisfaction (r=.19, p < .001), subscales of sexual satisfaction. Women with shorter marriage levels had higher sexual satisfaction and marital commitment. Therefore, health planners should adopt strategies to increase sexual satisfaction, marital commitment in women with longer marriage levels.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Ultrasound with Transvaginal Finger Examination in Diagnosis of Abnormal Position and Presentation of Fetal Head

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Batool Teimoori ◽  
Azar Khaefi Ashkzari ◽  
Farahnaz Farzaneh
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fetal Head ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Abnormal Position ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Fetal Head Position

Background: Abnormal position and presentation are challenges for obstetricians in about 10% of all pregnancies. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare ultrasound with transvaginal finger examination in detecting abnormal position and presentation of fetal head. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study performed in Ali ibn-e Abitaleb Hospital of Zahedan in 2018. The women underwent vaginal finger examination in the first phase of delivery, and then trans-abdominal ultrasound was performed for pregnant women. All examinations and ultrasounds were performed by one person with the same ultrasound device. Data were analyzed with SPSS software. Results: In this study, 100 pregnant women were studied in the first phase of pregnancy. The mean age of the subjects was 24.7 ± 5.5 years old. Fetal head position was determined in 81 and 93% of women with vaginal examination and ultrasound, respectively. There was weak agreement (kappa = 0.416). Fetal presentation was determined by finger examination in 93% of cases and by ultrasound in 100% of cases. There was moderate agreement (kappa = 0.783). Conclusions: In general, the results of this study showed that there was no significant difference between ultrasound and finger examination in the presentation and position of fetal head.

scholarly journals Awareness and practices regarding menarche in adolescent school going girls of Thrissur educational district

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 755 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Aswathy ◽  
C. R. Saju ◽  
Jenyz M. Mundodan
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Important Milestone

Background: Menarche is one important milestone in during adolescence. Many of girls experience menarche even before they are considered as adolescents. Unfortunately, many parents do not provide adequate information to the girls prior to menarche, because they consider it culturally inappropriate.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 432 adolescent girls in high school classes of Thrissur educational district. The participants were selected from six schools, two each of government, private and aided schools. A Self-Administered structured questionnaire was used for data collection after validation by pilot study. Data was collected on socio-demographic variables and awareness and practices regarding menarche Statistical analysis was done using SPSS statistical software version 23.Results: The age of attaining menarche ranged 7 to 14 years, with the mean age being 12.06 years SD=0.972.More than one-fourth of the girls 28.7% did not have prior knowledge about menstruation at the time of menarche. The major source of information about menstruation was the mother 68.8%, followed by friends 19.2%. Majority 61.3% of the subjects had correct knowledge regarding the cause of menstruation. More than half of the respondents 53.7% missed school days during menarche.Conclusions: The knowledge regarding menstruation was good for adolescent girls when compared to other studies in India. Awareness programs on adolescent girls must be developed and promoted at an early age prior to menarche. Mothers should be educated as they are an important source of information to their daughters.

scholarly journals Maxillary Intermolar Width Of Pakistanis With Untreated Normal Occlusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 139-141
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azeem ◽  
Arfan ul Haq ◽  
Javed Iqbal ◽  
Asif Iqbal ◽  
Waheed ul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Plaster Model

Objective: Intermolar width is a key measurement which assists in treatment planning of orthodontic patients requiring expansion as an alternate to premolar extraction. The present research was aimed at determining the mean value of intermolar arch width (IMW) of untreated normal arch Pakistani patients visiting tertiary care dental hospital Material & Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out using IMW measurements on plaster model of 120 untreated normal occlusion patients, at Department of Orthodontics, Faisalabad Medical University and de’Montmorency College of dentistry, from 15-12-2016 to 15-10-2017. The non probability consecutive sampling technique was used in this study. Data analysis was done using SPSS software 21.0.0. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 18.23±3.75 years. The mean value of IMW in selected subjects was 45.33±3.42 mm. Conclusion: Study results concluded that in Pakistanis, ideally align maxillary arch and occlusion can be achieved with upper intermolar distances of 45.33±3.42 mm

scholarly journals Evaluation of Endotracheal Tube Cuff Pressure in Intubated Patients in Emergency Department, Operating Rooms, and Icus of Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex in 2018; A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirhossein Orandi ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Mireskandari ◽  
Shahram Samadi ◽  
Negar Eftekhar ◽  
Mostafa Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Endotracheal Tube ◽  
Cuff Pressure ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Operating Rooms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spss Software

Background: Establishing and maintaining a secure airway using a cuffed endotracheal tube (ETT) is an important step in management of intubated patients. Out-of-range ETT cuff pressure is associated with various complications which could lengthen the hospital stay. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate ETT cuff pressure in intubated patients in the emergency department (ED), operating rooms (ORs), and Intensive Care Units (ICUs) of Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex (IKHC), Tehran, Iran. Methods: The ETT cuff pressure of 153 patients was measured using a standard manometer. Demographic data and duration of intubation were recorded. The data were analysed using the SPSS software version 16. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The ETT cuff pressure exceeded the recommended range in 125 out of 153 patients (81.7%). The mean cuff pressure (67.29 cmH2O) was significantly higher than the recommended range (p<0.001). The cuff pressure was higher in patients in the ORs compared to patients in the ED and ICU (OR=8.46, p<0.001). Conclusion: Intubation in the OR can be considered a risk factor for higher-than-normal ETT cuff pressure and subsequent complications. The ETT cuff pressure monitoring by means of a manometer is recommended.

scholarly journals The prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in a Tertiary Centre in Western Region, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-143
Author(s):  
Chandra Bahadur Pun ◽  
Sarita Tuladhar ◽  
Tirtha Lal Upadhyaya ◽  
Jamuna Gurung ◽  
Durga Dhungana
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Multisystem Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Tertiary Centre ◽  
Diabetes Retinopathy

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a multisystem disease. It has multiple complications like retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, diabetes ketoacidosis, and stroke. Diabetes retinopathy (DR) is one of the blinding complications of diabetes. This study was done to find out the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients attending in the outpatient department (OPD) of internal medicine, Gandaki Medical College and Teaching Hospital (GMCTHRC), Pokhara, Nepal. Materials and Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was performed among the 200 diabetes mellitus patients attending in the medicine OPD from 15th December 2017 to 15thDecember 2018. They were referred to eye OPD of GMC. The detailed eye examination including fundus evaluation under mydriasis was done to all the patients. The diagnosis of DR was graded using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study classification (ETDRS). Patients having hypertension and other retinal diseases were excluded from the study. Data analysis was done using statistical package for social sciences (SPPS) version 11.20. Results: The mean age of the patients was 63.02 ±11.8 years. In our study 60.5% of the patients were male and 39.5% were female. Diabetes retinopathy was seen in 29.5% patients, of which non proliferative diabetes retinopathy (NPDR) was present in 19.5%, proliferative diabetes retinopathy (PDR) in 9.5% and 0.5% had diabetes maculopathy. Conclusion: The prevalence of DR is quite significant in the people with diabetes. Early diagnosis and management of retinopathy will help to avoid blindness due to the diabetic retinopathy.  

scholarly journals The Proportion of Student Tuberculosis Cases and Treatment Outcome at Jimma University Medical Center: 5-Year Retrospective Study (11 Sep. 2010–10 Sep. 2015)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hiwot Tibebu ◽  
Habtemu J. Hebo
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Successful Treatment Outcome ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Record Review ◽  
Jimma University

Background. University students are highly congregated at classroom and residence (dormitory) which offer a special risk to exposure and transmission of tuberculosis. In Ethiopia, the number of students joining universities is increasing from time to time though infrastructure of the universities has not kept pace with this increment. However, compiled reports on the magnitude and trend of tuberculosis in the higher education institutions of Ethiopia are limited. Objective. This study was designed to determine the five years (Sep. 2010 to Sep. 2015) trend of the proportion of student tuberculosis cases and treatment outcome at Jimma University Medical Center. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Jimma University Medical Center. A total of 347 students from Jimma University who were registered and treated at Tuberculosis Clinic of Jimma University Medical Center were included in this study. Data were collected by record review using checklist prepared in English. Data were entered into EpiData and cleaned and analyzed by SPSS 20. Results. The mean proportion of student tuberculosis cases among total adult tuberculosis cases was 29.71% (347/1168). The mean proportion of student tuberculosis cases among the total students enrolled was nearly 0.38% (347/92,004). More than three-fourths (76.37% (265/347)) were male. Pulmonary tuberculosis accounted for 72.62% (252/347) and 54.40% (137/252) of these were smear-positive. Eight cases were positive for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. More than four-fifths (281/347) were new cases. The highest proportion (37.62%) was observed in 2010/11 while the lowest (12.03%) was observed in 2012/13. The proportion of tuberculosis dramatically decreased in the third year and significantly increased again in the last two years. Regarding treatment outcome, 98.75% (316/347) had successful treatment outcome (61.71% treatment completed; 38.29% cured). Four cases were defaults and there was not any death. Conclusion. The five years’ mean proportion of student tuberculosis cases among the total students enrolled was high in this study. However, the treatment success rate was better than the report of previous studies. Therefore, governmental and nongovernmental organizations concerned with tuberculosis must consider universities as focal points for the prevention and control of tuberculosis in Ethiopia.

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