scholarly journals Effect of dry cord care versus chlorhexidine cord care on cord separation time in healthy newborns: A comparative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
Rydam Basnet ◽  
Sunil Raja Manandhar ◽  
Anwesh Bhatta ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Shah ◽  
Ritika Basnet
Keyword(s):  
Direct Access ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Cord Care ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Separation Time ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Baseline Characteristics

Background:  Umbilical cord infection (omphalitis) is a major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in a developing country like Nepal. Detached umbilical stump is an important colonizing site for different types of bacteria and it also provides direct access to bloodstream. Hence, inadequate cord care may lead to omphalitis as well as neonatal sepsis. Objectives: This study aims to compare two different cord care regimens (dry cord care versus chlorhexidine cord care) on their cord separation time and the incidence of omphalitis. Methodology: This is a comparative observational study conducted at the Neonatal unit of Kathmandu Medical College over a three months period (August 2019 to October 2019).  All newborn babies born between 37 to 42 weeks of gestation were enrolled. Randomization for dry cord care and chlorhexidine cord care group was done via computer generated numbers. Statistical package for social sciences 19 version was used for statistical analysis.   Results: Among 514 term babies, 256 babies were included in the dry cord care group while 258 babies were enrolled in the chlorhexidine cord care group. The two groups had similar baseline characteristics. The mean cord separation time in the dry cord care group was 7.70±1.2 days (range 3-15 days), whereas in the chlorhexidine group, it was 7.77±1.4 days (range 4-18 days).  Conclusion: There was no significant difference between the cord separation times in dry and chlorhexidine cord care regimens. Both dry cord care and chlorhexidine cord care regimens were found to be safe and effective.

scholarly journals Chlorhexidine Cleansing of the Umbilical Cord and Cord Separation Time: A Hospital Based Study in Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Khairuzzaman ◽  
MA Mannan ◽  
Abdul Matin ◽  
Mst. Monjuman Ara Sarker ◽  
Nihar Ranjan Sarker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Cord Care ◽  
Maternal Acceptance ◽  
Separation Time ◽  
Umbilical Cord Care ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Level Hospital

Background: Cord separation time has evolved as an important justification for recommending against the topical use of chlorhexidine on the cord. Objective: This present study was undertaken to determine the impact of cord cleansing with chlorhexidine on cord separation time and maternal acceptance of chlorhexidine in umbilical cord care. Methods:  Between April 2013 to July 2014, 340 newborns were randomly assigned within a tertiary level hospital in Bangladesh to receive 1 of 2 cord care regimens: clean and dry cord care (control) and single cord cleansing with 4% chlorhexidine. Results: The mean cord separation time in newborns of chlorhexidine group was significantly longer than dry cord care group (p < 0.001). Mother of newborns in chlorhexidine group more frequently reported “longer than usual” cord separation time. Overall satisfaction of mother with cord separation time was high (95.9%). Conclusion: Topical chlorhexidine significantly increased cord separation time.Journal of Science Foundation, 2015;13(2):27-30DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsf.v13i2.27929

scholarly journals Anatomical and Visual Effects of Implantable Phakic Contact Lens on Correction of Myopia

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Ekram ◽  
Ahmed Mohamed Kamal Elshafei ◽  
Asmaa Anwar Mohamed ◽  
Mohamed Farouk Sayed Othman Abdelkader
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the anatomical effects of implantable phakic contact lens (IPCL) (Care Group, India) on anterior segment and its visual outcomes .Patients and methods: In a prospective interventional case series study, 60 highly myopic eyes of 32 patients were subjected to IPCL implantation in the Ophthalmology Department of Minia University Hospital, Egypt from January 2019 to June 2021. All patients had complete ophthalmic examination and were followed up for 1 year. Pentacam was used for preoperative and postoperative estimation of anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber angle (ACA), anterior chamber volume (ACV) and IPCL vault in the 1st, 3rd, and 12th months. Assessment of corneal endothelium was done using specular microscope preoperatively and after 12 months. Preoperative and postoperative refraction and visual acuity were measured. Results: There was a statistically significant decrease in ACD, ACA, and ACV. There was no significant difference between preoperative and postoperative mean intraocular pressure (IOP) by the 12th month (P=0.163). The mean preoperative endothelial cell count (ECD) was significantly reduced from 2929.3±248 cells/mm2 to 2737.9±303 cells/mm2 at the 12th month (P<0.001). with a statistically highly significant improvement of mean Log Mar uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) from 1.48±0.19 preoperatively to 0.46±0.11 by the end of follow up (P<0.001) with insignificant difference between preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and postoperative UCVA (P=0.209). In the 12th month, the mean vault was 240±540 μm. No sight threatening complications occurred.Conclusion: Although IPCL induced anatomical changes, it was safe and effective for correction of high myopia.

scholarly journals TO STUDY THE ONSET AND PROGRESSION OF AIRWAY ABNORMALITY IN TERMS OF ALTERATION IN PFT IN ASYMPTOMATIC SMOKERS.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Hitesh Kumar Solanki ◽  
Dr. Omnath P Yadav ◽  
Dr. Anita J Gojiya
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Young Smokers ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

The study was conducted in department of physiology, B J Medical College, Ahmedabad from Mar. 2012 to Feb. 2013. This was a cross-sectional study to evaluate the effect of smoking on lung   function and serum lipids in asymptomatic smokers   and comparable non   smokers. The mean of the various spirometric parameters were calculated of the subjects for both the groups. The mean FVC in group I and group II was 2.60 ± 0.62 L and 4.10 ± 0.64L respectively. The mean FEV1 in group I was 1.91 ± 0.57L and     3.19 ± 0.77L in group II Group I had mean FEF25% - 75% and PEFR of 1.98 ± 0.67L/sec and 4.50 ± 1.57L/sec respectively. Group II had mean FEF25 – 75% of 4.22 ± 1.23L/sec and a mean PEFR of 7.22 ± 1.42L/sec. In young smokers and asymptomatic, still the spirometric values were significantly deranged as compared to controls. Even smokers with history of less pack years of smoking also had significant abnormalities of lung function. All he spirometric values in the two groups had statistically highly significant difference and were higher in non-smokers as compared to smokers. The spirometric values were reduced in smokers with history of smoking for as low as two pack years. Keywords: Progression, PFT, Asymptomatic & Smokers

scholarly journals A biochemical profile of cardiac involvement in perinatal asphyxia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senthil Kumar P. ◽  
Durai Arasan G.
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Cardiac Involvement ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
P Value ◽  
Perinatal Hypoxia ◽  
Specific Enzyme ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: Perinatal hypoxia is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in developing countries like India, and even in developed countries. Perinatal hypoxia can result in Transient myocardial ischemia, tricuspid and mitral regurgitation, myocardial infarction, cardiac failure. The measurement of Creatine kinase -MB isoenzyme a cardiac specific enzyme helps in assessing the degree of myocardial involvement in asphyxiated infants.Methods: A Prospective case-control study was done in a Tertiary care centre serving rural areas predominantly, to determine the cardiac involvement by measuring serum MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase in perinatally asphyxiated inborn term babies for a period of six months.Results: There was a significant difference in the CK-MB values with regard to weight in both cases and controls. The mean CK-MB levels were higher in babies who had assisted delivery (forceps and breech) than those delivered by labour natural and LSCS. Mean CK-MB values of asphyxiated and controls were 133.8u/l and 27.12 u/l respectively with a p value of < 0.01. There was a significant difference between HIE1 and 3 with a p value of<0.02. Out of 60 cases 28 had abnormal ECG findings (46.6%). Statistically significant difference was found in the mean CK-MB between the normal and Grade4 ECG changes group. The overall predictive accuracy of CK-MB is high in Perinatal asphyxia (88%), Cardiac involvement (83%), Mortality (83%) and a moderate predictive accuracy for HIE (75%).Conclusions: Cardiac abnormalities in asphyxiated neonates are often underdiagnosed and requires high index of suspicion. Cardiac specific enzyme CK-MB helps in early recognition of myocardial damage and better management of cases, would reduce the neonatal mortality and morbidity. An expectant eye can be kept for complications in babies with markedly elevated CK-MB enzyme. 

Abstract 321: Impact Of Chronic Kidney Disease On Heart Failure Outcomes In A Minority Cohort

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
TAOPHEEQ MUSTAPHA ◽  
VARIJA BHOGIREDDY ◽  
HARTMAN MADU ◽  
ADU BOACHIE ◽  
ABDUL OSENI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
African American ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) and Chronic kidney disease (CKD) are major public health problems that often co-exist with a resultant high mortality and morbidity. Most of the studies evaluating their reciprocal prognostic impact have focused on mortality in majority populations. There is limited literature on the impact of CKD on HF morbidities in ethnic minorities. AIMS: Our study seeks to compare HF outcomes in patients with or without CKD in an African-American predominant cohort. METHODS: We obtained data from the NGH at Meharry Heart Failure Cohort; a comprehensive retrospective HF database comprised of patient care data (HF admissions, non-HF admissions, and emergency room visits) were assessed from January 2006 to December 2008. The study group consist of 306 subjects with a mean age of 65±15 years. 81% were African-American (AA), 19% Caucasian and 48.5% are females. Following the NKF KDOQI guidelines, 5 stages of CKD were outlined based on GFR. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of CKD in this population is 54.2%. CKD stage 1 was most prevalent with 45.8%, prevalence for stages 2-5 are 21.6%, 18.3%, 9.5% and 4.9% respectively. The comparison of the mean of ER visits, non HF hospitalizations and HF hospitalizations between normal and CKD patients was done using independent t-test and showed no significant difference in the mean number of ER visits (p=0.564), or HF hospitalizations(p=0.235). However, there is a statistically significant difference in the mean number of non -HF hospitalizations between normal and CKD patients (p=0.031). CONCLUSION: This study shows that the prevalence of CKD in this minority -predominant HF cohort is similar to prior studies in majority populations. However, only the non-HF hospitalizations were significantly increased in the CKD group. Future prospective studies will be needed to define the implications of this in the management of HF patients with CKD.

Comparison of the effect of self-care education in a disaster with two student-centered and family-centered approaches to self-care in students

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Eskandari ◽  
Minoo Motaghi
Keyword(s):  
Self Care ◽  
The Self ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Care Education ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Family Centered

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this research was to compare the effect of self-care education in disasters with two student-centered and family-centered approaches to self-care in students of the Red Crescent Societies in the city of Lenjan in 2017. Methods One hundred and fifty individuals were selected by random sampling from 270 people. The research instrument was a questionnaire. The questionnaire was approved by the opinion of supervisors and other experts. The present research is a quasi-experimental study. The covariance analysis was used to determine the difference between the two groups in the experimental and control groups and the effect of educational intervention. All of the above steps were performed using the SPSS 23 statistical program. Results The results indicate that there is a significant difference between the two groups in self-care through the student-centered approach. The mean of the self-care group with a family-centered approach (21.72) was more than the mean of the control group in this variable (16.61). Moreover, the mean of the self-care group’s education with family-centered approaches (42.61) was more than the mean of self-care education h in a disaster with a student-centered approach (31.23). Conclusion According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference between self-care education with two student-centered and family-based approaches to self-care in students, and a family-centered approach has better outcomes.

A Randomised Controlled Trail of Plasma Exchange in Rapidly Progressive Renal Failure of Myeloma.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 4899-4899
Author(s):  
William F. Clark ◽  
A. Keith Stewart ◽  
Gail A. Rock ◽  
Marion Sternbach ◽  
David M. Sutton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Plasma Exchange ◽  
Kidney Failure ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Baseline Characteristics

Abstract In myeloma, plasma exchange (PE) has been suggested to prevent rapidly progressive kidney failure by reducing exposure to nephrotoxic light chains. We carried out a randomized controlled multi-centre trial comparing PE or no PE in 104 patients of whom 101 met the inclusion, exclusion criteria and 4 were lost to follow-up. We compared baseline characteristics as well as renal outcomes and performed a futility analysis to determine the sample size necessary for potential statistical significance for the changes noted. Thirty-nine patients were randomized to the control group and 58 to the PE group with a 6-month follow-up. The baseline characteristics of these 2 groups were similar including serum creatinine, dialysis dependence, age, gender, serum calcium, serum albumin, 24 -hour urine for protein levels and Durie-Salmon myeloma staging. Thirteen (33.3%) of the control group and 19 (33.3%) of the PE group died within 6 months of follow up. Ten patients (31%) in the control and 10 patients (21%) in the PE arm were dialysis dependent at 6 months. Seven patients (47%) came off dialysis in the control and 13 patients (59%) in the PE arm with the mean number of dialysis days from 0–6 months being 45.7±67.6 in the control versus 29.2±56.1 in the PE arm at 6 months. The mean serum creatinine in the control group was 314.6±256.1 μmol/L versus 215.4±215.3 μmol/L in the PE group and the composite end point of death, dialysis or serum creatinine >254 μmol/L occurred in 12 (30.8%) in the control and 11 (19.3%) in the PE arm. The futility analysis to indicate the per group sample size necessary to achieve statistical significance at 6 months for the difference we observed was infinite for cumulative mortality, 805 for dialysis dependence, 2418 for coming off dialysis, 321 for number of dialysis days, 132 for creatinine difference of 100 μmol/L and for the composite outcome of death, dialysis or creatinine>354 μmol/L, 737. We did not observe a statistically significant difference in mortality or renal morbidity for PE versus no PE in patients with myeloma and rapidly progressive kidney failure.

scholarly journals Vitamin E in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2257
Author(s):  
Vilvapriya S. ◽  
Vinodhini S.
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pain Severity ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Primary Dysmenorrhoea ◽  
Relieve Pain ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pain Duration ◽  
The Mean

Background: The objective of this study is to determine the efficacy of Vitamin E in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea compared to the placebo.Methods: Sixty women, aged 17-25 years old who suffered from primary dysmenorrhoea, among 1000 Women attending the gynec OPD in Kilpauk Medical College. 30 women were given 200 units of vitamin E (each tablet twice daily) and 30 were given a placebo tablets (each tablet twice daily). The treatment began two days before the beginning of menstruation and continued through the first three days of bleeding. The severity of pain and duration of pain before and after the treatment was studied. Treatment in both groups was carried out in three consecutive menstrual periods.Results: As to the findings, the mean age of the participants was 22.6 years. There was a significant difference between the pre- and post-treatment periods in terms of pain severity (P=0.72 and P=0.002, respectively) and pain duration (P=0.514 and P=0.027, respectively) in Vitamin E group. There was a significant difference observed between the Vitamin E group and placebo group regarding the mean of pain severity and duration (P=0.002 and p=0.027 respectively).Conclusions: Vitamin E helps to relieve pain in primary dysmenorrhoea. As this is a relatively easier method for control of pain with lesser amount of side effects and as it is cost effective, it can be considered as a universal drug in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hyponatremia in pulmonary tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Manoranjan Dash ◽  
Ranjan Kumar Sen ◽  
Bibhu P. Behera ◽  
Swapna Sarit Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Electrolyte Abnormality ◽  
Medicine Department ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Low Sodium ◽  
Duration Of Hospitalization ◽  
The Mean ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Common Infection

Background: Tuberculosis is one of the most common infection in India and is associated with high mortality. India ranks 14th out of top 22 countries who are burdened with TB infections.Methods: It is a prospective study after getting the ethical committee clearance from the institute. The patients admitted to Chest and TB, Medicine Department of SLN medical college and Hospital, Koraput, Odisha from Jan 2019 to December 2019 with pulmonary tuberculosis were included in the study.Results: A total of 65 adult patients with active PTB were included in this study with age ranging from 15 to 69 years. The mean age of patients was 38.80 + 15.03 years. The total mean serum sodium levels among the subjects was 135.5+7.23. Among 65 patients, 26 (40%) patients had low sodium levels which was less than 135mmol/l out of which 21 (42%) were males and 5 (33%) were females. In all the groups of hyponatremias, majority were found to be males when compared to the females in their respective groups.Conclusions: Hence patients with PTB have to be evaluated for hyponatremia as early detection and treatment of underlying electrolyte abnormality can potentially reduce mortality and morbidity associated with tuberculosis and also can shorten the duration of hospitalization.

scholarly journals Early enteral nutrition in acute pancreatitis - how beneficial is it?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shruthikamal Venkat ◽  
Rajesh Subramaniam ◽  
Vijai Raveendran
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Early Enteral Nutrition ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Severe Pancreatitis ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease of pancreas and is one of the leading cause of acute abdomen requiring hospital admission. Nutritional support plays a crucial role in this hypercatabolic state in not only providing calories but also in preventing complications and decreasing recovery time.Methods: This prospective study was done among 120 patients with acute moderate and severe pancreatitis who got admitted in department of general surgery at Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India between 2018 and 2019.Results: 67 (55.8%) patients were in early enteral and 53 (44.2%) were in parenteral/delayed enteral group. Maximum number of patients were in 30-40 years age group. The mean of patient age was 40.33. Mean duration of hospital stay in enteral group was 7.06 and in parenteral/delayed enteral group it was 14.09 (p<0.001). Mean pain score in enteral group was 2.69 and in parenteral group it was 6.51 (p<0.001).Conclusions: There was significant (p<0.001) decrease in hospital stay duration and pain score in early enteral group compared to parenteral/delayed enteral group. Infections related to feeding route was found high in parenteral group. No significant difference found in complications of acute pancreatitis. Hence early enteral feeding is more beneficial in terms of shortened hospital stay, decreased pain score leading to reduction in usage of analgesics and reducing the recovery time and less nutrition related complications in management of acute moderate and severe pancreatitis.

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