scholarly journals Cardiovascular Disease Pattern of Admitted Cases In Medical Ward in 2002 At SGNHC

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Deewakar Sharma ◽  
CP Chaulagain
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Disease Pattern ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Heart

Cardiovascular disease accounts for nearly half of all deaths in developed countries. In developing countries, though communicable diseases still possess the major threat, cardiovascular diseases are rising at an alarming rate. About a quarter of total annual death is caused by cardiovascular disease in developing world. Rheumatic heart disease is considered “disease of the poor’ and is already a big burden in developing countries. But the markedly increased incidence of coronary artery disease in these recent years has alarmed the health care professionals of developing countries. Increasing trend of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity and changing pattern of cardiovascular disease have forced us to look into this matter more seriously.

scholarly journals Current Scenario of Heart Diseases in Nepal: At a glance

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Shakya ◽  
D Sharma ◽  
YD Bhatta
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Heart Center ◽  
Artery Disease

Background Cardiovascular disease no more remains as a disease of developed countries. It is affecting developing countries as well. In addition, developing countries have big challenge to deal with these because of lack of resources and lack of studies related to it. This study is an attempt to portrait a picture of cardiovascular problems in Nepal on the basis of records obtained in various cardiac camps conducted by Shahid Gangalal National Heart Center in September 2008 to July 2011. Methods and materials The reports of 19 cardiac camps were analyzed. Result The proportion of congenital heart disease in cardiac camps ranges from 0.35% (Dolakha) to 5.04% (Dhangadi). The proportion of RHD ranges from 3.25% (Bhaktapur) to 30.67% (Dhangadi). The proportion of hypertension ranges from 5.11% (Dolakha) to 39.41% (Baglung). The proportion of CAD ranges from 0.56% (Tikapur) to 15.12% (Birgunj). Conclusion The proportion of CHD and RHD were found the highest in Dhangadi. The lowest proportion of hypertension was found in Dolakha, the study was conducted in Singati, which is the most remote area among the areas included in this study. The highest proportion of hypertension was found in Baglung. The highest proportion of Coronary artery disease was found in Birgunj. In every camp, the hypertension claims the major proportion of cardiovascular problem. It reflects, Nepal is in a rising epidemic of coronary artery disease. Preventive programs should be emphasized sooner as possible to prevent catastrophic effect of Cardiovascular Disease in Nepal. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njh.v8i1.8333 Nepalese Heart Journal Vol.8(1) 2011 pp.23-26

scholarly journals A Guide to the Short, Long and Circular RNAs in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3666
Author(s):  
Priscilla R. Prestes ◽  
Michelle C. Maier ◽  
Bradley A. Woods ◽  
Fadi J. Charchar
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Gene Expression Regulation ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Artery Disease

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in adults in developed countries. CVD encompasses many diseased states, including hypertension, coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis. Studies in animal models and human studies have elucidated the contribution of many genetic factors, including non-coding RNAs. Non-coding RNAs are RNAs not translated into protein, involved in gene expression regulation post-transcriptionally and implicated in CVD. Of these, circular RNAs (circRNAs) and microRNAs are relevant. CircRNAs are created by the back-splicing of pre-messenger RNA and have been underexplored as contributors to CVD. These circRNAs may also act as biomarkers of human disease, as they can be extracted from whole blood, plasma, saliva and seminal fluid. CircRNAs have recently been implicated in various disease processes, including hypertension and other cardiovascular disease. This review article will explore the promising and emerging roles of circRNAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in CVD, in particular hypertension.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Disease in Bangladesh: A Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKM Monwarul Islam ◽  
AKM Mohibullah ◽  
Timir Paul
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Current Prevalence ◽  
High Salt Intake ◽  
Disease Pattern ◽  
Artery Disease

Like elsewhere, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an increasingly important cause of morbidity and mortality in Bangladesh. Over the past few decades, because of epidemiological transition, the prevailing disease pattern in this country changed from predominantly communicable to predominantly non- communicable disease, CVD contributes to the latter a lot. Actually, CVD particularly coronary artery disease (CAD) is getting epidemic proportion day by day. Hypertension and heart failure are on the rise, whereas the prevalence of acute rheumatic fever is declining. However, despite some efforts, reliable data concerning various aspects of CVD is inadequate at present. The current prevalence of hypertension, CAD, rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease and stroke may be 20-25%, 4-6%, <1/1000, 0.3- 1.0% respectively. Besides conventional risk factors for different CVD, genetic predisposition and some novel issues like high salt intake, arsenicosis, hypovitaminosis D and air pollution may play important role in the aetiopathogenesis of CVD in this population. Formulation of appropriate policy and more emphasis on preventive strategy may help combat CVD in Bangladesh.Bangladesh Heart Journal 2016; 31(2) : 80-99

scholarly journals Ankle-Brachial Index as a Predictor for Cardiovascular Disease in Postmenopausal Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 015-019
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Lasya Manchikanti ◽  
Madhuri Taranikanti ◽  
Akhila Dronamraju ◽  
Sudha Bala ◽  
Rohith Kumar Guntuka
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background and Aim Menopausal women are at an increasing risk of cardiovascular diseases due to ovarian failure with estrogen deficiency. Redistribution of fat leading to abdominal obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Dyslipidemia is one of the risk factors for peripheral artery disease (PAD) and coronary artery disease (CAD). Prevalence of PAD in women is similar or even higher than men, especially after menopause. ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a gold standard technique to diagnose PAD and acts as an independent prognostic marker to identify patients with high cardiovascular risk. This study aims to compare the ABI between pre- and postmenopausal women and to show that routine use of ABI as a screening tool can be valuable in predicting mortality and morbidity from heart diseases in peri- and postmenopausal women. Material and Methods A cross-sectional study was done on a total of 107 women with no prior medical diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and history of smoking. Fifty pre- and 57 postmenopausal women were included in this study. Anthropometric parameters such as height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were measured. ABI was calculated by measuring the systolic pressures at posterior tibial artery and brachial artery, as per the protocols using digital data acquisition system. Results BMI in postmenopausal women was significantly higher with p = 0.0023. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly higher in postmenopausal women (p = 0.000001), and ABI was found to be significantly lower in postmenopausal women particularly on the left side. Conclusion ABI serves as an efficient indicator of PAD. It becomes necessary to understand the progression of PAD as its presence can increase the risk of mortality and morbidity from CAD. Early diagnosis of cardiovascular disease through simple techniques such as ABI measurement would provide scope for early interventional strategies.

scholarly journals Training of Ultrasound in Neonatology: Global or Local?

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-345 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Obstet Gynecol ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Basic Health ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Training Opportunities

ABSTRACT From the beginning of its use in neonatology, ultrasound is used more frequently and for many indications. Number of indications is increasing from year to year, while the training opportunities and curricula are not following the same trend. Nowadays ultrasound has been used for determination of functional hemodynamics in critically sick neonates which increases educational burden on the young neonatologists. This only applies to the developed countries where neonatology is well developed, while in low income so called developing countries some basic health problems of neonates have not been solved and there is substantial lack of health care professionals and equipment as well. How to cite this article Stanojevic M. Training of Ultrasound in Neonatology: Global or Local? Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(3):338-345.

scholarly journals Polymers and Nanoparticles for Statin Delivery: Current Use and Future Perspectives in Cardiovascular Disease

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 711
Author(s):  
Antonio Nenna ◽  
Francesco Nappi ◽  
Domenico Larobina ◽  
Emanuele Verghi ◽  
Massimo Chello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Cardiac Regeneration ◽  
Statin Treatment ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Artery Disease

Atherosclerosis-related coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading sources of mortality and morbidity in the world. Primary and secondary prevention appear crucial to reduce CAD-related complications. In this scenario, statin treatment was shown to be clinically effective in the reduction of adverse events, but systemic administration provides suboptimal results. As an attempt to improve bioavailability and effectiveness, polymers and nanoparticles for statin delivery were recently investigated. Polymers and nanoparticles can help statin delivery and their effects by increasing oral bioavailability or enhancing target-specific interaction, leading to reduced vascular endothelial dysfunction, reduced intimal hyperplasia, reduced ischemia-reperfusion injury, increased cardiac regeneration, positive remodeling in the extracellular matrix, reduced neointimal growth and increased re-endothelization. Moreover, some innovative aspects described in other cardiovascular fields could be translated into the CAD scenario. Recent preclinical studies are underlining the effect of statins in the stimulation and differentiation of endogenous cardiac stem cells, as well as in targeting of local adverse conditions implicated in atherosclerosis, and statin delivery through poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) appears the most promising aspect of current research to enhance drug activity. The present review intends to summarize the current evidence about polymers and nanoparticles for statin delivery in the field of cardiovascular disease, trying to shed light on this topic and identify new avenues for future studies.

scholarly journals Determinants of Growth Retardation in Pakistani Children under Five Years of Age

2001 ◽  
Vol 40 (4II) ◽  
pp. 1009-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Arshad Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
The World ◽  
Infant And Child Mortality

Ensuring the survival and well being of children is a concern of families, communities, and nations throughout the world. Since the turn of the 20th century infant and child mortality in more developed countries has steadily declined and, currently, has been reduced to almost minimal levels. In contrast, although infant and child mortality has declined in the past three decades in most less developed countries, the pace of change and the magnitude of improvement vary considerably from one country to another. Children are at risk of both mortality and morbidity. The problem of malnutrition is widespread in developing countries and particularly severe in South Asian countries, where almost fifty percent of the undernourished children of the world live [Carlson and Wardlaw (1990)]. Rural populations are especially prone to malnutrition because they are more likely to be poor [Tinger (1998)]. The analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) in 19 developing countries shows that children living in rural areas are more likely to be malnourished [Sommerfelt and Stewart (1994)].

scholarly journals Comparison of Colorectal cancer prognosis between developed and developing countries: A literature review.

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkatesh Ramaswamy Naik
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cancer Prognosis ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Treatment Practice ◽  
The World ◽  
Standardized Screening

Background: The cancer is caused when cells start dividing abnormally in the body. Age, genetics and lifestyle are major risk factors in developing cancer. The World Cancer Research Fund states that colorectal cancer incidence is globally ranked third in men and second in women. This highlights the need for effective screening and management of colorectal cancer to achieve better prognosis to prevent mortality and morbidity. Screening and management are not uniform all over the world, and it is affected by the economy of individual countries. In this context, we aimed to explore the prognosis of colorectal cancer in developed and developing countries and also to look for the factors affecting the prognosis.Material and Methods: A systematic search of the peer-reviewed journals from databases at Perdana University library which includes British Medical Journal, Up To Date, The Lancet, and Pubmed was done to answer the research questions. Results: We found that developed countries were in the west having a predominantly Caucasian population. The 5-year survival of patients with colorectal cancer (2008-13) was found to be least in Poland and the highest in Australia. In the developing countries it was found to have a broad representation from different ethnicities. The 5-year survival of colorectal cancer fwas ound to be least in Ghana and highest in Turkey.Conclusion: Looking at the results, the range of prognosis among developed countries is narrower than those in developing countries. This may be due to standardized screening and treatment practice in developed countries.

The Impact of Changing Global Patterns of Atherosclerosis on Stress Testing

2018 ◽  
pp. 535-542
Author(s):  
Sonia R. Samtani ◽  
Gregory S. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Exercise Testing ◽  
Stress Testing ◽  
Surgical Care ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Wide Availability ◽  
Severe Coronary Artery ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cvd Mortality

The Impact of Changing Global Atherosclerosis Patterns on Stress Testing chapter reviews changes in cardiovascular death (CVD) mortality in developed and developing countries and its impact on exercise testing. Age-adjusted CVD mortality in the United States decreased by 75% between 1950 and 2014. Similar decreases have occurred in other developed countries. The causes of this decrease represent decreases in risk factor burden and improvement in medical and surgical care. With a decreasing burden of CVD in many countries patients are presenting for exercise testing with less severe coronary artery disease. CVD mortality in developing countries, however, including in India and China, is increasing. The wide availability and cost-effectiveness of exercise testing makes it an ideal first test for most patients being evaluated for CVD in both developed and developing countries. .

scholarly journals Diet and Chronic Diseases: Is There a Mediating Effect of Inflammation?

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin Shivappa
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Chronic non-communicable diseases like cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes represent the majority of the current burden of disease worldwide, with higher rates and impacts in developed countries but also with alarming trends in developing countries [...]

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