scholarly journals A Guide to the Short, Long and Circular RNAs in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3666
Author(s):  
Priscilla R. Prestes ◽  
Michelle C. Maier ◽  
Bradley A. Woods ◽  
Fadi J. Charchar
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Gene Expression Regulation ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Artery Disease

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in adults in developed countries. CVD encompasses many diseased states, including hypertension, coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis. Studies in animal models and human studies have elucidated the contribution of many genetic factors, including non-coding RNAs. Non-coding RNAs are RNAs not translated into protein, involved in gene expression regulation post-transcriptionally and implicated in CVD. Of these, circular RNAs (circRNAs) and microRNAs are relevant. CircRNAs are created by the back-splicing of pre-messenger RNA and have been underexplored as contributors to CVD. These circRNAs may also act as biomarkers of human disease, as they can be extracted from whole blood, plasma, saliva and seminal fluid. CircRNAs have recently been implicated in various disease processes, including hypertension and other cardiovascular disease. This review article will explore the promising and emerging roles of circRNAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in CVD, in particular hypertension.

scholarly journals Role of circular RNAs in cardiovascular diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 244 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Gong ◽  
Gengze Wu ◽  
Chunyu Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Promising Target ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Expression Abundance ◽  
Therapeutic Perspective

Over the last several decades, cardiovascular diseases largely increase the morbidity and mortality especially in developed countries, affecting millions of people worldwide. Although extensive work over the last two decades attempted to decipher the molecular network of regulating the pathogenesis and progression of these diseases, evidences from clinical trials with newly revealed targets failed to show more evidently salutary effects, indicating the inefficiency of understanding the complete regulatory landscape. Recent studies have shifted their focus from coding genes to the non-coding ones, which consist of microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and the lately re-discovered a unique group of RNAs—circular RNAs (circRNAs). As the focus now has been shifted to the newly identified group of non-coding RNAs, circRNAs exhibit stability, highly conservation and relative enriched expression abundance in some cases, which are distinct from their cognate linear counterparts—lncRNAs. So far, emerging evidence begins to support the critical role of circRNAs in organogenesis and pathogenesis as exemplified in the central nervous system, and could be just as implicative in the cardiovascular system, suggesting a therapeutic perspective in related diseases. Impact statement Circular RNAs are important regulators of multiple biological processes such as organogenesis and oncogenesis. Although the bulk of concerning studies focused on revealing their diversified roles in various types of cancers, reports began to accumulate in cardiovascular field these days. We summarize circular RNAs implicated in cardiovascular diseases, aiming to highlight the advances in the knowledge of such diseases and their potential of being promising target for diagnosis and therapy.

scholarly journals The Emerging Role of Long Non-coding RNAs and Circular RNAs in Coronary Artery Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard ◽  
Mahdi Gholipour ◽  
Mohammad Taheri
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Numerous Cell ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Artery Disease

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a common disorder caused by atherosclerotic processes in the coronary arteries. This condition results from abnormal interactions between numerous cell types in the artery walls. The main participating factors in this process are accumulation of lipid deposits, endothelial cell dysfunction, macrophage induction, and changes in smooth muscle cells. Several lines of evidence underscore participation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the pathogenesis of CAD. Several lncRNAs such as H19, ANRIL, MIAT, lnc-DC, IFNG-AS1, and LEF1-AS1 have been shown to be up-regulated in the biological materials obtained from CAD patients. On the other hand, Gas5, Chast, HULC, DICER1-AS1, and MEG3 have been down-regulated in CAD patients. Meanwhile, a number of circRNAs have been demonstrated to influence function of endothelial cells or vascular smooth muscle cells, thus contributing to the pathogenesis of CAD. In the current review, we summarize the function of lncRNAs and circRNAs in the development and progression of CAD.

P5394Whole transcriptome sequencing to define monocyte subpopulation-specific lncRNA profiles in acute myocardial infarction patients and healthy controls

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Kratzer ◽  
H Giral Arnal ◽  
V Franke ◽  
M Moobed ◽  
A Akalin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Human Monocyte ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Monocyte Subpopulations ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Abstract Background Monocytes are important immune cells in both onset and resolution of inflammation during pathologies such as acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and atherosclerosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as novel regulatory and highly cell-specific molecules that can modulate cell physiology in numerous ways such as mRNA (de-)stabilization, micro RNA sponging or scaffolding of RNA binding proteins. Purpose Define a complete human monocyte subpopulation-specific transcriptome of long non-coding RNAs and characterize the difference in the profile of these RNA molecules in AMI patients. Methods and results Human monocyte subpopulations, defined as classical, intermediate and non-classical based on the expression of the surface markers CD14 and CD16, were collected on a FACS Aria II. Ribosomal-depleted cDNA libraries generated from total RNA were processed for Next Generation Sequencing on a HiSeq Illumina 2000. Computationally intensive bioinformatics revealedannotated lncRNAs, antisense, pseudogene and circular RNAs with significant difference in their expression profiles within subpopulations of healthy donors such as MEG3 or TERC, potential role players in cardiovascular disease. Our data also unraveled novel non-annotated ncRNAs not yet reported to reference databases, which are expected to be monocyte-specific. We applied certain criteria to identify potential candidate molecules such as annotation with existing Ensembl ID and a pre-determined expression level. Thereupon we selected differentially regulated long non-coding RNAs differentially expressed in cardiovascular disease and discovered 18 annotated potential lncRNAs dysregulated in classical monocytes of AMI patients such as HLX antisense, which might be involved in monocyte differentiation. Additional 5 targets appeared specific only for differences in intermediate and 3 with additional specific differences only in non-classical monocytes.Real-time PCR was applied for validation of long non-coding linear and circular RNAs differential expression and also to determine their nucleocytoplasmic distribution. We observed preferential nuclear expression for most lncRNAs in contrast to cytoplasmic circRNAs. In vitro assays for silencing and overexpressing certain target molecules as well astreatment withinflammatory stimuli and in silicoanalysis with different bioinformatics tools such as FANTOM and UCSC browser will help to unravel their functionality. Conclusions Next generation sequencing allowed us to define a human monocyte subpopulation-specific long non-coding transcriptome that presented significant differences in both lncRNA and circRNAs within monocyte subpopulations of healthy subjects and AMI patients. Studying functional mechanisms of identified lncRNAs and their interaction with the coding genome will help to unravel novel regulatory means of monocytes in acute myocardial infarction providing new opportunities for therapeutic approaches. Acknowledgement/Funding DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany;Berlin Institute of Health (BIH);Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)

scholarly journals Analysis of the genetic predisposition to develop a Myocardial Infarction in a sample of Moroccan patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 319 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
Fatima Ezzahra Anaibar ◽  
Sana Essenhagi ◽  
Said Nassor Abeid ◽  
Hamid Farhane ◽  
Majida Motrane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
High Level ◽  
Moroccan Patients

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a multifactorial coronary artery disease influenced by environmental and genetic factors. Being one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in developed countries, it is becoming a national health concern in developing countries such as Morocco. In the present work, we aim to study the association between 4 Alu polymorphisms (ACE, FXIII-B, TPA-25 and APOA1) genes and the risk of MI in the Moroccan population. 210 patients with a history of myocardial infarction and 203 healthy individuals were included in this study. The Alu polymorphisms were determined by the PCR technique followed by direct electrophoresis. Only the I / I_APOA1 genotype showed a significant association with the risk of MI (p˂0.001; OR = 2.171), while genotypes carrying the D allele (D / D or I / D) showed a protective effect (p <0.001; OR = 0.46). Patients presenting an association between I / I and a high level of triglycerides (p = 0.020, OR = 2.14)), as well as a significant association with a high level of LDLs (p = 0.035, OR = 2, 00). Subjects carrying the I / I_APOA1 genotype with dyslipidemia or hyperglycemia are more likely to develop MI, as are those carrying I / D_APOA1 with hyperglycemia or high cholesterol.

scholarly journals Non-coding RNA in endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition

2019 ◽  
Vol 115 (12) ◽  
pp. 1716-1731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie S Hulshoff ◽  
Gonzalo del Monte-Nieto ◽  
Jason Kovacic ◽  
Guido Krenning
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Therapeutic Application ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Endothelial To Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Organ Fibrosis

Abstract Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is the process wherein endothelial cells lose their typical endothelial cell markers and functions and adopt a mesenchymal-like phenotype. EndMT is required for development of the cardiac valves, the pulmonary and dorsal aorta, and arterial maturation, but activation of the EndMT programme during adulthood is believed to contribute to several pathologies including organ fibrosis, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, modulate EndMT during development and disease. Here, we review the mechanisms by which non-coding RNAs facilitate or inhibit EndMT during development and disease and provide a perspective on the therapeutic application of non-coding RNAs to treat fibroproliferative cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Disease Pattern of Admitted Cases In Medical Ward in 2002 At SGNHC

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Deewakar Sharma ◽  
CP Chaulagain
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Disease Pattern ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Heart

Cardiovascular disease accounts for nearly half of all deaths in developed countries. In developing countries, though communicable diseases still possess the major threat, cardiovascular diseases are rising at an alarming rate. About a quarter of total annual death is caused by cardiovascular disease in developing world. Rheumatic heart disease is considered “disease of the poor’ and is already a big burden in developing countries. But the markedly increased incidence of coronary artery disease in these recent years has alarmed the health care professionals of developing countries. Increasing trend of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity and changing pattern of cardiovascular disease have forced us to look into this matter more seriously.

scholarly journals Targeting Epigenetics and Non-coding RNAs in Myocardial Infarction: From Mechanisms to Therapeutics

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhong Chen ◽  
Zhichao Liu ◽  
Li Ma ◽  
Shengwei Gao ◽  
Huanjie Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Genetic Screening ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Novel Therapies ◽  
Regulation Mechanisms ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a complicated pathology triggered by numerous environmental and genetic factors. Understanding the effect of epigenetic regulation mechanisms on the cardiovascular disease would advance the field and promote prophylactic methods targeting epigenetic mechanisms. Genetic screening guides individualised MI therapies and surveillance. The present review reported the latest development on the epigenetic regulation of MI in terms of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA-dependent MI mechanisms and the novel therapies based on epigenetics.

scholarly journals Current Scenario of Heart Diseases in Nepal: At a glance

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Shakya ◽  
D Sharma ◽  
YD Bhatta
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Heart Center ◽  
Artery Disease

Background Cardiovascular disease no more remains as a disease of developed countries. It is affecting developing countries as well. In addition, developing countries have big challenge to deal with these because of lack of resources and lack of studies related to it. This study is an attempt to portrait a picture of cardiovascular problems in Nepal on the basis of records obtained in various cardiac camps conducted by Shahid Gangalal National Heart Center in September 2008 to July 2011. Methods and materials The reports of 19 cardiac camps were analyzed. Result The proportion of congenital heart disease in cardiac camps ranges from 0.35% (Dolakha) to 5.04% (Dhangadi). The proportion of RHD ranges from 3.25% (Bhaktapur) to 30.67% (Dhangadi). The proportion of hypertension ranges from 5.11% (Dolakha) to 39.41% (Baglung). The proportion of CAD ranges from 0.56% (Tikapur) to 15.12% (Birgunj). Conclusion The proportion of CHD and RHD were found the highest in Dhangadi. The lowest proportion of hypertension was found in Dolakha, the study was conducted in Singati, which is the most remote area among the areas included in this study. The highest proportion of hypertension was found in Baglung. The highest proportion of Coronary artery disease was found in Birgunj. In every camp, the hypertension claims the major proportion of cardiovascular problem. It reflects, Nepal is in a rising epidemic of coronary artery disease. Preventive programs should be emphasized sooner as possible to prevent catastrophic effect of Cardiovascular Disease in Nepal. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njh.v8i1.8333 Nepalese Heart Journal Vol.8(1) 2011 pp.23-26

Stentul JJ ureteral - care este optiunea mai buna? New Considerations Regarding Chronic Kidney Disease, Cardiovascular Disease and Dyslipidemia in Diabetic Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2064-2066
Author(s):  
Mircea Munteanu ◽  
Adrian Apostol ◽  
Viviana Ivan
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Artery Disease

The aim of the present study is to investigate the prevalance of chronic kidney disease (CKD), of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and dyslipidemia in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). We conducted a prospective, controlled study involving 420 diabetic patients (120 T1DM, 300 T2DM) and investigate the following aspects: the presence of vascular complications (stroke, coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease), lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides), kidney function (glomerular filtration rate, albuminuria), blood pressure, HbA1C. The results that in diabetic patients with CKD there is an increased prevalence of CVD and of dislipidemia. Also we noticed a negative correlation between total cholesterol level and decease in eGFR in all patients, with or without CKD.

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