scholarly journals Dramatopisarki w natarciu — feministyczny charakter najnowszej dramaturgii rosyjskojęzycznej

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 128-147
Author(s):  
Paulina Charko-Klekot
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Feminist Perspective ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Salient Features ◽  
Definition Of

This article enumerates the most salient features of works by the youngest contemporary Russian-speaking playwrights of Eastern Europe, including Irina Vaskovska, Asya Voloshyna, Natalya Blok, Olga Shilyayeva and Darya Slyusarenko. Conducted from a feminist perspective, the study discusses various ways in which the plays contradict a male-centric vision of the world. Their authors undertake the (re-)definition of the concept of femininity by proposing new perspectives on seemingly well-known topics such as motherhood, family relationships, sexuality, and corporeality. The protagonists of the plays presented in the text oppose the social and moral norms that limit them, make attempts to go beyond those cliches, and fight for the opportunity to be themselves.

SOCIOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF RITUAL: SOME REFLECTIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
Zh.K. Madalieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Action ◽  
Real World ◽  
Symbolic Meaning ◽  
Traditional Society ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Individual Life ◽  
Human Community ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of

The article discusses in detail the essence and meaning of ritual as a social action. The study of the nature of this phenomenon involves, first of all, the study of various approaches to the definition of the concept of "ritual" and related phenomena. Analyzing the existing definitions, the author comes to the conclusion that "ritual" is a certain set of actions that have symbolic meaning. The symbolism of the ritual is manifested in its connecting role with the world of the sacred, sacred. The article emphasizes that in the consciousness of a person in a traditional society, the sacred world is present in the real world through ritual. As an archaic form of culture, ritual was also a way of regulating and maintaining collective life. The ritual served as a means of integrating and maintaining the integrity of the human community, giving it stability. Therefore, the article focuses on the social functions of the ritual in both public and individual life.

scholarly journals A Taxonomy for the Social Agents of Scientific Change

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Nicholas Overgaard
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Epistemic Community ◽  
Epistemic Communities ◽  
Scientific Change ◽  
Collective Intentionality ◽  
Social Agents ◽  
Social Agent ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of

Although we accept that a scientific mosaic is a set of theories and methods accepted and employed by a scientific community, scientific community currently lacks a proper definition in scientonomy. In this paper, I will outline a basic taxonomy for the bearers of a mosaic, i.e. the social agents of scientific change. I begin by differentiating between accidental group and community through the respective absence and presence of a collective intentionality. I then identify two subtypes of community: the epistemic community that has a collective intentionality to know the world, and the non-epistemic community that does not have such a collective intentionality. I note that both epistemic and non-epistemic communities might bear mosaics, but that epistemic communities are the intended social agents of scientific change because their main collective intentionality is to know the world and, in effect, to change their mosaics. I conclude my paper by arguing we are not currently in a position to properly define scientific community per se because of the risk of confusing pseudoscientific communities with scientific communities. However, I propose that we can for now rely on the definition of epistemic community as the proper social agent of scientific change.Suggested Modifications[Sciento-2017-0012]: Accept the following taxonomy of group, accidental group, and community:Group ≡ two or more people who share any characteristic.Accidental group ≡ a group that does not have a collective intentionality.Community ≡ a group that has a collective intentionality. [Sciento-2017-0013]: Provided that the preceding modification [Sciento-2017-0012] is accepted, accept that communities can consist of other communities.[Sciento-2017-0014]: Provided that modification [Sciento-2017-0012] is accepted, accept the following definitions of epistemic community and non-epistemic community as subtypes of community:Epistemic community ≡ a community that has a collective intentionality to know the world.Non-epistemic community ≡ a community that does not have a collective intentionality to know the world.[Sciento-2017-0015]: Provideed that modification [Sciento-2017-0013] and [Sciento-2017-0014] are accepted, accept that a non-epistemic community can consist of epistemic communities.

scholarly journals The ethics of absolute relativity: An eschatological ontological model for interpreting the Sermon on the Mount

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Van Oudtshoorn
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction Of Reality ◽  
Sermon On The Mount ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The World ◽  
Everyday World ◽  
Ontological Model ◽  
In Christ ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Church

Jesus� imperatives in the Sermon on the Mount continue to play a significant role in Christian ethical discussions. The tension between the radical demands of Jesus and the impossibility of living this out within the everyday world has been noted by many scholars. In this article, an eschatological-ontological model, based on the social construction of reality, is developed to show that this dialectic is not necessarily an embarrassment to the church but, instead, belongs to the essence of the church as the recipient of the Spirit of Christ and as called by him to exist now in terms of the coming new age that has already been realised in Christ. The absolute demands of Jesus� imperatives, it is argued, must relativise all other interpretations of reality whilst the world, in turn, relativises Jesus� own definition of what �is� and therefore also the injunctions to his disciples on how to live within this world. This process of radical relativisation provides a critical framework for Christian living. The church must expect, and do, the impossible within this world through her faith in Christ who recreates and redefines reality. The church�s ethical task, it is further argued, is to participate with the Spirit in the construction of signs of this new reality in Christ in this world through her actions marked by faith, hope and love.

If...Then

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taina Bucher
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social World ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Ranking Data ◽  
Relational Agency ◽  
Multiple Realities ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Definition Of

IF … THEN provides an account of power and politics in the algorithmic media landscape that pays attention to the multiple realities of algorithms, and how these relate and coexist. The argument is made that algorithms do not merely have power and politics; they help to produce certain forms of acting and knowing in the world. In processing, classifying, sorting, and ranking data, algorithms are political in that they help to make the world appear in certain ways rather than others. Analyzing Facebook’s news feed, social media user’s everyday encounters with algorithmic systems, and the discourses and work practices of news professionals, the book makes a case for going beyond the narrow, technical definition of algorithms as step-by-step procedures for solving a problem in a finite number of steps. Drawing on a process-relational theoretical framework and empirical data from field observations and fifty-five interviews, the author demonstrates how algorithms exist in multiple ways beyond code. The analysis is concerned with the world-making capacities of algorithms, questioning how algorithmic systems shape encounters and orientations of different kinds, and how these systems are endowed with diffused personhood and relational agency. IF … THEN argues that algorithmic power and politics is neither about algorithms determining how the social world is fabricated nor about what algorithms do per se. Rather it is about how and when different aspects of algorithms and the algorithmic become available to specific actors, under what circumstance, and who or what gets to be part of how algorithms are defined.

scholarly journals Should Corporate Social Responsibility Around The World be Mandatory or Voluntary?

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 169-193
Author(s):  
Mohammad Alwasmi ◽  
Ahmad Alderbas
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Voluntary Activity ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Corporate Social

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is an idea that has grown during the last three decades from the voluntary activity of business firms into a debate about whether CSR should be mandated by law because of the increased demand from society. Further, it has been argued that business corporations are owned by their shareholders, and the managers must concentrate on maximizing the wealth of their shareholders and not of the community. To determine how better to apply CSR, this paper begins with looking at the evolution of CSR as a system around the world and then discusses the definition of CSR. In addition, this paper explores the advantages and disadvantages of implementing voluntary CSR and then explores mandatory CSR. Moreover, in this paper, it is found that determining the proper CSR system depends on many factors in each country, such as the social, economic and legal factors that should be examined before applying mandatory or voluntary CSR.

scholarly journals CONCEPTS OF "LOVE" AND "MARRIAGE" IN THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE PICTURE OF THE WORLD

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Svitlana FORMANOVA
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Conceptual Information ◽  
Verbal Expression ◽  
Semantic Group ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Love Marriage ◽  
Linguistic Units

The article is devoted to the analysis of the concepts of "love" and "marriage" originally as manifestations of the social organization of a society that connects individuals with one another, and its implementation in the Ukrainian language picture of the world. The author analyzes these concepts on the material of the works of Lina Kostenko. It is proved that the verbalized concepts of "love" and "marriage" produce the conceptual information contained in the verbal means of expression. It is stated that the means of expression of the above concepts are multilevel linguistic units, such as: separate tokens, terminological conjunctions, conventional metaphors, established linguistic expressions, paremia, linguistic cliches, etc. It has been determined that the culture of love and family relations in the Ukrainian language picture of the world is closely linked to verbal (literary and everyday) expressions. In the speech of love, the law of speech amplification of emotion works: the statement of emotion enhances the emotion itself, and sometimes even creates it. The linguistic representation of love is embodied in the culturally deterministic means of their verbal expression and is the main explicators of the ideas that have formed in Ukrainian culture regarding this feeling. It has been traced that one of the spheres of human activity that is clearly reflected in phraseology is love, marriage, family, family relations. This is why universal concepts include concepts such as love, betrothal, marriage, marriage, family, family relationships, which form a broad semantic field, or a semantic group consisting of smaller phrase-groups according to the name of the concepts.

scholarly journals Making the Countryside Global: The Bucharest School of Sociology and International Networks of Knowledge

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-219
Author(s):  
Raluca Muşat
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
International Networks ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Rural World ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Post War

The interwar period was a time when the rural world gained new prominence in visions of modernity and modernisation across the world. The newly reconfigured countries of Eastern Europe played a key role in focusing attention on the countryside as an important area of state intervention. This coincided with a greater involvement of the social sciences in debates and in projects of development and modernisation, both nationally and internationally. This article examines the contribution of the Bucharest School of Sociology to the creation of an idea of ‘the global countryside’ that emerged in the interwar years and only matured in the post-war period.

The Concept “Family” in the Oral Autobiographical Stories of Siberians

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-68
Author(s):  
Svetlana V. Voloshina ◽  
◽  
Tatiana A. Demeshkina ◽  
Maria A. Tolstova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Tomsk Oblast ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Speech Genre ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Ordinary Consciousness

The aim of the article is to analyze the implementation of the concept “family” in the speech genre of an autobiographical story. The research material is 200 oral autobiographical stories, which were recorded in the villages of Tomsk Oblast during dialectological expeditions from 1946 till 2021. The informants are residents of villages of Tomsk Oblast; they are representatives of different types of speech culture (native speakers of dialect and literary language). All stories are characterized by a relatively stable theme, means of language implementation, and structure, which allows qualifying them as a speech genre whose communicative purpose is to tell about life from the moment of birth to the moment of communication. The novelty of the article is connected with: (1) its appeal to the problem of interaction and mutual influence of the concept and the speech genre in oral everyday discourse, (2) the identification of cognitive features of the concept, (3) the definition of factors of transformation of ideas about the family in ordinary consciousness. The analysis of the concept makes it possible to obtain new data about the speech genre of the autobiographical story and its construction. The speech genre shows the dependence of the features of the content and implementation of the concept “family” on the sphere of functioning. This factor determines the theoretical significance of the results obtained. The analysis of the concept in the speech genre is carried out using the method of modeling and description of the conceptual, figurative, and value layers in the structure of the concept. As a result of contextual analysis, 16 cognitive features were identified; they are represented in the conceptual layer of the concept “family” and actualized in the speech of informants (family size, social status, compliance with moral norms, relations between family members, attitude to work, etc.). The conceptual layer is developed in detail in the oral everyday communication of Siberians. It is represented by a large number of lexical units. The figurative layer of the concept is characterized by single actualizations. At the same time, the variety of their expression is noted: metaphor, metonymy, comparisons are used. The world of the family can form the initial and resulting spheres of metaphorical models. In the initial sphere, the world of plants (roots, mushrooms), products (noodles) is mainly reflected; the semantics of unity and kinship is actualized in the initial sphere. The value layer of the concept “family” is well represented in the oral autobiographical discourse. It indicates that the family occupies one of the main places in the system of life values of peasants. The specifics of structuring this concept in the oral everyday discourse are determined mainly by the attitudes, norms of traditional culture (the family should be large, friendly, hardworking, young members of family honor the older ones, etc.). At the same time, changes in the system of family values determined by sociohistorical processes are noted. These changes are evaluated ambiguously by informants, and the family is still one of the main values of life for them. Regional (natural, social, historical, geographic) specificity is reflected in the actualization of the concept.

Digital and Inter-Generational Divide

2012 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Paolo Ferri
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Digital Natives ◽  
Digital Immigrants ◽  
Social Differences ◽  
The North ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Definition Of

Digital divide can be considered a macro economical index representing the social differences and the separation between the North and the South of the world. Since the first definition of digital divide, it has been shown that it is also a great and unrecognized problem in the developed countries, especially in the field of education. “Digital disconnection” is a key problem for School and University as institutions. In this paper, the above questions are widely analyzed with a special attention on the spreading gap between digital natives (i.e., young students), and digital immigrants (i.e., parents, teachers and policymakers in the school).

Secularism as a Double-Edged Sword? State Regulation of Religion in Turkey

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haldun Gülalp
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
European Convention ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Diverse Society ◽  
Political Principle ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

Briefly defined, secularism is a political principle that aims to guarantee citizens the right to freedom of ‘conscience and religion’, as spelled out in international human rights documents (Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 18; European Convention on Human Rights, Article 9). Although only implicit in these documents, this right also includes freedom from religion. Secularism, then, entails the existence of a political space separate from and independent of religions for the purpose of negotiating common issues and areas of concern, so that the social and political needs of all religious and irreligious members of society may be met. This is a normative definition of a principle designed to maintain and promote peace in a diverse society. A variety of institutional arrangements may protect this principle. Within Europe alone we see several different models, as we do in other parts of the world (Madeley and Enyedi 2003; Bhargava 2005). Alongside this definition there is also another one, in which secularism indicates religion’s subordination to the temporal power of the state.

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