scholarly journals UTILIZATION OF PAPAYA LEAVES (Carica papaya L.) TO CONTROL ONION PEST SPODOPTERA EXIGUA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)LEPIDOPTERA (NOCTUIDAE)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Muhammad Agung Permadi ◽  
Rafiqah Amanda Lubis ◽  
Syawaludin Syawaludin ◽  
Nova Suryani Pasaribu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Method ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Spodoptera Exigua ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Spodoptera exigua is a migrant pest that attacks onions simultaneously in groups. The utilization of papaya leaves to control pests due to papaya leaves have toxic compounds that can kill pests. This study aims to measure the ability of papaya leaves to control S. exigua larvae. This research was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) experimental method with two treatment factors. The first factor was papaya leaf concentration (0 g / l, 30 g / l, 70 g / l, 100 g / l, 120 g / l), and the second factor is a mixture of kerosene. The treatment was repeated three times. The study was conducted at the Agrotechnology Laboratory, Agriculture Faculty Muhammadiyah University, South Tapanuli. The results showed that papaya leaves could kill S. exigua larvae. The highest mortality of S. exigua worms There were statistically significant non-treatments among treatments.

scholarly journals Efektifitas Pestisida Biologis Bacillus Cereus dan Bacillus Megaterium. sebagai Pengendali Spodoptera litura Fabr (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Made Indra Agastya ◽  
Aminudin Afandhi ◽  
Luqman Qurata Aini
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Bacillus Megaterium ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Control Effectiveness ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

This research was conducted in vitro in the laboratory. Studies conducted in the Laboratory of Bacteriology Department of Plant Pests and Diseases of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya, on the effectiveness of the bacteria Bacillus cereus and Bacillus megaterium as biological pesticides controlling Spodoptera litura. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the bacteria Bacillus sp as biological control. Effectiveness pesticide was measured by testing the incubation period and mortality in larvae of S. litura instar 3. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD), conducted observations every 6 hours until the larvae dead. The results showed that the percentage of mortality of S. litura reached 94.66% compared to the control, while the incubation time of the bacteria B. cereus cause disease until 29.84 hours. B. cereus and B. megaterium have the ability to incubate third instar larvae of S. litura up to 29.84 hours and caused the death of larvae up to 94.66%. Keywords: Biological pesticides, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, entomopatogen, Spodoptera litura

scholarly journals Sensitivity Testing of Ciplukan (Physalis angulata) Rod Crude Extract on The Bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens In Vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Ion Tarsardo Sianturi ◽  
Arief Prajitno ◽  
Ellana Sanoesi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Method ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Physalis Angulata ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Diseases is a problem in aquaculture, one of which is the diseases caused by the bacteriumP.fluorescens. Antibiotics and chemicals materials themselves can give the bacterium resistance and cause harm for the environment. One alternative that can be done is using a natural material, namely the rod of ciplukan (p. angulata). The purpose of this research was to explain the effect of P. angulata on the growth of p. fluorescens. The method which can be use is experimental method by using the research design of completely randomized design (ral) with 5 treatment and 2 control with 3 repetitions. The results showed that extract of P. angulata at various dose (6,67 ppt, 13,33 ppt, 19,99 ppt, 26,66 ppt and 33,33 ppt) exhibited anti-P. fluorescens activity with inhibition zone diameters in the range of (4,06±0,07 mm - 9,63±1,61 mm). Increashing extract dose lead to increased the inhibition zone. The extract dose of 33,33 ppt exhibited best anti-P. fluorescens activity in this research. The research results show that P. angulata is proven to be able to inhibit the P. fluorescens, but to prove the effectiveness of this material, an in vivo is required.

scholarly journals Effect of Gadung Tuber Extract (Dioscorea hispida) on Mortality of Caterpillars (Spodoptera exigua) in Shallots (Allium cepa) in East Lombok

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 556
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mustarsidin ◽  
Syachruddin AR ◽  
Ahmad Raksun
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Spodoptera Exigua ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Tuber Extract ◽  
Range Test

Plants that can be used as pesticides are Gadung tubers. Gadung tubers contain cyanide acid to kill armyworm pests because they contain dioscorin toxins which can cause nervous disorders. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Gadung tuber extract (Dioscorea hispida) on Caterpillar mortality (Spodoptera exigua) in Shallot plants. This type of research is experimental research. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD). The sample used was 5 caterpillars (Spodoptera exigua) in each polybag with 5 repetitions for each concentration of Gadung tuber extract, namely 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5%, so the total Caterpillar used was 150 Caterpillars. Gadung tuber extraction was carried out by maceration method with methanol solvent. Data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance at the 95% significance level, followed by DMRT (Duncans Multiple Range Test). The results showed that the Gadung tuber extract had a significant effect on the mortality of caterpillars (Spodoptera exigua) because the F count was greater than the F table (45.40>2.62), and the DMRT test results showed that the optimal concentration of Gadung tuber extract was 2.5%. Therefore, it can be concluded that the extract of Gadung tuber (Dioscorea hispida) affects the mortality of Caterpillars (Spodoptera exigua) in Shallots (Allium cepa).

scholarly journals PENGARUH JENIS BAHAN PENGEMAS TERHADAP DAYA TAHAN CABAI MERAH (Capsicum annum L.) SELAMA PENYIMPANAN DINGIN

SIMBIOSA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenny Agustina ◽  
Agam Akhmad Syaukani ◽  
Fatimah Sahara
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Method ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Capsicum Annum ◽  
Control Film ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Texture Attributes

The study was conducted over two months, from March to April 2012. This study aims to analyze the influence of type of packaging materials for durability of chilli (Capsicum annum L.) during cold storage. The method used in this study is an experimental method using a completely randomized design (CRD), which consists of four types of packaging materials, namely of chilli are packed in plastic PE, PP, PS, PS + control film with a red pepper that is stored without packaging. The parameters analyzed are severe shrinkage and the organoleptic (texture, color, aroma and overall). From the test results obtained ANAVA Fhitung value of 203,869 is greater than the value Ftabel, both at the level of 5% for 3,480 and 5,990 at 1% level. For the organoleptic value of PS + plastic film gives the highest yield in each test the texture attributes of 6,678. 6,500 color, aroma and overall 6,122 and 6,722. PP plastic gives the lowest result in each test the texture attributes of 3,156, 3,556 color, aroma and overall 3,333 and 3,300, this indicates that there is a very significant effect between the type of packaging materials for durability chili during cold storage.

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS INFUSA DAUN JAMBU BIJI (Psidium guajava) SEBAGAI PRESERVATIF ALAMI PADA KARKAS PUYUH

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Eulis Tanti Marlina ◽  
Ellin Harlia ◽  
Yuli Astuti Hidayati ◽  
Deden Zamzam Badruzzaman ◽  
Wowon Juanda
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Natural Preservative ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Guava Leaves ◽  
Total Bacteria

Guava leaves can be used as a natural preservative in quail carcass because they contain antimicrobial compounds such as flavonoid and tannin. This study studied the effect of using guava leaves infusion on quail carcass on the total bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, and early spoilage.  The research used an experimental method with a completely randomized design, 3 treatments of guava leaves infusion concentration, namely P1 = 25%, P2 = 50%. And P3 = 75%, each treatment was repeated 6 times.  The application of infusion to quail carcass was carried out by immersion for 15 minutes.  Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Turkey’s test.  The results showed that the total bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae before immersion were 3.80 x 107 cfu/g and 1.90 x 104 cfu/g, respectively.  Soaking quail carcass in guava leaves infusion was able to reduce the total bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae to 72.15% and 78.50%, respectively.  The early spoilage was inversely proportional to the total bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae resulted in longer shelf life.

Influence of various feeding regimes on the performance of Archachatina marginata snail

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-214
Author(s):  
C. N. Okocha ◽  
D. N. Onunkwo
Keyword(s):  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Colocasia Esculenta ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Xanthosoma Sagittifolium ◽  
Feeding Regimes ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

This study was to evaluate the growth response of Archachatina marginata as influenced by four natural diets: Pawpaw (Carica papaya) cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta), cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium), and cassava (Manihot esculenta) leaves and growers mash (a compounded ration). One hundred and twenty (120) grower snails (Archachatina marginata) were purchased from a farm in Ibadan, Oyo State. Data were collected on the growth parameters (weight, length and circumference of shell of the snails arranged in a Completely Randomized Design and replicated three (3) times. The results showed that pawpaw (Carica papaya) recorded the highest mean in all the parameters measured and throughout the duration of the experiment. Cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta) leaf had a better mean than the Cassava (Manihot esculenta) leaves in terms of weight gained whereas the reverse is the case in terms of length and circumference of shell. Pawpaw (Carica papaya) is therefore, recommended to both local and small scale farmers in Abia State and in Nigeria for feeding their snails and cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta) leaves and growers mash as an alternate feed.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penambahan Probiotik EM-4 (Evective Mikroorganism-4) Dalam Pakan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Kelangsungan Hidup Ikan Gurame (Osprhronemus gouramy)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Sri Yuningsih Noor ◽  
Rano Pakaya
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Absolute Length ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Development Center ◽  
Different Doses

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of probiotic EM4 (Evective Microorganism-4) in feed to growth and gouramy ointment (Osprhronemus gouramy) at the Freshwater Fish Seed Development Center in Gorontalo Province. The method of this research is experimental method and data processing using completely Randomized Design with 4 treatments 3 replicates. The treatment is done with different doses which in treatment A (Without Probiotic), B ( probiotic 1 cc), C (probiotic 2 cc), D (probiotic 3 cc). The parameters observed were growth rate, Feed Conversion (KP). Feed Efficiency (EP), and Absolute Length (PM). The data were tested continued using the LSD test (Least Significance Different). The results showed that the effect of giving EM4 probiotic with different dose to the growth rate of gouramy fish (Osprhronemus gouramy) gave a very real effect, and from the four research results it was found that treatment D with 3 cc dose was the highest value, followed by C 2 treatment cc, treatment B with a dose of 1 cc and the lowest is in treatment A (Control). Keywords : Probiotic EM-4, gouramy (Osprhronemus gouramy), Growth.    

scholarly journals Histopatologi Ginjal Ikan Jambal Siam (Pangasiodon hypophthalmus) yang Diberi Pakan Mengandung Tepung Kunyit

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Morina Riauwaty ◽  
Windarti Windarti
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Kidney Cell ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Herbal Plant

Turmeric is an herbal plant that has antibacterial and antioxidant abilities, and also to improve the fish's immune system. The aim of this research was to look at the histological structure of kidney and survival rate fish which was given feed with turmeric flour before and after infected with A. hydrophila. This research was conducted from February to May 2019 in the Laboratory of Parasites and Fish Diseases of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Riau. The method in this research was the experimental method by one-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five levels. Kn (feeding without given turmeric flour and without infection with A. hydrophila), Kp (Feeding without given turmeric flour and infected with A. hydrophila), P1 (turmeric flour at a dose of 0.5 g / kg of feed), P2 (dose of 0.7 g / kg), P3 (dose of 0.9 g / kg). The results showed that the histological structure of catfish which was given the addition of turmeric flour in feed by normal conditions and after being challenged with A. hydrophila showed some damage to the gill and kidney structure. The best dose of adding turmeric flour to feed is 0.7 g / kg of feed (P2), seen from the structure of the kidney cell, and the best survival. Histological structure of kidney cell structure in P2 treatment has abnormality such as hemorrhage and survival rate 100%.

scholarly journals The Addition of Honey Bee to The Feed for Increase The Growth of White Snapper Seeds (Lates calcarifer)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Linayati Linayati ◽  
Bramantiar Rizkyansyah ◽  
Tri Yusufi Mardiana ◽  
Muhammad Zulkham Yahya
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Lates Calcarifer ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Treatment Dose ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding honey to the feed for growth and the best dosage for the growth of white snapper seeds.The white snapper seeds used have an average weight of ± 2.5 g / fish.This study used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD).The experiment was carried out in 5 (five) treatments and each treatment had 3 (three) repetitions.The treatment consisted of adding honey to the feed with a treatment dose of (A) 0 ml / kg of feed, (B) 50 ml / kg of feed, (C) 100 ml / kg of feed, (D) 150 ml / kg of feed and (E) 200 ml / kg of feed.The results indicated that the addition of honey to the feed had a significant effect on the growth of white snapper seeds.The best dose of honey is at a dose of 200 ml / kg which has the best effect on fish growth.The condition of water quality during the study was in a suitable range for the life of white snapper seeds.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN TEPUNG KULIT PEPAYA (Carica papaya L) DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP KUALITAS INTERNAL TELUR

ZOOTEC ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 418
Author(s):  
Armando Paat ◽  
C.L. Sarajar ◽  
J. R. Leke ◽  
F. N. Sompie
Keyword(s):  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Chicken Eggs

UTILIZATION AND INTERNAL QUALITY OF EGG ON PAPAYA PEEL MEAL DIET (CARICA PAPAYA L). The aim of research was to utilization and internal quality of eggs on papaya (carica papaya L) peel meal diet. The material used in this study were one hundred laying hens (MB 402). The completely randomized design (CRD) was done in this research for analysing of statistics to five treatments and four replications, each replications was occupied by five laying hens (MB 402). The variable measured were egg weight, egg yolk, colour of egg yolk.  The result of this research showed that egg weight, egg yolk, the colour egg yolk was not significantly different (P>0.05). Conclusion, the utilization of flour skin papaya until 16% in feed will increase the quality of chicken eggs. Kata Kunci: Papaya peel meal, laying feed, the quality internal egg.

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