Paradygmat konstrukcjonizmu społecznego w badaniach nad starością i starzeniem się

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-65
Author(s):  
Marcin Muszyński
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Social Constructionism ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Aging Research ◽  
Secondary Importance ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Methods And Techniques

Research methodology has recently been reduced to using research methods and techniques that are perceived only as ready-to-use tools. Paradigmatic issues become of secondary importance and left unsaid in research work or replaced by a multi-paradigm approach characterised by pluralist ontology and epistemology. The paradigm consists of assumptions and fundamental beliefs and represents a worldview that defines the nature of the world. It helps to justify the use of selected methods and techniques. The article aims to present the social constructionism paradigm and its application in old age and aging research.

Le condizioni contrattuali e previdenziali del lavoro degli anziani: politiche e interventi di attivazione

ARGOMENTI ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 31-58
Author(s):  
Marco Accorinti ◽  
Paolo Calza Bini
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Senior Citizen ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Active Ageing ◽  
European Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Depth Study

- Within the research project Overcoming the barriers and seizing the opportunities for Active Ageing Policies in Europe, the Italian part being carried out by the IRPPS-CNR, there has been an in-depth study of the dynamics regarding population ageing and the social security system in Italy, in the light of the notion of activation - one of the main inspiring criteria of the European Employment Strategy. The paper presents comparative European research work that has highlighted the need to deal with the old age - social security link through an integrated group of diversified policies that consider above all employment policies, life schedules and social protection. The text furthermore presents nine European experiments of gradual retirement.Keywords: Senior citizen workers, Social security, Welfare, Leave. Parole Chiave: Lavoratori Anziani, Previdenza, Welfare, Aspettative.

scholarly journals Hermeneutics and Phenomenology in Human and Social Sciences Research

Civilizar ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (38) ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
John Jairo Pérez-Vargas ◽  
Johan Andrés Nieto-Bravo ◽  
Juan Esteban Santamaría-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Spanish Version ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Individual Approach ◽  
Human And Social Sciences ◽  
Two Phases

This article of reflection problematizes the relationships between phenomenology and hermeneutics as epistemic places of research work through a documentary approach built in two phases. First, the text reflects on the terminological use present in the paradigms, approaches, epistemological perspectives, and research methods, thereby identifying that there is no criteria univocity in its references and approaches about research methodology treaties. Likewise, it is evident that there are methodological proposals that include phenomenology and hermeneutics in a complementary, articulated, or isolated way without allowing precise places of understanding that allow to locate their application in research. Based on the aforementioned, the second phase proposes an individual approach to the background and comprehensions of phenomenology and hermeneutics, identifying particularities that characterize them, possible theoretical-practical differences and approaches that can be established in view of their relevance from the epistemic and methodological framework of research in human and social sciences. This article is a translation from the Spanish version “La hermenéutica y la fenomenología en la investigación en ciencias humanas y sociales”, published in Civilizar, 19(37), 2019. doi: 10.22518/usergioa/jour/ccsh/2019.2/a09. The translation has been authorized and approved by the authors and the Editor.

METHODOLOGY FOR RESEARCHING THE FISCAL MECHANISM FOR REGULATING INVESTMENT PROCESSES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Rudenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Theoretical Justification ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Scientific Facts ◽  
Financial Research

The necessity and advantages of using the methodology in conducting financial research in modern conditions, in particular regarding the functioning of the fiscal mechanism for regulating investment processes, are determined. It is established that the methodology is considered by scientists in two approaches: 1) as a doctrine of research methods, which is inextricably linked with philosophical science; 2) as a set of research methods used in any science. The etymology of the concept of “methodology” is considered and approaches to the interpretation of its content are critically comprehended. It is substantiated that the structure of the research methodology, in particular the fiscal mechanism of regulation of investment processes, covers three aspects: functional, logical and process. The functional aspect of the research methodology is determined, which covers its consideration as a set of principles and methods aimed at achieving a specific practical or theoretical goal of research work. The logical aspect of research methodology is highlighted, which contains its understanding as a set of forms of organization of research work. The process aspect of research methodology is determined, which implies its interpretation as a series of successive stages aimed at achieving a certain practical or theoretical result of research work. Based on the study of reference and scientific literature, the author's definition of research methodology of the fiscal mechanism for regulating investment processes is proposed as a specific doctrine, which covers a set of principles, methods, forms and sequential stages of research (cognitive) activity, used to identify scientific facts, their theoretical justification and practical implementation. The functions of research methodology of the fiscal mechanism for regulating investment processes is established. The functions of research methodology of the fiscal mechanism for regulating investment processes are established. The factors of successful application of the methodology as “art” in the study of the fiscal mechanism for regulating investment processes are considered.

Population ageing in South and Central America

2017 ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Carlos M. Paixao Junior ◽  
Roberto A. Lourenço ◽  
Fernando Morales-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Age Dependency ◽  
Persistent Problem ◽  
Dependency Ratios ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

Considering questions related to South and Central America probably is best done by using the better-known term of Latin America. Although much of the history of the region has common roots, many specificities make these countries somewhat heterogeneous. However, one can say that ageing in the region has been accelerated and diverse from what was witnessed in more affluent countries elsewhere in the world, because of the persistent problem of poverty still unresolved in Latin America. The over-60 population has been growing in the region for the past 30 years, producing an increase in old-age indices and old-age dependency ratios. This raises important issues about the social protection models that should be adopted to cope with these demographic trends.

scholarly journals A SEGMENTATION OF LIFESTYLE OF S1 STUDENTS FACULTY OF ISLAMIC ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS UNIVERSITY OF ISLAM KIAI HAJI ACHMAD SIDDIQ JEMBER

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mirza
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
The State ◽  
Academic Programs ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
The World

ABSTRACT             Segmentation is not only used by companies in determining policies to dominate the market, but segmentation is able to provide an overview or information on human lifestyles, especially students of the Faculty of Economics and Islamic Business at Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq State Islamic University Jember. In the world of education, segmentation is able to provide information about students, then the information will be used to compile academic programs that have the essence of the character of students.             This research uses action research methods or action testing without research, that is, researchers do not carry out systematic research according to the rules of research methodology. This is because the researcher is a lecturer at the Faculty of Economics and Islamic Business at the State Islamic University of Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember. In this study, students of the Faculty of Economics and Islamic Business have three criteria or segments, namely dynamic students, identity seeking students and conservative students.  

From Fire Escapes to Qualitative Data: Pedagogical Urging, Embodied Research, and Narrative Medicine’s Ear of the Heart

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Rivera Colón
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Narrative Medicine ◽  
Qualitative Research Methods ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Observation ◽  
Embodied Research

The author begins with a lyrical and evocative description of a cilantro-green fire escape from which he observed the neighborhood of his childhood, explaining that the work of the ethnographer is rooted in experiences of observation and experience. Drawing upon these tools of social interaction, training in qualitative research methods can help students to discover and reframe their already practiced skills in the social observation and interpretation with which they, and all of us, traverse the world. The embodied and reflexive nature of this practice is emphasized, with attention to the observer’s own social positionality and identity. Citing William Stringfellow’s proposal that “listening…is a primitive act of love,” the author proposes that qualitative research and narrative medicine both offer frameworks for such listening, with implications of political and social liberation.

The Reality and Myth of Weapons and Violence in Gang Life

2016 ◽  
pp. 847-867
Author(s):  
Timothy R. Lauger
Keyword(s):  
Social Constructionism ◽  
Social World ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Gang Members ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Real Element ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Gang Life

Weapons and violence are both real and mythic elements of gang life. Though violence is a real element of gang life, public perceptions about gangs may be exaggerated, invoking the idea of dangerous youth roaming the streets. The image of violent gang members is also embraced and used by youth on the streets to navigate their social world. Gang members often create personal and group-based myths by exaggerating their use of weapons and violence. This chapter examines the division between myth and reality in gang life. It reviews research to establish that weapons and violence are real elements of gang members' lives throughout the world. It further explores how myths emerge among gang members who have ample motivation for fictionalizing violence and weapons use. This chapter relies on the social psychological ideas of social constructionism, interpretive socialization, and identity to explain the existence of myths in gang life.

Research on Tourist Activity in Europe – Methodological Aspects and Results (Part I: the Period 1945-2000)

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 9-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiesław Alejziak
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Related Activity ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Tourism Activity ◽  
Research Studies

Purpose. Analysis of research studies on tourism related activity carried out in various European countries in the period from the end of WWII to the end of the 20th century. The study embraced both the research methods and techniques, as well as the ways of expressing tourism activity, making an attempt at comparing the findings of various studies in each case (both on the domestic and international scale). Method. The basic method used in the study was complex analysis of scientific literature pertaining to the research on tourism related activity (published in Polish, English, German and French), where focus was on research methodology. Also, the findings of the analysed studies were investigated to a certain degree, which – despite some limitations of research comparability – indicated serious disproportions in the level of tourism related activity among the inhabitants of particular countries. Findings. The study indicated that the great majority of research carried out within the entire analysed period of time embraced surveys with a great heterogeneity of research methods and techniques, non-uniform terminology, as well as various different criteria and typologies of tourism activity. The study also revealed a great variety of used indicators (measures), which made proper diagnosis of the phenomenon and interpretation of the results additionally difficult. Hence, it impeded the potential use of research results in practical activity. Research limitations and conclusions. The paper presents the analyses of research studies carried out until the year 2000. A similar study, based on the scientific literature published already in the 21st century, is in preparation. Practical implications. The current study shows that at the end of the analysed period, traditional research methods and indices determining the level of participation in tourism (e.g. tourism activity rate) often did not allow for proper market analyses and required serious improvement (particularly in relation to research comparability and results obtained by various institutions). Reliable research studies have always been largely expected by the widely understood tourism branch as such data constitute a crucial factor not only in their current activity but also in strategic planning. Originality. The paper presents one of the most comprehensive overviews of research studies on tourism activity, particularly in relation to the analyses of research methodology on this subject matter. New estimation methods and genuine indices of tourism-related activity were also proposed in the study, taking the hitherto mentioned conditions into consideration. Type of paper. The paper is an overview analysing the findings of numerous empirical studies.

Problems in the Diagnosis and Classification of Mental Disorder in Old Age; with a Study of Case Material

1952 ◽  
Vol 98 (410) ◽  
pp. 66-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Roth ◽  
J. D. Morrissey
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Case Material ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Complicated Problem ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification

Recent statistics of old age mental disorder have drawn an alarming picture of rising rates of admission to mental hospitals in many parts of the world. One of the predictions made on the basis of such statistics has been that old age psychoses might, in due course, relegate schizophrenia to second place in number of admissions. There are, however, dangers in drawing conclusions about a complicated problem, such as mental disorder in old age, on statistical grounds alone. Before the figures can be properly evaluated more detailed information about the social, economic and, above all, clinical aspects of the problem will be required than is available at present.

scholarly journals Re-Visitation of Family Concept with an Educative View in Shakespeare’s Titus Andronicus

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Casimir Comlan Soede
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Reader Response ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Social Differences ◽  
Titus Andronicus ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World

The family is the key component of any society whose prosperity and safety depends on the role it plays in children’s education. Mistrust is led to hiding of knowledge that can be useful and helpful for youth. Solitude takes place in our community and one must be self-developer of himself or herself. And that force people to fear their neighboring. Society is divided into little groups. It is in that vein that the current research work comes to pinpoint these misconducts that draw way to problems such as murders, terrorism, treachery, robbery, betrayal that the world currently faces. The reader-response and historicism approaches used along the current work, show that the family should change its ways of educating youngsters to enhance their sociopolitical and economic growth. The research argues that members of a family have to share their living experiences within their social groups. In this regards, the study has found that parents and relatives should accept one another by overcoming the social differences (rich and poor) instead of being handicaps for their youth who try to be a Man.

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