scholarly journals The study of chinese rice samples under the conditions of the Rostov region

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
P. I. Kostylev ◽  
E. V. Krasnova ◽  
A. V. Aksenov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
The South ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Breeding Work ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Rice Samples

Rice is the most important food crop on the Earth. The development of new productive rice varieties for the conditions of the south of Russia and specifcally the Rostov region is possible after careful study and use of collection material from other regions of the planet in the breeding work. Genetic varietal diversity of samples from various countries is the basis for breeding study aimed at improving rice productivity. The purpose of the study was to study 15 collection Chinese rice samples, analyze some quantitative traits, and select the best ones for further breeding. The samples were studied in the Proletarsky district of the Rostov region. The varieties “Yuzhanin” and “Boyarin” were taken as the standard varieties. In the study of Chinese rice samples according to their morphological and biological  traits  there has been  identifed a signifcant diversity. The vegetation period “sprouting-fowering” ranged from 85–130 days; the trait “plant height” varied from 63.3 cm to 101.7 cm; the trait “length of a panicle” ranged from 15.7 to 21.7 cm; the trait “1000-kernel weight” varied from 16.3 to 34.0 g; the trait “number of spikelets per panicle” ranged from 79 to 158 pieces; the trait “fertility” was from 86.8 to 98.3%. There has been identifed a positive correlation between “plant height” and length of a panicle, 1000-kernel weight, kernel number per panicle, and fertility. Kernel weight per panicle has also correlated with these traits. For future breeding work there have been selected 6 rice samples that could mature well in the south of the Rostov Region, namely “Lyaonin 1”, “Lyaonin 5”, “Lyaonin 8”, “Lyaonin 10”, “Lyaonin 12” and “Lyaonin 15”. There has been carried out a hybridization of samples with the early ripening variety “Kontakt”.

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of the hybrid rice population ‘Mavr × Kontakt’

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
P. I. Kostylev ◽  
E. V. Krasnova ◽  
G. A. Sirapionov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Spikelets Per Panicle ◽  
Rice Samples ◽  
Negative Dominance ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Black Color

Rice can form not only white-color kernels, but also of red, brown and black colors. In black-color rice kernels, the pericarp contains anthocyanin, which has antioxidant activity and therefore has a positive effect on human health. The purpose of the current study was to develop rice samples with black pericarp. The paper has presented the study results of the hybrid population ‘Mavr × Kontakt’ of the second generation. The variety ‘Mavr’ has a black pericarp, the variety ‘Kontakt’ has a white one. In the process of hybridological analysis there have been identified the patterns of inheritance of the main quantitative traits affecting productivity; there have been identified the best samples, in which formed compact erect panicles and black kernels; there has been selected the initial material for breeding work. The study was carried out in 2020 on the plots of the ES “Proletarskoye” in the Rostov region. There was established that the color of pericarp was inherited according to the type of complementary interaction of two genes. There was found an overdominance and interaction of two pairs of genes of different strengths according to ‘plant height’. There was also seen partial positive dominance, transgressions, and digenic differences of the initial varieties according to ‘panicle length’. According to the traits ‘number of spikelets per panicle’, there was identified overdominance of large values and positive transgression. There were found the forms with well-kerneled panicles. The trait ‘1000 kernel weight’ was characterized by negative dominance and dihybrid cleavage of 9:6:1. There have been selected the best morphotype F2 forms with black pericarp, which possessed optimal plant height, long panicles, larger kernel size, and an average 1000 kernel weight.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the Ugandan rice varieties grown in the Rostov region

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
P. I. Kostylev ◽  
E. V. Krasnova ◽  
A. V. Aksenov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Negative Dominance ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Rice is a valuable agricultural crop that is used as food for more than half of the world's population. The development of highly productive varieties and hybrids with high product quality assumes the utilization of new initial material from different countries in the breeding process. The purpose of the current research was to conduct an ecological testing of the rice varieties from Uganda in the Proletarsky district of the Rostov region in Russia and use them in the breeding process. There were studied the Ugandan rice samples ‘Nerica 1’, ‘Nerica 4’, ‘Komboka’, ‘Wita 9’, ‘Namche 1’, ‘Namche 2’, ‘Namche 3’, ‘Namche 4’, ‘Namche 5’, ‘Namche 6’ (NaCRRI) in comparison with the Russian variety ‘Komandor’ (FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy”). The study of the Ugandan rice varieties according to a number of economically valuable traits and biological properties showed that the vegetation period from soil flooding to rice maturing took 100–113 days, the standard variety ‘Komandor’ needed 83 days. The varieties ‘Komboka’ and ‘Wita 9’ did not bear blossom. All samples had a short habit, with 63-95 cm of plant height. The long drooping panicles of 18.5–22.3 cm carried from 122 to 213 seeds. The caryopses were elongated, the length of the caryopses varied from 9.0 to 9.5 mm, and the width ranged from 2.7 to 3.1 mm. 1000 seed weight varied from 26 to 34 g, number of seeds per panicle ranged from 122 to 213 pieces. Genetic analysis of the second generation hybrids ‘Kontakt × Nerica 1’ and ‘Boyarin × Nerica 4’ showed different types of traits’ inheritance, from negative dominance (vegetation period) through the absence of dominance (caryopses size) to overdominance (plant height, seed weight per panicle and number of seeds per panicle).

scholarly journals The mutual study of the Ugandan and Rostov rice varieties

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
P. I. Kostylev ◽  
E. V. Krasnova ◽  
A. V. Aksenov ◽  
J. Lamo
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Brown Leaf Spot ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Brown Leaf ◽  
Spikelets Per Panicle ◽  
Plant Habit ◽  
Preliminary Study

Rice is one of the most important food crops in the world. The development of new rice varieties requires a thorough study and involvement of gene pool from different countries in breeding work. The purpose of the current study was to conduct a mutual ecological testing of the rice varieties in the Rostov region of Russia (FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”) such as ‘Akustik’, ‘Aromatik 1’, ‘Aromatny’, ‘Kuboyar’, ‘Yuzhanin’ and the Ugandan (NaCRRI) ‘Nerica 1’, ‘Nerica 4’, ‘Komboka’, ‘Wita 9’. These samples have shown a wide range of resistance to blast and other diseases. The research was carried out in the Proletarsky district of the Rostov region. As a result, the rice varieties were studied for a number of important economic and biological traits. The growing season from sowing to ripening was 131–139 days for two varieties ‘Nerica 1’ and ‘Nerica 4’ under the conditions of the Rostov region, and 110 days for the standard variety ‘Komandor’. The other two varieties ‘Komboka’ and ‘Wita 9’ were very late maturing and did not bloom. All samples had a modern low-growing plant habit with upright rigid leaves and long drooping panicles (17–23 cm). Plant height of the Ugandan varieties ranged from 70 to 90 cm. The grains were elongated with 29–31 mg of weight. Number of spikelets per panicle was 85 and 200, respectively. The varieties ‘Nerica 1’ and ‘Nerica 4’ were used in hybridization with the Russian varieties ‘Kontakt’ and ‘Boyarin’. The preliminary study of Russian rice varieties in Uganda showed that RU 105 (‘Aromatny’) and RU 101 (‘Aromatik 1’) were resistant to rice yellow spot virus (‘RYMV’), blast and brown leaf spot. The varieties were selected for further study in the conditions of Uganda.

scholarly journals Identification of Saltol QTL in the breeding rice samples

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
О. S. Zhogaleva ◽  
N. N. Vozhzhova ◽  
А. Yu. Dubina ◽  
N. T. Kupreyshvili ◽  
P. I. Kostylev
Keyword(s):  
Dna Isolation ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Bromide Solution ◽  
Rice Samples ◽  
Alkali Complexes ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Soil Desalinization

One of the main problems in most of the world rice-growing regions is soil salinity. Rice is considered a saline sensitive crop, especially at the early stages of development and in the period of maturity. In the Rostov region, rice is grown in the south-eastern parts, where there are currently difficulties with the operation of the existing reclamation facilities. The problem of saline soils for this region is especially urgent, since a significant part of the arable lands has alkali complexes. In order to return the saline lands into exploitation, it is necessary to develop salt tolerant varieties, which, under crop rotation and maintenance, can contribute to soil desalinization. Due to the difficulty of determining salt tolerance only by estimating the phenotype, it is necessary to use molecular markers associated with this trait. Thus, the purpose of the current work was to identify one of the main Saltol QTL in breeding rice samples of the eighth generation (F8) obtained from hybridizing the donor variety NSYC Rc106 with Russian varieties. For that purpose, there have been used such marker-assisted selection methods as DNA isolation, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), electrophoresis on 2% agarose gels, gels’ coloring in ethidium bromide solution, photography in ultraviolet light and evaluation of the obtained electrophoregrams. As a result of the study of 398 breeding rice samples, there have been identified 67 samples with the functional allele of Saltol QTL (6865/3, 6874/2, Don 7343/4, Don 7343/5, Don 7343/6, Don 7343/7, Don 7343/8, Don 7343/9, Don 7343/10, Don 7337/1, Don 7337/3, Don 7337/4, Don 7337/5, Don 7337/6, Don 7337/7, Don 7337/8, etc.). There have been recommended to use these samples in the further breeding process in order to develop new salinity resistant rice varieties.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF SEED INOCULATION BY RHIZOTORFIN STRAINS ON CHICKPEA PRODUCTIVITY IN THE SOUTHERN PART OF THE ROSTOV REGION

2018 ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
S. A. Vasilchenko ◽  
G. V. Metlina ◽  
Yu. V. Laktionov
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Nutrition Value

The article presents the study results of seed inoculation by specific strains Mesorhizobiumciceri on number and weight of chickpea root nodules, productivity and nutrition value of chickpea cultivated in the southern nature-climatic part of the Rostov region.  The study was conducted on the fields of FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” (in the laboratory of cultivation technology of row crops) located in the southern part of the Rostov region in 2015–2016. The soil of the plot was heavy loamy carbonate blackearth (chernozem) with 7.0 рН, 3.2% of humus, 18–25 of P2O5 mg/kg of soil and 350–400 of K2O mg/kg of soil. The object of the study was a chickpea variety ‘Volgogradsky 10’, approved to use in the Rostov region. The strains of nodule bacteria (Rhyzotorfin) were developed and presented by the FSBSI All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Microbiology (the laboratory of ecology of symbiotic and associative rhizobacteria). Agroclimatic conditions of chickpea vegetation period ranged throughout the years of study that allowed estimating chickpea productivity without fear or favor. The use of Rhyzotorfin strains resulted in increasing preservation of plants for harvesting, improving seed productivity (seed-weight per plant, 1000-kernel weight) and increasing grain productivity (with the increase on 0.24–0.51 t/ha compared with the control). Large yields of fodder units and raw protein per unit area testified the improvement of nutrition value of chickpea kernels, and the increase of these traits to the control was 0.33–0.68 t/ha and 26.5-93.1 kg/ha respectively.

scholarly journals The study of the trait “plant height” in winter bread wheat in the south of the Rostov region

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
A. P. Samofalov ◽  
S. V. Podgorny ◽  
O. V. Skripka ◽  
V. L. Chernova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
The South ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Winter Bread Wheat ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
High Degree

The problem of resistance to lodging during winter wheat cultivation is of great relevance in modern conditions. This trait largely correlates to plant height. The purpose of the current study was to characterize and identify the general patterns of manifestation of the trait “plant height” in the conditions of the south of the Rostov region. The study was conducted in 2013–2018 in the department of the breeding and seed production of winter bread wheat in the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. The objects of the study were the collection wheat samples of various ecological and geographical origin. There has been established that the variability of the trait “plant height” was of a medium size (10% < CV < 20%) through all the years of study, excepting the year of 2015 (CV = 9.8%). This result has indicated a high degree of genotypic influence. There has been established that the maximum average yields for 6 years were produced by the samples with 81–90 and 91–100 cm of height. There has been identified a correlation between “plant height” and “productivity”, between “resistance to lodging” and “phase of head formation”. There have been identified such semi-dwarf samples with high resistance to lodging, characterized by a stable manifestation of plant height in various weather conditions as “Ling xing 99”, “Fuimai 5” (China); “Orienta” (USA); “Zlatka” (Serbia); “Minstrel”, “СО1044” (France).

Ways to build up a trait collection of corn by vegetation period classes and its components

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
N.V. Kuzmyshyna ◽  
V.K. Riabchun ◽  
S.N. Vakulenko ◽  
N.V. Tertyshna ◽  
Yu.O. Bibel
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
The Usa

Aim. To study new collection corn accessions by vegetation period classes and its components to build up a trait collection. Results and Discussions. The experiments were conducted in the eastern left-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine in the scientific crop rotation fields of the Plant Production Institute named after VYa Yuriev of NAAS in 2016-2019 Field surveys and laboratory analyses were carried out using methodological approaches to studying collection corn accessions. The article presents the results on building up a trait collection of corn, which includes 111 collection accessions of new domestic self-pollinated corn lines, diverse in their genetics, identified as carriers of a set of valuable economic and biological traits on the basis of previous studies. The pedigrees of the lines included seven synthetic populations from Australia and one synthetic population from the USA, three varieties from China, two varieties from Ukraine, two varieties from Syria, four lines from Ukraine, seven lines from the USA; three hybrids from Thailand, one hybrid from France, one hybrid from Serbia, and one hybrid from Egypt. Due to multi-year studies of corn collection accessions, sources of valuable economic traits with high levels of their expression were identified. The sources are of interest for breeding to create corn hybrids. Conclusions. We grouped the lines was selected lines that are suitable for breeding: 24 lines with early emergence of seedlings (11-12 days), 29 lines with early anthesis (49–53 days), 64 lines with a minimum gap in anthesis (1-4 days), 14 lines with rapid water yielding belonging to various ripeness groups. We singled out cold-tolerant lines derived from a foreign (Egypt) hybrid (UKhK 653, UKhK 654, UKhK 655), from foreign (the USA, Australia) synthetics (UKhK 530, UKhK 692, UKhK 698). We also distinguished lines with increased productivity (86-116 g of grain per plant) and 1000-kernel weight (over 328 g): mid-early flint lines UKhK 724 and UKhK 727 derived from original French forms; nine mid-ripening lines originating from original Ukrainian (UKhK 612), American (UKhK 617, UKhK 618, UKhK 619), French (UKhK 725) and Egyptian (UKhK 653, UKhK 654, UKhK 655) forms; and one line from Thailand (UKhK 718), in which the vegetation period structure index ranged 0.8 to 1.0. We found sources of drought resistance: UKhK 719, UKhK 723, UKhK 724, and UKHK 726. Sources of good water yielding from grain are mid-early lines UKhK 690, UKhK 721, UKhK 730; mid-ripening lines UKhK 623, UKhK 631, UKhK 665, UKhK 672, UKhK 706 UKhK 715, UKhK 726; and mid-late lines UKhK 648, UKhK 652, UKhK 672, UKhK 720.

ТOPONYMIC RELICTS IN VORONEZH SURNAMES

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
Л.Н. Верховых
Keyword(s):  
Proper Names ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
The South ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Voronezh Region ◽  
Historical Methods

В статье рассматриваются фамилии жителей ряда сел Воронежской области, восходящие к топонимам и катойконимам. Материалом исследования послужили более 1300 антропонимических единиц в синхронии и 275 в диахронии (по данным ревизских сказок 1816 года). Целью данной статьи является установление различных видов топонимических реликтов в воронежских фамилиях (на примере ряда сел Поворинского, Новохоперского, Таловского районов Воронежской области) с использованием описательного и сравнительно-исторического методов. В результате исследования с лексико-семантической точки зрения выделены следующие типы топонимических реликтов: 1) топонимические реликты, восходящие к разновидностям топонимов - ойконимам (собственным именам поселений); 2) топонимические реликты, восходящие к катойконимам - оттопонимным образованиям (нарицательным именованием жителей по названию места жительства); 3) топонимические реликты, восходящие к гидронимам - собственным наименованиям водных объектов. Топонимическую основу имеют 2,5% от общего числа рассмотренных антропонимов. Анализ сохранившихся в фамилиях топонимических реликтов, классифицированных в соответствии с основами онимов, позволяет сделать вывод о том, что в Воронежский край переселялись жители из разных областей Центральной России, с юга России - Ростовского края, Белоруссии, а также с Украины, что подтверждают и исторические документы. The article deals with the surnames of a number of villages in Voronezh region that go back to toponyms and kataikonyms. We have used more than 1300 anthroponymic units in synchrony and 275 indiachrony (according to the revision lists of 1816) as the research material. The purpose of this article is to establish various types of toponymic relicts in Voronezh surnames (exemplified by a number of villages of Povorinsky, Novokhopersky, Talovsky districts of the Voronezh region) using descriptive and comparative historical methods. As a result of the study, we have identified the following types of toponymic relicts from lexical and semantic pointы of view: 1) toponymic relicts dating back to the varieties of toponyms - oikonyms (proper names of settlements); 2) toponymic relicts dating back to katoikonyms - toponym formations (common names of people derived from the name of the residence place); 3) toponymic relicts dating back to hydronyms - proper names of water bodies. 2.5% of the total number of considered anthroponyms have a toponymic basis. Ananalysis of the toponymic relicts preserved in the surnames, classified in accordance with the basics of onyms, allow us to conclude that residents from different regions of Central Russia, from the South of Russia - the Rostov region, Belarus, as well as from Ukraine moved to the Voronezh region, which is also confirmed by historical documents.

Triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) Response to Herbicides

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan C. York ◽  
Stewart M. Turner ◽  
Ronald E. Jarrett
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
X Triticosecale ◽  
Affected Plant ◽  
Yield Test ◽  
Triticosecale Wittmack ◽  
X Triticosecale Wittmack

The response of ‘Florico,’ ‘Victoria,’ and 'Stan II’ triticale to 2,4-D, dicamba, 2,4-D plus dicamba, diclofop, and thifensulfuron plus tribenuron applied POST during the tillering stage was examined. At rates twice those recommended for application to wheat, Victoria and Stan II were not injured, and injury to Florico was less than 10%. None of the herbicides or combinations adversely affected plant height at maturity, tiller or spike production, grain weight/spike, kernel weight, kernels/spike, yield, or test weight of any cultivar. Cultivars varied in tiller production, height, yield, test weight, kernel weight, and kernels/spike.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document