scholarly journals Features of the frequency of angio-, retino- and neuropathy, general clinical and anthropometric parameters in patients with type 1 diabetes with different levels of albumin in the urine depending on the level of cystatin C

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Yu.O. Kryvoviaz ◽  
V.S. Vernigorodskiy ◽  
І.V. Dzevulska ◽  
Yu.G. Shevchuk ◽  
P.S. Zhuchenko
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Different Levels

Cystatin C improves the risk stratification among people with diabetic nephropathy, the risk of mortality, cardiovascular disease, disorders of the visual organ and nervous system in the preclinical and early stages. The aim of the study was to study the frequency of angio-, retino- and neuropathy, as well as differences in general clinical and anthropometric parameters in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) with different levels of albumin in the urine depending on cystatin C. The sample was 78 men and 62 women aged 22-26 years, patients with T1D, who were hospitalized in the therapeutic department №1 and №2 of the Vinnytsia Regional Highly Specialized Endocrinology Center. The control group consisted of 8 healthy men and 13 healthy women of the same age. The level of microalbuminuria and cystatin C was determined for all patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The frequency of angio-, retino- and neuropathy, general clinical (systolic, diastolic, pulse) and anthropometric (height, weight, body surface area, waist circumference, body mass index) was assessed indicators. Statistical processing of the obtained results was performed in the license package “Statistica 5.5”, using non-parametric evaluation methods. It was found that in the group of men with cystatin C<0.9, and in women with cystatin C>0.9 with increasing albuminuria, the percentage of patients with more severe microvascular complications of T1D. In patients with diabetes mellitus 1 compared with the control group systolic blood pressure is significantly higher and increases with increasing albumin levels in the urine (with cystatin C<0.9 – in men with normo-, microalbuminuria and proteinuria by 7.14%, 8.1% and 10.8%; in women with normo-, microalbuminuria by 7.5% and 10.0%, with cystatin C>0.9 – in men with normo-, microalbuminuria by 4.9% and 7.2%, in women with proteinuria by 19.5%). Similar changes were found for diastolic blood pressure (with cystatin C<0.9 – in men with proteinuria by 13.0%; in women with normo-, microalbuminuria by 11.4% and 13.4%; with cystatin C>0.9 – in men with microalbuminuria by 9.0%; in women with normo- and proteinuria by 9.5% and 21.5%) and heart rate (with cystatin C<0.9 – in men with microalbuminuria and proteinuria by 18.4% and 12.6%, in women with microalbuminuria by 9.13%; with cystatin C>0.9 – in men with microalbuminuria by 12.0%, in women with normo-, microalbuminuria and proteinuria by 10.1%, 16.3% and 25.3%). In patients with T1D compared to the control group, the length of the body is significantly smaller and decreases with increasing levels of albumin in the urine (with cystatin C<0.9 – in men with normo-, microalbuminuria and proteinuria by 3.6%, 6.7% and 9.0%; women with microalbuminuria by 1.9%, with cystatin C>0.9 – in men with normo-, microalbuminuria by 5.2% and 7.3%, in women with normoalbuminuria and proteinuria by 2.6% and 4.3%). Similar changes were found in men for body weight (with cystatin C<0.9 – with microalbuminuria and proteinuria by 13.6% and 30.1%; with cystatin C>0.9 – with normo- and microalbuminuria by 10.2% and 25.4%) and body surface area (with cystatin C<0.9 – with normo-, microalbuminuria and proteinuria by 5.8%, 10.8% and 18.9%; with cystatin C>0.9 – with normo- and microalbuminuria by 8.2% and 16.2%). The size of the waist circumference in patients with T1D with normoalbuminuria is significantly higher, and in patients of other groups significantly less than in healthy subjects (with cystatin C<0.9 – with normo-, microalbuminuria and proteinuria by 3.8%, 1.2% and 5.2%; cystatin C>0.9 – with microalbuminuria by 5.1%). Compared to healthy women, the waist circumference was significantly higher in sick women (with cystatin C<0.9 – with normo- and microalbuminuria by 11.2% and 10.7%; with cystatin C>0.9 – with normo- and proteinuria by 9.7% and 6.0%). In patients with T1D men with proteinuria compared with the control group, the value of the body mass index was significantly lower by 9.7% (cystatin C<0.9). The value of the body mass index was significantly higher in patients with normoalbuminuria and microalbuminuria – by 11.8% and 17.7% (cystatin C<0.9), respectively, and in patients with proteinuria by 7.2% (cystatin C>0.9) compared with healthy women. Thus, between healthy and patients with T1D with varying degrees of albuminuria, differences in general clinical and anthropometric parameters were found, and they are greater the higher the level of cystatin C.

scholarly journals The Association of Obesity and Liver Enzyme Activities in a Student Population at Increased Risk for Cardiovascular Disease / Veza Između Gojaznosti I Aktivnosti Jetrenih Enzima U Studentskoj Populaciji Sa Povećanim Rizikom Za Nastanak Kardiovaskularnih Bolesti

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emina Čolak ◽  
Dragana Pap ◽  
Nada Majkić-Singh ◽  
Ivana Obradović
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Increased Risk

Summary Background: It has been reported that obesity is associated with metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, cardiovascular risk but also with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents is increasing rapidly all over the world. The aim of this study was to analyze the value of liver enzymes: AST, ALT and γGT in a group of obese students in order to establish their correlation to anthropometric parameters such as: BMI (body mass index), WC (waist circumference), HC (hip circumference), and WHR (waist-to-hip ratio) compared to non-obese students who comprised the control group (CG). Methods: In this study, 238 students from the University of Novi Sad of both sexes (126 men and 112 women) with a mean age of 22.32 ± 1.85 years were included. According to the body mass index (BMI) lower and higher than 25 kg/m2 and waist circumference (WC) lower and higher than 94 cm (80 cm for females) the whole group of 238 students was divided into 2 subgroups: the obese group at increased risk for CVD (Group 1) and the group at lower risk for CVD (Group 2). AST, ALT and γGT activities were determined in fasting blood samples. Results: Statistical processing data revealed significantly higher values of AST, ALT and γGT in the group of students with BMI>25 kg/m2, WC>94 cm for males and WC>80 cm for females, HC>108 cm for males and HC>111 cm for females, and WHR>0.90 for males and WHR>0.80 for females (P<0.001). Significant association was established between anthropometric parameters and liver enzyme levels (P<0.0001). Conclusions: Obese students with higher BMI, WC, HC and WHR values have higher liver enzyme activites and a higher chance to develop NAFLD in the future.

scholarly journals Effects of Triphala on Lipid and Glucose Profiles and Anthropometric Parameters: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 2515690X2110110
Author(s):  
Wiraphol Phimarn ◽  
Bunleu Sungthong ◽  
Hiroyuki Itabe
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters

Aim. The efficacy of triphala on lipid profile, blood glucose and anthropometric parameters and its safety were assessed. Methods. Databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Thai Library Integrated System (ThaiLIS) were systematically searched to review current evidence of randomized controlled trials (RCT) on triphala. RCTs investigating the safety and efficacy of triphala on lipid profile, blood glucose and anthropometric parameters were included. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed independently by 2 authors. Results. Twelve studies on a total of 749 patients were included. The triphala-treated groups showed significantly reduced low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, total cholesterol and triglyceride in 6 studies. Five RCTs demonstrated triphala-treated groups led to statistically significant decrease in body weight, body mass index and waist circumference of obese patients. Moreover, triphala significantly decreased fasting blood glucose level in diabetic patients but not in people without diabetes. No serious adverse event associated with triphala was reported during treatment. Conclusions. This review summarized a current evidence to show triphala might improve the lipid profile, blood glucose, the body weight, body mass index and waist circumference under certain conditions. However, large well-designed RCTs are required to confirm this conclusion.

scholarly journals General clinical and anthropometric parameters in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus depending on the level of albumin in the urine

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Yu. O. Kryvoviaz
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters

Currently there are many experimental markers of diabetic nephropathy, but clinical practice focuses mainly on the presence of albuminuria, which usually manifests itself in both adults and children on average 5-7 years after the onset of diabetes. The aim of the study was to study the general clinical and anthropometric parameters in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) depending on the level of albumin in the urine. The study included 78 men and 62 women aged 22 to 26 years with T1D. The control group consisted of 8 healthy men and 13 healthy women of the same age. The level of microalbuminuria was determined in all patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The assessment of general clinical (pulse, systolic, diastolic pressure) and anthropometric (height, weight, body surface area, waist circumference, body mass index) indicators was performed. Statistical processing of the obtained results was performed in the license package “Statistica 5.5”, using non-parametric evaluation methods. It was found that angio-, retino- and neuropathy occurred in all patients with T1D. Simultaneously with the increase in albuminuria, the percentage of patients with deeper degrees of these complications increased. It was found that with increasing levels of albumin in the urine in most cases increases the percentage of patients with a correspondingly severe degree of these complications. Thus, in patients with T1D men found: angiopathy of the III degree with normoalbuminuria – 12.5 %, with microalbuminuria – 40.0 %, with proteinuria – 53.8 %; retinopathy of the II-III degree with normoalbuminuria – 0 % and 7.5 %, with microalbuminuria – 4.0 % and 40.0 %, with proteinuria – 100 % and 0 %; II-III degree neuropathy with normoalbuminuria – 65.0 % and 0 %, with microalbuminuria – 92.0 % and 0 %, with proteinuria – 0 % and 92.3 %. In patients with T1D women were found: angiopathy of the III degree with normoalbuminuria – 29.0 %, with microalbuminuria – 13.0 %, with proteinuria – 62.5 %; retinopathy of the II-III degree with normoalbuminuria – 3.2 % and 9.7 %, with microalbuminuria – 4.3 % and 26.1 %, with proteinuria – 87.5 % and 0 %; II-III degree neuropathy with normoalbuminuria – 71.0 % and 0 %, with microalbuminuria – 91.3 % and 0 %, with proteinuria – 12.5 % and 75.0 %. In patients with T1D with normo-, microalbuminuria and proteinuria, the value of systolic, diastolic blood pressure and pulse, in most cases, significantly higher than in healthy subjects (respectively in men by 6.1-18.3 % – 3.6-20.3 % and 4.2-14.7 %; in women – by 5.0-20.0 % – 9.1-22.8 % and 8.0-31.6 %). The value of these indicators increased with the increase in the level of albumin in the urine (respectively in men by 11.4 % – 16.1 % and 10.1 %; in women –- by 13.3 % – 10.0 % and 21.8 %). Patients with T1D had lower values of growth (respectively in men by 4.6-9.2 %; in women – 2.2-4.1 %), weight (only in men by 9.0-26.4 %) and body surface area (respectively in men by 7.2-17.7 %, in women – 4.8 % only in the group of proteinuria). Body mass index in sick men, compared with healthy, was significantly lower only in the group of proteinuria (by 5.5 %); and in women it was higher in the groups of normo- and microalbuminuria (by 10.6 % and 11.2 %). Patients with T1D women compared to healthy women had a larger waist circumference (by 5.5-11.8 %), and in patients with T1D men – on the contrary, this figure was lower in the group of microalbuminuria (by 4.0 %). Thus, the differences in general clinical and anthropometric parameters between patients with T1D with different levels of albumin in the urine and the degree of complications from the vascular and nervous system allow to assess the severity and compensation of the disease, and comparison of these indicators with the control group possibilities of disease development and peculiarities of the pathological process.

scholarly journals The Influence of Anthropometric Indices and Intermediary Determinants of Hypertension in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5646
Author(s):  
Sally Sonia Simmons ◽  
John Elvis Hagan ◽  
Thomas Schack
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Hypertension is a major public health burden in Bangladesh. However, studies considering the underlying multifaceted risk factors of this health condition are sparse. The present study concurrently examines anthropometric parameters and intermediary factors influencing hypertension risk in Bangladesh. Using the 2018 World Health Organisation (WHO) STEPwise approach to non-communicable disease risk factor surveillance (STEPS) study conducted in Bangladesh and involving 8019 nationally representative adult respondents, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association between anthropometrics, other intermediary factors and hypertension. The regression results were presented using the odds ratio (OR) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) at 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The risk of hypertension was higher among females and males who were 40 years and older. However, among females, those who were age 60 years and older were more than twice and thrice more likely to be hypertensive compared to those in the younger age groups (18–39, 40–59). Females who were obese (body mass index [BMI], waist to hip ratio [WHR], waist to height ratio [WHtR]) or had high waist circumference [WC] were twice as likely to be hypertensive. Males and females who were physically active, consuming more fruits and vegetables daily and educated had lower odds of developing hypertension. Key findings suggest that the association between anthropometric indices (body mass index [BMI], waist to hip ratio [WHR], waist to height ratio [WHtR]), waist circumference [WC]), other intermediary determinants (e.g., education, physical activity) and hypertension exist across gender and with increasing age among adults in Bangladesh. Developing appropriate public health interventions (e.g., regular assessment of anthropometric parameters) for early identification of the risk and pattern of hypertension through appropriate screening and diagnosis is required to meet the specific health needs of the adult Bangladesh population.

scholarly journals Relationship between the diameter of great saphenous vein and body mass index

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amélia C. Seidel ◽  
Fausto Miranda Jr. ◽  
Yara Juliano ◽  
Neil F. Novo
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Paired Data ◽  
Color Flow ◽  
Spearman Test ◽  
Different Levels

OBJECTIVE: This study has been designed to correlate the diameter of the greater saphenous vein in different levels of the lower limbs with the body mass index of each individual to determine a possible relation between them. METHODS: Fifty-two lower limbs in 26 volunteers (six males and 20 females) without a chronic venous disease record, aged 21-68 were evaluated. Prior to color-flow duplex scanning the body mass index was defined. The deep and superficial venous systems and perforator veins were assessed as described in the literature. The diameter of the greater saphenous vein was measured with ultrasound longitudinal imaging in seven different levels. For the statistical analysis, Student t test for paired data and Spearman test were used. RESULTS: The difference observed in saphenous venous in the second and third levels when compared to the lower right and left limbs was not considered significant and a single group was formed to correlate with body mass index. The correlation was considered statistically irrelevant. CONCLUSION: By correlating the diameters of the greater saphenous vein with the body mass index of each individual it was noted that the relation between them is not significant, therefore it can be assumed that tall thin individuals can have greater saphenous vein with similar diameter as short fat individuals.

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SHORT SLEEP DURATION AND OBESITY IN MEDICAL STUDENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapaswini Mishra ◽  
Dipti Mohapatra ◽  
Manasi Behera ◽  
Srimannarayan Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Obese Class

ABSTRACTObjective: Adequate sleep has been considered important for the adolescent’s health and well-being. On the other hand, self-imposed sleepcurtailment is now recognized as a potentially important and novel risk factor for obesity. The objective of the study is to find the association betweenshort sleep duration and obesity (by calculating the body mass index [BMI]) among medical students.Methods: The study was conducted on 100 medical students. A brief history of sleep duration was taken. The height and weight were taken and thebody mass index (BMI) was calculated by formula weight in kg / height in m. Based on the BMI criteria the students were classified into six groups:Underweight, normal, overweight, obese class I, obese class II and obese III. The waist circumference (WC) was also taken. The data obtained werestatistically analysed by ANOVA test and the p < 0.5 was considered significant.2Results: The present cross-sectional study showed that there is an association between short sleep duration and obesity which was highly significant(p<0.001). This study also shows that there is an association between short sleep duration and waist circumference which was also highly significant(p<0.001).Conclusion: The present study observed a high association of short sleep duration among medical students of IMS and SUM Hospital and that shortsleep duration was significantly associated with increased risk of overweight and obesity. We should further investigate whether adults adopting ahealthy lifestyle with short sleep duration would improve their sleeping habits or not.Keywords: Sleep duration, Body mass index, Waist circumference, Obesity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of diagnostic potential of the collagen osteogenesis marker (P1NP) compared with osteocalcin in Cushing’s disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timur T. Tsoriev ◽  
Zhanna E. Belaya ◽  
Lyudmila Y. Rozhinskaya ◽  
Larisa V. Nikankina
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Secondary Osteoporosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bone Formation Markers ◽  
Diagnostic Potential

Background: Secondary osteoporosis is a significant problem, especially in patients with endocrine pathology, which is not accompanied constantly by distinct clinical symptoms. Markers of bone origin are needed, which could be used in osteoporosis diagnosis to clarify its genesis, especially in young people who have secondary osteoporosis more often than older patients. In Cushings disease (CD), such a marker, in addition to osteocalcin, could be another bone formation marker, procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP). Aims: To study the diagnostic potential of P1NP as an additional marker of endogenous hypercortisolism (Cushings disease) compared to osteocalcin. Materials and methods: The study involved patients with Cushings disease and healthy volunteers, matched by gender, age, and body mass index. The levels of osteocalcin and P1NP were assessed in both groups, the electrochemiluminescence method for P1NP (Cobas e411 (Roche, Switzerland)) and for osteocalcin (Cobas 6000 Module e601 (Roche, Switzerland)) was used. ROC analysis was performed with the calculation of sensitivity and specificity of the method to determine the cut-off point for P1NP in CD diagnosis. Results: 29 patients with Cushings disease and 27 healthy individuals from the control group were included in the study. There were no differences in age, sex and body mass index (p = 0.488, 0.426 and 0.531, respectively). Both studied bone formation markers (osteocalcin and P1NP) were reduced in patients with CD: 8.53 ng/ml (Q25%;Q75% 5.40; 12.41) versus 22.45 ng/ml (Q25%;Q75% 17.36; 26.31) (p 0.001) and 28.50 ng/ml (Q25%;Q75% 18.00; 44.00) versus 56.50 ng/ml (Q25%;Q75% 39.50; 65.50) (p 0.001), respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.808 (95% CI 0.6930.924) for P1NP and 0.925 (95% CI 0.8570.992) for osteocalcin, that indicates the greater diagnostic value of osteocalcin for CD verification in healthy controls. Optimal cut-off points were obtained: 53.4 ng/ml (values below are more typical for patients with CD; sensitivity of the method is 96.55%, specificity 57.69%) for P1NP and 15.285 ng/ml (below for patients with CD; sensitivity was 92.59%, specificity 77.78 %) for osteocalcin. Conclusions: The diagnostic potential of osteocalcin to detect Cushings disease in the population is higher compared to P1NP. However, applying of P1NP can be useful because, unlike osteocalcin, it is a direct indicator of the formation of bone matrix collagen structures, that is important for assessing the degree of inhibition of collagen type 1 synthesis in CD and deterioration of bone tissue due to glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Association of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference with All-Cause Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1289
Author(s):  
Chang Seong Kim ◽  
Kyung-Do Han ◽  
Hong Sang Choi ◽  
Eun Hui Bae ◽  
Seong Kwon Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
National Health Insurance System ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Nationally Representative

In this study based on a large nationally representative sample of Korean adults, we investigated the potential associations of the body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis. We obtained the data of 18,699 participants >20 years of age who were followed up with for 4 years and for whom BMI and WC information were available, using a nationally representative dataset from the Korean National Health Insurance System. Patients were stratified into five levels by their baseline BMI and into six levels by their WC (5-cm increments). A total of 4975 deaths occurred during a median follow-up period of 48.2 months. Participants with a higher BMI had a lower mortality rate than those with a lower BMI. In a fully adjusted Cox regression analysis, being overweight and obese was associated with a significantly lower relative risk of all-cause mortality relative to the reference group. Conversely, the mortality rate was higher among participants with a high WC than among those with a low WC. Participants with the highest WC had a higher risk of mortality, while those with the lowest WC level had a significantly lower risk of mortality. In conclusion, all-cause mortality was positively associated with WC, a measure of abdominal obesity, and inversely associated with BMI, a measure of body volume, in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

scholarly journals Changes in anthropometric and metabolic parameters in pregnancy and neonatal physical development during last decades

Medicina ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gražina Drąsutienė ◽  
Janina Tutkuvienė ◽  
Jolita Zakarevičienė ◽  
Diana Ramašauskaitė ◽  
Žaneta Kasilovskienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Changes In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Objective. To evaluate changes in anthropometric and biochemical parameters in pregnancy and their dynamics during last two decades and to determine the association between anthropometric and biochemical parameters, their influence on fetal and neonatal development. Material and methods. In 1985–2005, anthropometric (height, body mass, weight gain during pregnancy, pelvic measurements, skinfold thicknesses, passive body mass) and biochemical (cholesterol, triglyceride, protein, and iron levels) parameters, their correlation, changes in pregnancy were examined; also the correlations between these parameters and neonatal body mass indices were evaluated. In 1986–1987, 383 pregnant women were examined, in 1998 – 130, and in 2003–2005 – 133. Results. During 20 years, the height of examined women increased on an average of 2.5 cm; they became thinner; body mass index decreased. The body composition became similar to “cylinder” shape due to decreased thickness of adipose tissue in the limbs. The dimensions of bony pelvis – external conjugate and bicristal diameters – decreased. Primiparous women became older (1995 – 22.5 years of age, 2004 – 27.6). At the beginning of investigation, the weight gain was on an average of 21.9% of body mass before pregnancy (13.3 kg) and at the end – 23.9% (14.2 kg). The values of anthropometric parameters vary in a consistent pattern during pregnancy: the lower body mass and body mass index at the beginning of pregnancy, the higher weight gain at the end of pregnancy. Blood serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and especially iron were decreased during the study. Conclusions. An inverse correlation between body mass index and lipid metabolism in pregnancy was revealed: the higher body mass index was at the beginning of pregnancy, the lower increase in lipid concentration was during pregnancy. At the beginning of investigation as well as after 20 years, women with low body mass index showed the most significant anthropometric and lipid metabolic changes in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Anthropometric Indices and Some Aspects of Physical Fitness in Croatian Adolescents by Gender

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 2582
Author(s):  
Martin Zvonar ◽  
Mario Kasović ◽  
Lovro Štefan
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Long Jump

Background. The main purpose of this study was to explore the body-mass index and waist circumference associated with physical fitness by gender. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, we included 1036 adolescents (55.4% girls) from eight randomly selected secondary schools within the city of Zagreb (Croatia). Body-mass index and waist circumference were objectively measured. Physical fitness included three tests: (1) 1 min sit-ups, (2) standing long jump and (3) a sit-and-reach test. Associations were calculated using linear regression models. Results. Boys had higher body-mass index and waist circumference values, compared to girls (p < 0.001). They also performed better in 1 min sit-ups and the standing long jump tests (p < 0.001), while girls obtained higher values in the sit-and-reach test (p < 0.001). In boys, body-mass index and waist circumference were associated with 1 min sit-ups and the standing long jump. In girls, waist circumference was also associated with 1 min sit-ups and the standing long jump, while body-mass index was only associated with this standing long jump. Conclusions. Our study shows that anthropometric indices have non-linear associations with physical fitness tests in a large sample of Croatian adolescents. Screening for thinness and obesity to predict the level of physical fitness should be of a great interest.

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