scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF MICROBIAL PREPARATIONS ON THE FORMATION OF PLANT STRUCTURE INDICATORS AND GRAIN YIELD OF SOYBEAN AND BEAN VARIETIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (97) ◽  
pp. 268-278
Author(s):  
О. S. Chynchyk ◽  
S. Y. Olifirovych ◽  
V. О. Olifirovych ◽  
І. І. Humeniuk ◽  
V.S. Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Plant Structure ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Bean Variety ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
The Individual

The mass of grains from the plant is one of the main features that determines the final productivity of soybeans. In the control (without the use of biological products), the weight of grains from one soybean plant of the Suzirria variety was 10.2 g, of the Danaia variety — 9.8 g, and of the Estafeta variety — only 7.8 g. Seed inoculation with Rhizobophyte and complex use of biological products (Rhizobophyte + Phosphoenterin + Biopolycid) increased the individual productivity of soybean plants. In particular, in the variant with seed treatment with Rhizobophyte, Phosphoenterin and Biopolycid, the weight of grains from one soybean plant of the Estafeta variety increased to 8.2 g, of the Danaia variety to 10.3 g, and of the Suzirria variety to 11.2 g. The lowest number of beans per plant of Bukovynka beans was observed in areas without seed inoculation — 9.6 pcs. Nata beans were characterized by a larger number of beans (10.0 pieces) and grains (41.9 pieces) per plant. Seed inoculation increased the number of beans and seed weight on plants of the studied varieties. Thus, with the use of Rhizoactive on crops of Bukovynka beans, 10.1 beans and 42.3 grain pieces per plant were formed, Nata variety — 10.8 beans and 46.3 grain pieces on one plant. Among the studied varieties in the variant without the use of fertilizers, the higher grain yield was in the Nata bean variety — 2.38 t/ha. The productivity of beans was significantly affected by inoculation of seeds with Rhizobophyte: grain yield of Bukovynka variety increased by 0.09 t/ha or 4 %, Nata variety — by 0.17 t/ha or 7 %. Conclusions. Suzirria soybeans provided the best yield structure. In particular, in the variant with seed treatment with Rhizobophyte, Phosphoenterin and Biopolycid, the weight of grains from one soybean plant of the Suzirria variety was 11.2 g, Danaia variety — 10.3 g, and Estafeta variety — only 8.2 g. Bacterization of seed by biological products contributed to the increase in grain productivity of soybean plants by 3–17 %. Under the conditions of the research, the Nata bean variety was more productive, forming 10.2—10.4 g of grain per plant, which was 0.2—1.2 g more than the Bukovynka bean variety.

scholarly journals Vegetation duration and productivity of common bean varieties in the southern part of the western Forest-steppe

2021 ◽  
pp. 166-172
Author(s):  
O. Chynchyk ◽  
S. Olifrovych ◽  
V. Olifrovych
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Bean Variety ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Main Components

The industrial cultivation of beans is predertmined by economic and agronomic attractiveness of the crop. However, the selection of varieties is among the main components of technology, which determine the growth of efciency of beans production. The maximum level of cultivars' potential realization largely depends on the duration of the interphase and vegetation periods of common beans. Therefore, the aim of the research was to study the duration of the growing season and grain productivity of common beans, depending on varietal characteristics and seed inoculation. According to the research results, it was found that on the control (bean variety Bukovynka without seed inoculation) the duration of the growing season was 87 days. The growing season was shorter in varieties Halaktyka and Slaviia – 80 and 84 days, respectively. The growing season for varieties Nata and Otrada was longer than the control cultivar Bukovynka – 89 and 92 days, respectively. And the longest growing season for the control fertilization was in the Ros variety – 94 days. Seed inoculation with Rizoaktiv continued the duration of the growing season of the bean variety Slaviia for one day, Bukovynka, Ros, Nata for two days, Otrada for three days. Yield is the most important property of a variety. In our studies, the yield of beans increases from 0.65 to 2.87 t/ha, depending on the weather conditions of the year of cultivation, varietal characteristics and pre-sowing inoculation of seeds. The highest increase in grain yield from seed inoculation was obtained in 2018, which was more favorable in terms of moisture. Thus, the largest increase in grain yield from the use of Rizoactive was provided by the varieties Halaktyka (0.14 t/ha or 5.7 %), Ros (0.15 t/ha or 5.5 %) and Otrada (0.22 t/ha or 7.7 %). On average, according to the results of research conducted in 2018–2020, it was found that inoculation of bean seeds with Rizoactive, depending on the variety, provided an increase in grain yield from 2.4 to 6.7 %. For three years of research, the maximum seed yield was observed in Otrada 2.60 t/ha, slightly lower in Nata 2.50 t/ha and Ros 2.40 t/ha, which was obtained by seed treatment with the bacterial preparation Rizoaktiv. Key words: common beans, variety, vegetation periods, Ryzoaktyv, grain yield.

Comparison of Nodular Efficiencies Between Partridge Pea and Soybean Using Acetylene Reduction

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 449f-450
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Barry ◽  
Michael N. Dana
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Fibrous Root ◽  
Constant Growth Rate ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Nurse Crops ◽  
Partridge Pea

Legumes are grown as nurse crops in agriculture because they increase soil microbial life and productivity. Native legumes have potential in ecological restoration to mimic the benefits found in agriculture plus they enhance the restored ecosystem. This study was initiated to compare the growth rates, nodulation characteristics, and nitrogen fixation rates of a native versus a non-native legume. The two legumes were partridge pea (Cassia fasciculata); a native, wild, annual legume and soybean (Glycine max `Century Yellow); a domesticated, agricultural, annual legume native to Asia. Plants were grown for 11 weeks in pots containing silica sand and received a nitrogen-free Hoagland's nutrient solution. Beginning at week 12, plants were harvested weekly for four consecutive weeks. Nodulated root systems were exposed to acetylene gas and the resulting ethylene amounts were measured. The two legumes exhibited significant differences in nodule size and shape and plant growth rate. In soybean, nodules were large, spherical, and clustered around the taproot while in partridge pea, nodules were small, irregularly shaped, and spread throughout the fibrous root system. Soybean plants had a significantly faster growth rate at the onset of the experiment but partridge pea maintained a constant growth rate and eventually exceeded soybean plant size. In spite of these observed differences, partridge pea and soybean plants were equally efficient at reducing acetylene to ethylene. These results indicate partridge pea has the potential to produce as much nitrogen in the field as soybean. Native legumes such as partridge pea deserve further research to explore their use as nurse crops in agricultural or restoration regimes.

scholarly journals Crosses with spelt improve tolerance of South Asian spring wheat to spot blotch, terminal heat stress, and their combination

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajeet Kumar Pandey ◽  
Vinod Kumar Mishra ◽  
Ramesh Chand ◽  
Sudhir Navathe ◽  
Neeraj Budhlakoti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Spikelet Sterility ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Terminal Heat Stress ◽  
H 26 ◽  
The Individual

AbstractSpot blotch and terminal heat are two of the most important stresses for wheat in South Asia. A study was initiated to explore the use of spelt (Triticum spelta) to improve tolerance to these stresses in spring wheat (T. aestivum). We assessed 185 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from the cross T. spelta (H + 26) × T. aestivum (cv. HUW234), under the individual stresses and their combination. H + 26 showed better tolerance to the single stresses and also their combination; grain yield in RILs was reduced by 21.9%, 27.7% and 39.0% under spot blotch, terminal heat and their combined effect, respectively. However, phenological and plant architectural traits were not affected by spot blotch itself. Multivariate analysis demonstrated a strong negative correlation between spikelet sterility and grain yield under spot blotch, terminal heat and their combination. However, four recombinant lines demonstrated high performance under both stresses and also under their combined stress. The four lines were significantly superior in grain yield and showed significantly lower AUDPC than the better parent. This study demonstrates the potential of spelt wheat in enhancing tolerance to spot blotch and terminal heat stresses. It also provides comprehensive evidence about the expression of yield and phenological traits under these stresses.

scholarly journals Effect of seed treatment and foliar spray with fungicides in controlling black point disease of wheat

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
PK Malaker ◽  
IH Mian
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Black Point ◽  
Wheat Seeds

The efficacy of seed treatment and foliar spray with fungicides in controlling black point incidence of wheat seeds was evaluated in the field. Two seed treating fungicides, namely Vitavax-200 and Homai-80WP were used @ 0.25% of dry seed weight and foliar spray with Tilt-250EC (0.05%) was applied in six different schedules. Untreated and unsprayed controls were also maintained. Seed treatment with either Vitavax-200 or Homai-80WP significantly increased plant population and grain yield, but none of them was found effective in reducing black point incidence. On the other hand, foliar sprays with Tilt-250EC under all the spray schedules except spraying at 70 and 90 DAS significantly minimized the disease severity over unsprayed control. Among the different spray schedules, spraying at 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 DAS appeared to be most effective, which was similar to spraying at 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 DAS in reducing black point incidence and increasing grain yield. Economic analysis on yield advantage showed that the highest additional gross margin of Tk. 6120/ha with BCR 2.57 was obtained from five sprays applied at 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 DAS. Key Words: Seed treatment, foliar spray, black point, wheat. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i3.3968 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(3) : 425-434, September 2009

scholarly journals Seed treatment for management of Meloidogyne javanica in soybean

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 2995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriely Alves de Almeida ◽  
Vinicius Hicaro Frederico Abe ◽  
Ricardo Marcelo Gonçalves ◽  
Maria Isabel Balbi-Peña ◽  
Débora Cristina Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Juvenile Mortality ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Final Population ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Soybean Plants

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the active ingredient abamectin, either in isolation or in combination with fungicides and insecticides formulated for the industrial seed treatment, on the population of Meloidogyne javanica, tested under greenhouse and in vitro conditions. In both tests, the combination of the following treatments was assessed: abamectin; thiamethoxam; fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M + thiabendazole. Water was used as control for the in vitro assay, whereas under greenhouse conditions, controls were inoculated and not inoculated with M. javanica. The tests were conducted in a completely randomized design with six (in vitro) and ten (greenhouse) replicates. For in vitro studies the effect on hatching, motility, and mortality of juveniles of M. javanica was evaluated. Under greenhouse conditions, the soybean ‘BRS 133’ seeds were treated, and at 15, 30, and 60 days after inoculation (DAI) with M. javanica, plant measurements were recorded. The penetration of second stage juveniles (J2) was also evaluated at 15 DAI. At 30 DAI, galls, egg masses, nematodes/g of root, and final population were evaluated. At 60 DAI, the final population of nematodes in the roots was quantified. The treatments containing abamectin were the most effective in diminishing the hatching of juveniles. All treatments had an effect on nematode motility when compared to the control, and in the treatment containing only abamectin, total juvenile mortality was observed. In greenhouse conditions, at 15 DAI, the treated soybean plants had the highest root mass and shoot length, differing statistically from the inoculated control. All treatments reduced the number of nematodes per gram of root, differing from the control. At 30 DAI, treatment efficiency was observed in reducing the final population of M. javanica, particularly the treatments using abamectin, and abamectin + thiamethoxam + fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M + thiabendazole. However, at 60 DAI, the effect of the treatments on the population of M. javanica did not persist.

scholarly journals Growth and yield performance of soybean with the application of Bradyrhyzobium inoculant via furrow and seed

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2387
Author(s):  
Santiel Alves Vieira Neto ◽  
Fábio Ribeiro Pires ◽  
João Carlos Madalão ◽  
Douglas Gomes Viana ◽  
Carlos César Evangelista de Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Dry Matter Weight

Given the high costs of agricultural production, especially due to the price of fertilisers, particularly nitrogen, the use of inoculants to supply nitrogen to soybean crops is a widely recommended practice. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of applying inoculants through seed and planting furrow in soil previously cultivated with soybean and Brazilian native “cerrado” biome soil under greenhouse conditions. Seven treatments were tested: 1) inoculation via seed (inoculant + fungicide + micronutrient), 2) treatment via seed (fungicide + micronutrient), 3) control (only seed), 4) inoculation via furrow-dose 1 (recommended dose), 5) inoculation via furrow-dose 2 (twice the recommended dose), 6) inoculation via furrow-dose 3 (three times the recommended dose) and 7) inoculation via furrow-dose 1 + seed inoculation. We evaluated plant height, fresh and dry matter weight of the aerial part and nodules, number of total, viable and non-viable nodules, number of pods per plant and grain yield. Inoculation was more effective when used in cerrado soil, but soybean performance in treatments without inoculation was higher in previously cultivated soil. Application through furrow proved to be a viable practice due to the similarity of the results obtained with the traditional application by seed.

scholarly journals Action of growth regulators on flowering and pod production of soybean cultivar Davis

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-112
Author(s):  
Paulo R.C. Castro ◽  
Roberto S. Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Soybean Cultivar ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Trimethylammonium Chloride ◽  
Triiodobenzoic Acid ◽  
Soybean Plants

This research deals with the effects of growth regulators on flowering and pod formation in soybean plant (Glycine max cv. Davis). Under greenhouse conditions, soybean plants were sprayed with 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) 20 ppm, Agrostemmin (1g/10 ml/3 l) gibberellic acid (GA) 100 ppm, and (2-chloroethyl) trimethylammonium chloride (CCC) 2,000 ppm. Application of TIBA increased number of flowers. 'Davis' soybean treated with CCC and TIBA presented a tendency to produce a lower number of pods.

Soybean Sensitivity to Florpyrauxifen-benzyl during Reproductive Growth and the Impact on Subsequent Progeny

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ryan Miller ◽  
Jason K. Norsworthy
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Reproductive Growth ◽  
Similar Reduction ◽  
Structural Class ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
The Impact

AbstractTo address recent concerns related to auxin herbicide drift onto soybean, a study was developed to understand the susceptibility of the reproductive stage of soybean to a new auxin herbicide compared with dicamba. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl is under development as the second herbicide in a new structural class of synthetic auxins, the arylpicolinates. Field studies were conducted to (1) evaluate and compare reproductive soybean injury and yield following applications of florpyrauxifen-benzyl or dicamba across various concentrations and reproductive growth stages and (2) determine whether low-rate applications of florpyrauxifen-benzyl or dicamba to soybean in reproductive stages would have similar effect on the progeny of the affected plants. Soybean were treated with 0, 1/20, or 1/160, of the 1X rate of florpyrauxifen-benzyl (30 g ai ha−1) or dicamba (560 g ae ha−1) at R1, R2, R3, R4, or R5 growth stage. Soybean plant height and yield was reduced from 1/20X dicamba across all reproductive stages. High drift rates (1/20X) of florpyrauxifen-benzyl also reduced soybean plant height >25% and yield across R1 to R4 stages. Germination, stand, plant height, and yield of the offspring of soybean plants treated with dicamba and florpyrauxifen-benzyl were significantly affected. Dicamba applied at a rate of 1/20X at R4 and R5 resulted in 20% and 35% yield reduction for the offspring, respectively. A similar reduction occurred from florpyrauxifen-benzyl applied at R4 and R5 at the 1/20X rate, resulting in 15% to 24% yield reduction for the offspring, respectively. Based on these findings, it is suggested that growers use caution when applying these herbicides in the vicinity of reproductive soybean.

scholarly journals Action of growth regulators on production of soybean cultivar Davis

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo R.C. Castro ◽  
Roberto S. Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Trimethylammonium Chloride ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Exogenous Growth ◽  
Soybean Plants

This research deals with the effects of exogenous growth regulators on production of soybean plant (Glycine max cv.. Davis) under greenhouse conditions, At the flower anthesis, 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) 20 ppm was applied. Other two applications with TiBA, with intervals of four days, were realized. Before flowering, Agrostemin (1 g/10 ml/3 1), gibberellic acid (GA) 100 ppm, and (2-chloroethyl) trimethylammonium chloride (CCC) 2,000 ppm were applied. It was observed that CCC and TIBA reduced stem dry weight. Soybean plants treated with TIBA reduced weight of pods without seeds , seed number and seed weight.

scholarly journals Efficacy of different fungicides and biopesticides for the management of lentil wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
KAMLESH RAM ◽  
RAMESH SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Mycelia Growth ◽  
Wilt Incidence

In Vitro and In Vivo studies on the efficacy of fungicides and biopesticides. Among the fungicides, in Carbedazim to the most effective as they have inhibited the mycelia growth completely of the test fungus, and Benomyl, Topsin - M, Ridomil,Vitavax were found the next best in inhibiting the mycelial growth of the pathogen up to 92.11% to 83.46% respectively. Sadabahar was least effective plant extracts which causes 42 mm of radial growth and inhibited the growth of the only 19.23%. In Vivo condition the maximum seed germination (95.50% and 95.33%), minimum wilt incidence (5.16% and 3.65%) and highest grain yield (10.50 q/ha and 10.35 q/ha) was found seed treatment with Carbendazim (0.2%). Among the test plant extracts Tulsi was lested effective, which show the minimum seed germination (80.00% and 77.50%), maximum wilt incidence (15.70% and 14.10%), and lowest grain yield (3.92 q/ha and 4.17 q/ha).

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