scholarly journals AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE ON PREVENTING SEXUAL ABUSE AGAINST CHILDREN

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ((S1)) ◽  
pp. 153-176
Author(s):  
Nasimah Hussin ◽  
Hanifah Haydar Ali Tajuddin
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Criminal Victimization ◽  
Sexual Crimes ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
Unique Approach ◽  
The Will ◽  
Secondary Materials

Sexual abuse against children in Malaysia has been consistently on the rise.  The Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development, Malaysia has stated that a total of 1,721 cases of sexual crimes against children were recorded in the first half of 2020. Most offenders in such cases were family members, guardians and those close to the children. This is an alarming number. Islam treats sexual abuse against children as a serious offence that must be strictly curbed. In Islam, any sexual activity out of wedlock is condemned and considered as a punishable act. It is even worse when the act is committed against the will of victim or it is committed against those who are physically and mentally weak as well as those whose consent is not yet valid such as children.  This article discusses measures to prevent sexual abuse against children which are derived from the Shari`ah principles. It adopts a doctrinal study of existing primary and secondary materials relating to theories of victimization and methods to prevent criminal victimization against children from the Islamic perspectives. Hence, Shari’ah texts and juristic views on the relevant issues are essential to be analysed. The finding of this article confirms that Islam has a unique approach to deal with this issue and to even prevent the crime before it is committed. Islam suggests proactive steps that could be observed by individuals, guardians, the community as well as authorities concerned to ensure that the children are protected and do not become gullible victims.

scholarly journals Sexual Health in Spanish People with Intellectual Disability: the Impact of the Lockdown due to COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dolores Gil-Llario ◽  
Irene Díaz-Rodríguez ◽  
Vicente Morell-Mengual ◽  
Beatriz Gil-Juliá ◽  
Rafael Ballester-Arnal
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
The People ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Technological Improvements ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction The lockdown due to COVID-19 affected the sexual health of the people with intellectual disabilities by differentially modifying the frequency and characteristics of people’s sexual activity depending on whether or not they lived with a partner during this period. The aim of this study was to analyze the extent to which the sexual behavior of people with intellectual disabilities (with and without a partner) was affected during the lockdown. Methods The sample consisted of 73 people with intellectual disabilities between 21 and 63 years old (M = 39.63; SD = 10.11). The variables analyzed were the physical, social, and technological environment during the lockdown, sexual appetite, sexual behavior, online sexual activity, and sexual abuse. The data were collected between the months of May and June of 2020. Results The lockdown increased the sexual appetite of a third of the sample (38%), especially the youngest participants. Sexual activity focused on autoeroticism and online behavior, particularly sending nude images of oneself (88%) and viewing pornography (83.6%). Rates of sexual abuse during this period were relatively high (6.8%). Conclusions The sexual activity of people with ID was important during the lockdown, and they had to adapt to the circumstances of isolation in a similar way to the general population. Technological improvements in terms of devices and connection quality at home allowed their sexual behavior to be reoriented, opening the door to new risks for the sexual health of people with ID. Policy Implications Cybersex and the increase in sexual abuse due to confinement are aspects that should be included in programs to improve the sexual health of this group.

scholarly journals MODEL KEPEMIMPINAN MAJELIS ULAMA INDONESIA (MUI): SEBUAH TAWARAN UNTUK MASA DEPAN KEPEMIMPINAN TRANFORMATIF DI INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Surahman Amin
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
The Will

One of the important elements in community development is the ulama. The Ulama are duty bearers of the Prophets who rely on the implementation of their self-serving duties to Allah SWT. and the implementation of the duties of the Caliphate on earth in accordance with the will and guidance of Allah SWT. which was sent down to the Prophets and Apostles. The prophets and messengers were sent in turn to guide people to find their identity as religious creatures, which ended with the sending of the last Prophet and Rasul, Muhammad. After our Master Muhammad (s). passed away to Rahmatullah, then the apostolic mission that he carries until the end of time and for all mankind, is the responsibility of the scholars as heirs of the Prophets to continue this heavy but noble task until the end of time.

scholarly journals STRATEGI DALAM MELAKUKAN TERMINASI PADA KEKERASAN SEKSUAL ANAK DI LRSAMPK DARUSSA’ADAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Rika Dewi Auliani Usman ◽  
Nurul Husna
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Sexual Crimes

Abstract. Sexual crimes occur not only in urban areas but also in villages. This crime has a big impact especially the majority of victims are children. LRSAMPK Darussa’adah is an institution whose role is to provide services for victims. The purpose of this study was to determine the types of cases of child sexual violence, the strategies carried out by the assistants in terminating and barriers, challenges and support in terminating. This is a field research with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques are observation, interviews and documentation, then the research results are analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the types of child sexual abuse cases handled by LRSAMPK Darussa’adah were rape, sexual harassment, sexual exploitation, neglect of the baby, sexual abuse and abduction for sexual purposes. The accompanying strategy in terminating child sexual abuse cases is to convince the victims’ families and communities by involving referrals, “geuchik”, social workers and related agencies. The challenges of Darussa’adah social workers are when client stakeholders are difficult to ask for information about victims and there are some people who refuse and some accept victims. The support received by Darussa’adah social workers is when the referrals are willing to work together to find ways to facilitate the termination of victims, and also families and there are still people who are willing to accept among the majority of people who refuse victims returning,  Abstrak. Kejahatan seksual marak terjadi tidak hanya di perkotaan tetapi meluas ke perkampungan. Kejahatan ini berdampak besar khususnya sebagian besar korbannya adalah anak-anak. LRSAMPK Darussa’adah merupakan lembaga yang berperan memberi pelayanan bagi korban. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui jenis kasus kekerasan seksual anak, strategi yang dilakukan oleh pendamping dalam melakukan terminasi dan hambatan, tantangan maupun dukungan dalam melakukan terminasi. Ini adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, selanjutnya hasil penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis kasus kekerasan seksual anak yang ditangani LRSAMPK Darussa’adah adalah perkosaan, pelecehan seksual, eksploitasi seksual, penelantaran bayi, pencabulan perdagangan dan penculikan untuk tujuan seksual.  Strategi pendamping dalam melakukan terminasi pada kasus kekerasan seksual anak adalah dengan meyakinkan keluarga korban maupun masyarakat dengan melibatkan perujuk, geuchik, pekerja sosial dan dinas terkait. Hambatan dan tantangan pekerja sosial Darussa’adah adalah ketika stakeholder klien sulit dimintai keterangan mengenai korban dan ada sebagian masyarakat yang menolak dan sebagian menerima korban. Adapun dukungan yang diterima pekerja sosial Darussa’adah adalah ketika perujuk bersedia kerjasama mencari cara agar mempermudah terminasi korban, dan juga keluarga serta masih ada masyarakat yang mau menerima di tengah-tengah sebagian besar masyarakat yang menolak korban kembali.  

Child Sexual Abuse

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Geetha
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Statutory Rape ◽  
Global Prevalence ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Predicting Factors ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Older Adolescents

Sexual abuse also referred to as molestation. The term is also covering any behaviour by on adult or older adolescents towards a referred to as child sexual abuse or statutory rape. In the global, India is the largest number of children 375 million, covering forty percentage of its population, out of which sixty-nine percentage of Indian girls are victims of physical, emotional and sexual abuse. Apart from that 70% of cases are unreported or unshared even with family members Global Prevalence of Sexual Abuse. Child Sexual Abuse rate among the girls are consistently higher than in boys. Prevalence rates of Child sexual abuse range from 8% to 31% for females and 3% to 17% for males. Prevalence rates may be attributed to different operational definitions of Child Sexual Abuse, as well as differences in occurrence of Child Sexual Abuse among varied populations across geographical regions. Prevalence rates also affected gender predicting factors.

One click is all it takes: technology-assisted child sexual abuse

2021 ◽  
Vol 605 (10) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Joanna Płonka
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Support Services ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Minor Importance ◽  
Sexual Crimes ◽  
Nature Of Technology ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Online Abuse ◽  
Different Types

In times of easily accessible technology and the Internet, the number of technology-assisted child sexual abuse (TA-CSA) is increasing. Anonymity, the multitude of victims that can be reached at the same time, as well as the variety of online abuse forms are in some way conducive to the perpetrators of sexual crimes in undertaking the act. Nevertheless, specialists in the field indicate that the phenomenon itself, as well as its consequences are not fully investigated. The aim of this article is to introduce the reader to the issues of TA-CSA by: 1) to present what the phenomenon of child sexual abuse is and what notions it entails, 2) to identify different types and forms of online sexual abuse (cyber grooming, sexting, sextortion and web-cam sexting), and 3) to take a close look at several selected research studies in the field, examining the consequences of technology-assisted sexual abuse on children. From previous reports of researchers investigating the causes and effects of child sexual abuse, including technology-assisted abuse, it can be concluded that the consequences of online abuse are very similar to those of offline sexual abuse, and even include additional factors that victims must face. Further research on this topic should therefore be looked at in order to better understand the nature of technology-assisted sexual abuse and not succumb to the illusion of this type of experience minor importance over the experience of offline sexual violence. Understanding the relevance and consequences of this phenomenon will allow for effective interventions in support services and educational activities.

Retractors of false memories: The evolution of pseudo-memories

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold I. Lief ◽  
Janet Fetkewicz
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
False Memory ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Telephone Interview ◽  
Family Members ◽  
False Memories ◽  
False Memory Syndrome ◽  
Reality Testing ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Study Population

The formation of pseudomemories and the subsequent methods used by subjects to eventually distinguish between true and false memories are the primary foci of this study. A survey instrument was distributed to 100 “retractors” after an initial telephone interview with False Memory Syndrome Foundation (FMSF) staff. Forty respondents (40% of the subjects) who returned the questionnaire comprise our study population. The survey inquired about personal and family information, events surrounding the subject's accusations of sexual abuse, childhood history, and the subject's reflections on his or her experience. The process of the development of pseudomemories is highlighted. Subjects also described their feelings and experiences in open-ended questions, including their subjective experience as memories evolved, factors influencing thoughts, feelings and doubts, the process of questioning memories, the process of restoring relationships with family members, and uncertainties about views of memories currently held. We focus on the evolution of pseudomemories, especially the influence of the therapist; we explore the nature of therapy, one that makes an ill patient much worse and that eventually becomes so onerous that patients who still have some remaining reality-testing flee from therapy.

scholarly journals Believe #metoo: sexual violence and interpersonal disclosure experiences among women attending a sexual assault service in Australia: a mixed-methods study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e026773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Rees ◽  
Lisa Simpson ◽  
Clare A McCormack ◽  
Batool Moussa ◽  
Sue Amanatidis
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress

ObjectivesSexual abuse is a strong predictor of future psychiatric problems. A more nuanced qualitative understanding of mental health outcomes, in the context of interpersonal responses from family members towards survivors after sexual abuse, may help to better inform prevention and interventions.DesignA mixed-methods approach included a qualitative timeline method to map and identify contextual factors and mediating emotional responses associated with mental disorder following sexual abuse.SettingParticipants were adult survivors of sexual abuse, seeking support from the Sexual Assault Counselling Service, Sydney Local Health District, Australia.ParticipantsThirty women 18 years and older with current or past mental disorder or symptoms were interviewed between August 2015 and May 2016.Outcome measuresA qualitative timeline interview and the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI, 5.5.0) were applied.ResultsThe MINI prevalence of current post-traumatic stress disorder was 96.6% (n=28) and of major depressive disorder was 82.8% (n=24). More than half (53%) reported suicidal ideation at some time in their lives. Women exposed to childhood sexual abuse reported being ignored, not believed, or threatened with retribution on disclosing the abuse to others, usually adult family members, at or close to the time of the violation(s). Participants described experiences of self-blame, betrayal, and psychosocial vulnerability as being the responses that connected negative disclosure experiences with mental disorder. Participant accounts suggest that these reactions created the foundations for both immediate and long-term adverse psychological outcomes.ConclusionA more in-depth understanding of the type and emotional impact of negative responses to disclosure by parents and other family members, and the barriers to adequate support, validation and trust, may inform strategies to avert much of the longer-term emotional difficulties and risks that survivors encounter following childhood abuse experiences. These issues should receive closer attention in research, policy, and practice.

Young children: the visibility paradox

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-112
Author(s):  
Corinne May-Chahal ◽  
Emma Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Image Databases ◽  
The Past ◽  
Traditional Sense ◽  
The Subject

This chapter reviews what is known about child sexual abuse media, with a particular focus on the abuse of young children (those under the age of 10). Young children are seldom the subject of research on sexual violence, yet the online-facilitated sexual abuse of these children is known to exist. In the past, child sexual abuse has been described as a hidden phenomenon that is made visible through a child's disclosure or evidence in and on their bodies. Online child sexual victimisation (OCSV) experienced by young children is still hidden in this traditional sense but at the same time highly visible through images that are both detached from the child yet traumatically attached through their creation and continued circulation throughout childhood. Indeed, most of what can be known about OCSV and younger children is through analyses of images harvested online and analyses of law enforcement and non-governmental organisation (NGO) image databases. These sources suggest that OCSV involving young children is different from that experienced by those who are older. It more often involves parents, carers, and family members; it is legally and developmentally impossible for children to consent to it; and images and videos of the abuse are more likely to be trafficked.

scholarly journals Elderly Sexual Abuse: An Examination of the Criminal Event

Sexual Abuse ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 706-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Chopin ◽  
Eric Beauregard
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Sex Crimes ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Sexual Crimes ◽  
National Police ◽  
Practical Implications

The current study investigates the modus operandi specificities for the sexual abuse against the elderly. A comparison between sex crimes against adult and elderly victims is conducted following the criminal event approach. The comparison is based on the precrime, crime, and postcrime phases of the modus operandi, operationalized through 53 variables. The sample comes from a French national police database including a total of 1,829 cases—including 130 cases of elderly sexual abuse and 1,699 cases of sexual abuse against victims aged between 18 and 45 years. Bivariate and multivariate analyses are performed to examine the differences in the two groups. Several differences are observed between the two modus operandi. Findings indicate that the precrime phase is the most important to explain these differences, and this phase of the criminal event affects the rest of the decisions taken during the crime and postcrime phases. Specifically, we have highlighted that sexual crimes against the elderly are more violent and occur more often in the victim’s residence. This study suggests that offenders targeting the elderly use specific crime characteristics, and this allows to highlight practical implications in terms of investigation and offender management.

History of childhood sexual or physical abuse in Japanese patients with eating disorders: relationship with dissociation and impulsive behaviours

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 935-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. NAGATA ◽  
N. KIRIIKE ◽  
T. IKETANI ◽  
Y. KAWARADA ◽  
H. TANAKA
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Physical Punishment ◽  
Sexual Crimes ◽  
Self Mutilation

Background. Empirical data regarding prevalence of sexual and physical abuse histories in Japanese patients with eating disorders is lacking, in contrast to Western countries. This study investigated the prevalence of traumatic events in Japanese patients with eating disorders, and examined the relationship between such traumatic events and clinical features.Methods. Subjects consisted of 33 patients with anorexia nervosa restricting type (RAN), 40 patients with anorexia nervosa binge eating/purging type (AN–BP), 63 patients with bulimia nervosa purging type (BN) and 99 healthy controls. All were female and diagnoses were based on DSM-IV. The Physical and Sexual Abuse Questionnaire (PSA), Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) and Dissociation Experience Scale (DES) were administered to all of the subjects.Results. Paradoxically, victims of minor sexual abuse committed by Chikan (a Japanese word indicating a person who commits minor sexual crimes) were more prevalent among controls than among patients with RAN, AN–BP or BN. However, physical punishment histories tended to be more prevalent among patients with AN–BP or BN than among RAN or controls. Only AN–BP and BN patients with physical punishment histories had twofold higher scores for DES and significantly more frequent histories of self-mutilation (67% v. 33%) compared with patients without such histories.Conclusion. An abuse history is not essential or a prerequisite to developing an eating disorder in Japan.

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