Risk Factors for Sexual Dysfunction among Postpartum  Women in Kuantan, Pahang

INTRODUCTION: Sexual dysfunction after childbirth is reported to be prevalent worldwide. The risk factors for sexual dysfunction is still underexplored. Thus, this study aims to determine the possible risk factors associated with sexual dysfunction among post-partum women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in nine primary care clinics in Kuantan involving 420 women within six months postpartum. The respondents were conveniently sampled and completed the data collection forms comprising of their socio[1]demographic data, the Malay version Female Sexual Function Index (MVFSFI) Questionnaire to measure the sexual dysfunction score. Descriptive analysis, Chi-square test, and binary logistic regression were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Among the women sampled, those with higher education had a 72% increased risk of developing postpartum sexual dysfunction (aOR=1.72, 95%CI=1.01,2.81). Women who practised non-hormonal contraception were a 42% lower risk of getting postpartum sexual dysfunction as compared to those who consumed hormonal contraception (OR=0.58, 95%CI=0.35,0.95). CONCLUSION: Education level is associated with a higher risk of developing postpartum sexual dysfunction. Non-hormonal contraceptive methods were found as a protective factor for developing postpartum sexual dysfunction. Therefore, doctors can advise those postpartum women with sexual dysfunction and on hormonal contraception to change to non-hormonal methods.

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Prevalence of Types, Frequency and Risk Factors for Complications after Exodontia

Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry ◽

10.36283/pjmd10-1/008 ◽

2021 ◽

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Oral Surgery ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Dental Trauma ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Outpatient Department ◽

Impacted Tooth ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Mandibular Third Molars

Background: Exodontia is one of the most frequently carried out procedures by a dental surgeon, mostly on an outpatient department basis. The reasons for performing exodontia include non-restorable teeth, periodontal disease, dental trauma, impacted tooth, orthodontic treatment and toothache. Complications in dental extraction are a commonly encountered problem in dental clinics. This knowledge can help dental surgeons make extractions less invasive, traumatic and complicated, enabling quicker recovery of the socket. The aim of this study was to recognize types, frequency and risk factors for complications after exodontia. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled patients who had exodontia done from July- September 2019, visiting OPD of the Oral surgery department of Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi. Risk factors included demographic data, general health, past medical and dental history. Spearman’s correlation test was used to establish any relationship of variables with complications. Results: The study patients (126) included 72 females (mean age 39.1±13.39) and 54 males (mean age 41.1±14.93). The overall complications rate was found to be 7.1%, mainly arising from maxillary and mandibular third molars. The most common complications encountered were Hemorrhage, Pain, and Trismus. Increasing age and specific teeth extracted were associated with an increased risk for complications. However, post-operative complications which were encountered most of them were minor and handled on an outpatient department basis. Conclusion: Frequency and risk factors for complications after exodontia were found low3 (37.5%). While age and teeth extracted cannot be directly altered, these factors maybe indirectly modified, resulting in a potential decrease of postoperative complications.

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Preseason Strength Assessment of the Rotator Muscles and Shoulder Injury in Handball Players

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-216-16 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 174-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Bénédicte Forthomme ◽

Jean-Louis Croisier ◽

François Delvaux ◽

Jean-François Kaux ◽

Jean-Michel Crielaard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

High Speed ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Traumatic Injury ◽

Shoulder Injury ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Strength Assessment ◽

Team Handball ◽

Increased Risk

Context: Few researchers have identified intrinsic risk factors for shoulder injury in team handball players by analyzing measurements of maximal isokinetic rotator muscle strength. Objective: To identify possible intrinsic risk factors for shoulder injury by analyzing measurements of maximal isokinetic rotator muscle strength. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Male team handball senior divisions (the highest level) in France and Belgium. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 108 male high-level handball players (age = 24 ± 4 years, height = 189 ± 6 cm, mass = 87 ± 11 kg) were enrolled. Main Outcome Measure(s): All players completed a preseason questionnaire and performed a bilateral isokinetic assessment of the shoulder rotator muscles. On a monthly questionnaire, players reported any shoulder injury that they sustained during the season. Results: On the preseason questionnaire, 51 of 108 (47%) participants reported a history of dominant-shoulder injury. A total of 106 participants completed the in-season questionnaire, with 22% (n = 23) reporting a shoulder injury on their dominant side during the subsequent season. Fourteen percent (n = 15) sustained microtraumatic injuries, and 8% (n = 8) described a traumatic injury. Backcourt players had a 3.5-times increased risk of injury during the new season compared with players in other positions. Among the isokinetic results, no risk factor for further injury was identified in handball players with microtraumatic injuries. For traumatic injuries, the concentric maximal strength developed by the internal rotators at high speed (240°/s) in the dominant shoulder was a protective factor against the risk of further injury. Conclusions: These results can potentially identify intrinsic risk factors for shoulder injury and may be used to determine potential interventions for reducing this risk in handball players.

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Risk Factors of Sexual Dysfunction in Patients with Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Cross-Sectional Study

Dermatology ◽

10.1159/000501905 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 236 (1) ◽

pp. 37-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Carlos Cuenca-Barrales ◽

Alejandro Molina-Leyva

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Sexual Dysfunction ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Stable Relationship

Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) has a high impact on quality of life. However, sexual health has scarcely been investigated. Objective: To describe the frequency of sexual dysfunction (SD) in women and erectile dysfunction (ED) in men with HS and to explore potential risk factors. Patients and Methods:We conducted a cross-sectional study using a crowd-sourced online questionnaire spread by the Spanish hidradenitis suppurativa patients’ association (ASENDHI). Results: In total, 393 participants answered the questionnaire. SD was found in 51% (95% CI 45–57%) of women and ED in 60% (95% CI 49–70%) of men. Factors related to SD were education status, patient’s global assessment for disease activity, numeric rating scale for pain and unpleasant odour and the absence of a stable relationship. Factors related to ED were increasing age, the presence of active lesions in the genital area and the number of areas affected by active lesions. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of SD and ED in HS patients. Being in a stable relationship has been a protective factor of SD in women. The results suggest that sexual impairment in HS patients is due, at least in part, to disease activity, symptoms and active lesions.

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The forearm fractures in patients with diabetes and without diabetes in population sample aged over 50 years (Novosibirsk)

Problems of Endocrinology ◽

10.14341/probl9799 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 65 (2) ◽

pp. 78-87

Author(s):

Elena S. Mazurenko ◽

Sofiya K. Malyutina ◽

Liliya V. Shcherbakova ◽

Svetlana V. Mustafina ◽

Tatiana M. Nikitenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Total Cholesterol Level ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Forearm Fracture ◽

Population Sample ◽

Osteoporotic Fractures ◽

Forearm Fractures ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk

BACKGROUND: The attention to the forearm fractures, as to osteoporotic fractures, is important for ensuring early detection of individuals at increased risk of future fractures and taking preventive measures. AIMS: To determine the frequency of a history of forearm fractures in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and without diabetes, and their association with risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 20152017, in Novosibirsk, a random urban population sample of males and females, 5884 years old (n=3878), was surveyed. The study included persons who signed the informed consent to conduct the study, excluded individuals who wrote a waiver of taking blood to determine biochemical parameters. In total, the analysis included n=3393 people, 718 of them with DM2 (21.2%). Work design is cross-sectional research. The collection of information on fractures during for the last 3 years, the registration of socio-demographic data; and risk factors for NCD, a study of biochemical blood parameters. The analysis of the association of DM2 and a complex of risk factors for NCD with a chance of a forearm fracture. RESULTS: The prevalence of forearm fractures in the last 3 years did not differ in patients with DM2 compared with those examined without diabetes and was 2.4% and 2.8%, respectively (p=0.557). Men with fractures had higher cholesterol and HDL values, women had lower body mass index (BMI), compared with people without fractures. According to the results of a multivariate analysis in women, the chance of a forearm fracture is directly associated with smoking in the past, a total cholesterol level of more than 200 mg/dl and inversely associated with a BMI. In men, associations were found of the chance of a forearm fracture with an increase in the level of cholesterol. There was no evidence of DM2 with forearm fracture. CONCLUSION: The obtained data on the incidence of fractures and their association with risk factors for chronic low risk infections suggest the need for preventive measures for osteoporotic fractures, both in people with and without DM2.

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Risk factors for community transmission of SARS-CoV-2. A cross-sectional study in 116,678 people.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-179906/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Eyrun F Kjetland ◽

Karl Trygve Kalleberg ◽

Camilla Lund Søraas ◽

Bato Hammarstrøm ◽

Tor Åge Myklebust ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Positive Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lower Odds ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Lower Odds Ratio

Abstract Background The risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 transmission are not well characterised. We sought to identify potential risk factors for transmission and actionable information that can be used to prevent SARS-CoV-2. Methods Individuals tested for SARS-CoV-2 at four accredited laboratories were invited. In addition, participants were recruited through a media campaign. Self-reported SARS-CoV-2 test results were compared with laboratory results, demographic data and behavioural facts were collected using a digital platform. In a cross-sectional design positive cases were compared with negative and untested control groups. Findings Approximately 14 days after a countrywide lockdown in Norway, 116,678 participants were included. Median age was 46 years, 44% had children in preschool or in school; 18% were practicing health professionals. International flights, contact with infected individuals, and gatherings of more than 50 people, were associated with increased risk of testing positive. Health professionals who treated COVID-19 patients were at higher risk of testing positive than those who did not. Having undergone light infections, the last six months was strongly associated with lower odds ratio of SARS-CoV-2 positivity. Contact with children, use of hand sanitiser and use of protective gloves in private were also associated with lower odds ratio of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. Interpretation Further research is needed to explore if being a parent or looking after children is associated with lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 positivity in the next phases of the pandemic. Immunological research should be done to determine the effects of prior trivial infections on SARS-CoV-2 infection. We confirm that large gatherings during the pandemic should be avoided and those who are infected, or under suspicion thereof, posed very high risks to others in this population. Registration: Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NTC 04320732, March 25, 2020.

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Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Saudi Arabia: A Community-Based Study

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra ◽

10.1159/000487231 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 98-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Muath Alkhunizan ◽

Abdullah Alkhenizan ◽

Loay Basudan

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Demographic Data ◽

High Rate ◽

Research Centre ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk

Introduction: The age of the population in Saudi Arabia is shifting toward elderly, which can lead to an increased risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment (MCI and dementia) among elderly patients in a community-based setting in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included patients aged 60 years and above who were seen in the Family Medicine Clinics affiliated with King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre. Patients with delirium, active depression, and patients with a history of severe head trauma in the past 3 months were excluded. Patients were interviewed during their regular visit by a trained physician to collect demographic data and to administer the validated Arabic version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test. Results: One hundred seventy-one Saudi patients were recruited based on a calculated sample size for the aim of this study. The mean age of included sample was 67 ± 6 years. The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 45%. The prevalence of MCI was 38.6% and the prevalence of dementia was 6.4%. Age, low level of education, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease were risk factors for cognitive impairment. Conclusion: Prevalence of MCI and dementia in Saudi Arabia using MoCA were in the upper range compared to developed and developing countries. The high rate of risk factors for cognitive impairment in Saudi Arabia is contributing to this finding.

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Risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection in dairy cattle, state of Rio de Janeiro

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-736x2011000400003 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 287-290 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

G.R. Albuquerque ◽

A.D. Munhoz ◽

M. Teixeira ◽

W. Flausino ◽

S.M. Medeiros ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Blood Collection ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common parasitic zoonoses throughout the world. Infection in man and animals varies in different geographical areas influenced by many environmental conditions. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in cattle in Brazil ranges from 1.03 to 71%. A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 58 out of 453 farms in the South Fluminense Paraiba Valley, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Over 3-year-old cattle (n=589) from dairy herds were selected for blood collection and detection of anti-T. gondii antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence reaction (IFA) with initial titration of 1:16; titers > 64 were considered positive. Univariate analysis of risk factors showed that cats in contact with cattle, cats in contact with drinking water, and number of cats were associated with T. gondii seroprevalence. Logistic regression revealed a two-fold increased risk for infection of cattle (p=0.0138) through larger number of cats (>3) compared with low numbers of cats (1-2) on the farm. In contrast, the presence of chickens was considered a protective factor (p=0.025).

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Prevalence and Risk Factors ofToxoplasma gondiiin Fattening Pigs Farm from Yucatan, Mexico

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2013/231497 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

A. Ortega-Pacheco ◽

K. Y. Acosta Viana ◽

E. Guzmán-Marín ◽

J. C. Segura-Correa ◽

M. Álvarez-Fleites ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Herd Size ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

Fattening Pigs

The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and identify risk factors associated with the presence ofToxoplasma gondiiin pig-fattening farms from Yucatan, Mexico. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a two-stage sampling. There were 429 pigs sampled from 39 farms randomly selected. Blood samples were collected to obtain DNA and serum. The presence of IgM and IgG antibodies was determined by indirect ELISA. Prevalence was estimated by diagnostic test. Potential risk factors to be included in a marginal logistic regression were tested by chi-square or Fisher. The prevalence of IgM and IgG was 92.5% (397/429) (CI 89.9–95.1%) and 95.8% (411/429) (CI 93.7–97.8%), respectively. Regarding PCR, a prevalence of 50.8% (218/429) (CI 45.9–55.6%) was found. The logistic regression showed an association with herd size and type of feeder (). The risk of a case in farms with ≤400 pigs was 27.9 times higher than in farms with >400 pigs. The manual feeder was a significant protective factor associated with the seropositive againstT. gondii. Results indicate a high circulation ofT. gondiiin pig-fattening farms from Yucatan, finding an increased risk of infection for those farms with less than 400 animals and automatic feeders.

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The characteristics and risk factors of human papillomavirus infection: an outpatient population-based study in Changsha, Hunan

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-94635-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bingsi Gao ◽

Yu-Ligh Liou ◽

Yang Yu ◽

Lingxiao Zou ◽

Waixing Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hpv Dna ◽

Test Kit

AbstractThis cross-sectional study investigated the characteristics of cervical HPV infection in Changsha area and explored the influence of Candida vaginitis on this infection. From 11 August 2017 to 11 September 2018, 12,628 outpatient participants ranged from 19 to 84 years old were enrolled and analyzed. HPV DNA was amplified and tested by HPV GenoArray Test Kit. The vaginal ecology was detected by microscopic and biochemistry examinations. The diagnosis of Candida vaginitis was based on microscopic examination (spores, and/or hypha) and biochemical testing (galactosidase) for vaginal discharge by experts. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS 9.4. Continuous and categorical variables were analyzed by t-tests and by Chi-square tests, respectively. HPV infection risk factors were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Of the total number of participants, 1753 were infected with HPV (13.88%). Females aged ≥ 40 to < 50 years constituted the largest population of HPV-infected females (31.26%). The top 5 HPV subtypes affecting this population of 1753 infected females were the following: HPV-52 (28.01%), HPV-58 (14.83%), CP8304 (11.47%), HPV-53 (10.84%), and HPV-39 (9.64%). Age (OR 1.01; 95% CI 1–1.01; P < 0.05) and alcohol consumption (OR 1.30; 95% CI 1.09–1.56; P < 0.01) were found to be risk factors for HPV infection. However, the presence of Candida in the vaginal flora was found to be a protective factor against HPV infection (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.48–0.8; P < 0.001). Comparing with our previous study of 2016, we conclude that the subtype distribution of HPV infection is relatively constant in Changsha. Our data suggest a negative correlation between vaginal Candida and HPV, however, more radical HPV management is required in this area for perimenopausal women and those who regularly consume alcohol.

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Behavioural risk factors in university students in Bucaramanga, Colombia

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1183 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

R Martinez-Rueda ◽

M A Camacho ◽

I J Díaz

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Behavioural Risk Factors

Abstract Background The changes generated in the studentś lifestyle due to the academic demands, may favour the prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases as well as compromise other domains of their life. The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence of behavioural risk factors in students of the Professional in Physical Activity and Sports program of a University in Bucaramanga, Colombia. Methods A cross-sectional study with a sample of 189 students was conducted. The students were surveyed with the first step of the STEPs questionnaire, which evaluates the behavioural risk factors for non-communicable diseases. A descriptive data analysis was performed, and Pearson tests were applied to determine the correlation between the analysed variables with a level of significance α = 0.05 using STATA 13.0. Results 80% of the participants were men. The age average was 22.7 ± 3.85 years. Regarding tobacco use, 10.1% of the participants were current smokers, while 30% smoked before. The majority of the participants (92.2%) have consumed alcohol within the past 12 months, while 69.8% consumed alcohol within the last month, with 8.7% of hazardous drinking. Concerning the diet, only 24.9% met the recommended consumption of fruits and vegetables per day. When assessing physical activity levels, only 6.3% were classified as physically inactive. Additionally, an average of 6 hours of sedentary behaviour was found, with 31.2% of excessive sedentary time. A weak correlation was found between age and academic cycle with the amount of physical activity at work (r = 0.24), (r = 0.18) and with sedentary time (r = -0.28), (-0, 32). Conclusions Although the prevalence of tobacco consumption was slightly higher than the national average, the students showed a lower prevalence of behavioural risk factors than the general population. However, it is necessary to promote strategies aimed at the control and prevention of these risk factors. Key messages Being a student of a program focused on physical activity and sport, can behave as a protective factor against the most prevalent risk factors in university life. It is necessary to implement more strategies centred on making students aware of the importance of the maintenance and improvement of their lifestyles in accordance with their professional profile.

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