scholarly journals Experimental study of the influence of family structure on the development of creativity of children of preschool age

HUMANITARIUM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-72
Author(s):  
Iryna Zozulia ◽  
Yaroslava Vasylkevych
Keyword(s):  
Family Structure ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Arithmetic Mean ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Family ◽  
Large Families ◽  
General Indicator

The article presents theoretical substantiation and empirical research of the problem of the influence of the family structure on the development of creativity of children of preschool age. The relationship between creativity and family type, number of children in the family, birth order, and intervals between births is analyzed. Peculiarities of influence of family structure (by the number of children) for the development of creativity of children of preschool age are researched. The absence of significant differences in partial (productivity, flexibility, originality) and a general indicator of verbal creativity of children with one child, small and large families has been experimentally established. Research of figurative creativity allowed to identify significant differences in partial indicators of productivity and originality, and the general indicator of figurative creativity: the highest arithmetic mean values are determined in the group of children from small families, and the lowest - in the group of children from large families. In children brought up in single children families, the highest arithmetic mean value is revealed by the partial indicator of the name, and the lowest - in children from large families. In children of preschool age from single, small, and large families no significant differences by partial indicators of the development and resistance to the closure were found. The heterogeneity of verbal and figurative creativity structure is determined in children of preschool age in all types of families. Significant differences were found in the general indicators of creativity: the highest arithmetic mean value was determined in the group of children from small families, and the lowest - in children from large families. Conclusions are made that children from small families are the most creative, and children from large families - the least.

Parental Use of "Positive Contact" in Child-Rearing: Its Relationship to Child Behavior Patterns and Other Variables

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 768-773
Author(s):  
Robert W. Chamberlin
Keyword(s):  
Child Behavior ◽  
Physical Punishment ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Child Care Workers ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Family ◽  
Large Families ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Positive Contact

In an investigation of child-rearing styles maternal use of "positive contact" was measured by asking the mother how often she played with the child, praised the child, and the like, and combining the responses into a score. Home observations on a sample of families revealed that mothers scoring above the mean used fewer communications in the form of directives and "unmodified power" and more communication in the form of praise and social conversation than mothers scoring below the mean. The mother's use of positive contact was related to her educational level, the birth order of the child and number of children in the family, the father's use of positive contact, and to a friendly outgoing pattern of child behavior. There was no relation to the mother's use of physical punishment, her protectiveness, her tendency to comply with the child's demands, or her child-rearing ideology and other attitudes. Child care workers are in a strategic position to educate parents about the importance of this kind of contact, especially with later-born children in large families.

scholarly journals Survey of indoor radon (Rn-222) entry and concentrations in different types of building in Kalisz, Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 326 (2) ◽  
pp. 1299-1306
Author(s):  
H. Bem ◽  
S. Janiak ◽  
B. Przybył
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Arithmetic Mean ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Average Effective Dose ◽  
Calculated Average

Abstract Indoor radon (222Rn) was surveyed in a total of 141 individual houses and apartments used precalibrated passive PicoRad Detectors. The radon activity in the soil gas around the dwellings was simultaneously measured. The arithmetic mean values of indoor radon concentrations for detached houses, old buildings (up to four-stories), prefabricated blocks of flats (mostly five stories) and high-rise residential buildings (10-stories) were:, 70.9; 46.5; 38.4, and 56.6 Bq m−3, respectively. The average arithmetic mean value for all measured rooms equals 51.8 Bq m−3. The calculated average effective dose from indoor radon for the local population was equal to 2.2 mSv.

Family structure and decision making styles among Iranian couples

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Lotfizadeh ◽  
Kambiz Heidarzadeh Hanzaee
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Product Category ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Family ◽  
Decision Making Styles

Purpose – This paper aims to determine whether family structure influences decision-making styles (DMSs) of Iranian couples. Design/methodology/approach – A self-administered mall survey was conducted to discover the family structures and DMSs of Iranian couples. Data were randomly collected from a sample of 800 spouses in four big cities of Iran. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and multivariate analysis of variance were used to examine proposed hypotheses. Findings – The EFA and CFA results show seven DMSs for Iranian couples. Also, the findings indicate family structure has a significant effect on DMS. In the other words, the results show a difference between DMSs of egalitarian and husband-dominated spouses. Research limitations/implications – One of the limitations of the study deals with product involvement, because consumer DMSs for each product category may vary. Also, children’s influences are not considered in this study, while gender/number of children may be particularly influential in family structure. Therefore, conclusions made from these findings may be limited to spouses with similar demographic characteristics. Originality/value – The present research identifies seven DMSs for Iranian couples. It also examines whether family structure is an effective factor for DMS of spouses.

Family structure and educational achievement

1971 ◽  
Vol 3 (S3) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Oldman ◽  
Bill Bytheway ◽  
Gordon Horobin
Keyword(s):  
Family Structure ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Ordinal Position ◽  
Family Composition ◽  
Sex Composition ◽  
Occupational Success ◽  
The Family ◽  
Large Families ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Do So

This paper attempts a new look at an old problem. Throughout this century there have been many reports showing that certain characteristics of family structure are associated with the individual's performance in evaluative situations, be these IQ tests, tests of achievement, school and university examinations and even occupational success (for an excellent summary, see Anastasi, 1956). It is well known, for example, that children from large families tend not to do so well in such situations as children from small families, and that this phenomenon appears to be, in some degree, independent of socio-economic differences. This we can illustrate with our own data (Text-fig. 1) in which we see a steady decline in score on a nonverbal group test of intelligence as the size of the family increases. Less clear is whether other features of family composition, such as the spacing between siblings, the sex composition of the sibship and the ordinal position of the individual within the sibship, also affect achievement. (There is no lack of reports but, as we shall show, the evidence they provide is conflicting.)

scholarly journals Psychoemotional features of preschool children with speech pathology and their connection with the emotional characteristics of mothers

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (119) ◽  
pp. 120-132
Author(s):  
Olga A. Koval ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Speech Pathology ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Third ◽  
Emotional Interaction ◽  
The Family ◽  
Speech Development Disorders

The article deals with the problem of studying the psychoemotional characteristics of preschool children in their connection with the features of interaction in the «mother-child» dyad. The relevance of the work is determined by the increasing number of children with speech pathology. A number of works by Russian and foreign authors are devoted to the study of the psychological characteristics of preschool children with speech development disorders. The novelty of the presented research is to consider this issue through the prism of the family, in particular, mother-child emotional interactions. This study reflects the importance of developing the emotional competence of mothers raising preschool children, namely: teaching mothers to understand their own emotions, control expression, the ability to perceive the child's condition, understand its causes and influence it; and it justifies the high importance and necessity of including mothers in the rehabilitation process when working with preschoolers with speech pathologies. The study involved 120 pairs of «child with speech pathology – mother», divided into three groups according to age. The first included children of young preschool age (3-4 years old, 35 couples), the second – middle preschool age (4-5 years old, 54 couples), the third – senior preschool age (5-6 years old, 31 couples). Similarly, three normotypic groups were formed according to age ranges, the first of which included 32 child-mother pairs, the second – 36 child-mother pairs, the third – 35 child-mother pairs, a total of 103 dyads with normotypic speech developmentThe study found that the mothers of preschoolers with speech pathology differ in the level of development of emotional intelligence components, the characteristics of emotional interaction with the child from mothers raising regulatory developing children. Links have been determined between the level of development of the emotional intelligence of the mother, the features of maternal-child emotional interaction and the psychoemotional features of preschoolers who have speech pathology.

ROLE OF FAMILY TYPE IN THE IDEALIZATION OF A LARGER NUMBER OF CHILDREN BY HUSBANDS IN PAKISTAN

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
BILAL IQBAL AVAN ◽  
SAIMA AKHUND
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Population Control ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Ideal Number

This study focuses on determining the number of children considered ideal by Pakistani husbands and identifying the factors associated with this, with a special emphasis on family type. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among married males residing in four areas of Khairpur district. An equal number of study participants were selected systematically from each field site to achieve the required sample size of 500. Interviews were conducted by trained fieldworkers using a structured questionnaire to obtain information on background socioeconomic characteristics, family structure and reproductive health knowledge and practices, in particular family planning. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the hypothesis that family type has an independent association with husbands’ idealization of a larger number of children. The mean ideal number of children perceived by husbands was four. Living in an extended family (AOR=1·81; 95%CI: 1·11, 3·35) and being illiterate (AOR=2·13, 95%CI; 1·33, 3·42) are significantly associated with idealization of a larger number of children by the husband, while adjusting for socioeconomic status, family structure and family planning information. Understanding the dynamics of family type and its effects on husbands’ opinions regarding ideal number of children can help strengthen population control efforts in Pakistan.

scholarly journals Family as a significant source of social capital: Structural restrictions and discussionsSosyal sermayenin önemli bir kaynağı olarak aile: Yapısal sınırlamalar ve tartışmalar

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 881
Author(s):  
Maide Gök
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Bridging Social Capital ◽  
Capital Cases ◽  
The Family

In Turkey, it is seen that social capital is tried to be defined as an economic term and to be discussed the most depend on economic issues. This situation is thought to lead to the neglect of the family which plays an active role in the formation of social capital cases, makes difficult to detect individual and social problems that arise due to depending on lack of family’s social capital. On the other hand, in the literature studies conducted by Parcel, and Menagh, Naples, Kaplan, Astone, Nathanson, and Schoen, Dyke, and Wilson, Morrow, İsrael, Beaulieu, and Glen, Pinkerton, and Dolan, Sorenson, Kenneth, Goodpaster, and Hedberg, Ravanera, and Rajulthan it is demonstrated that family life has contribute to formation of the basic elements of social capital such as network and adoption of trust and recprocity. In current study, moving from above mentioned studies ‘findings it is sought that how observed qualifications and change in family structure affect production of social capital. In the study, it is observed that the types of families that differ in social capital formation and has been shown to have both positive and negative aspects of social capital formation of the same family type. The observed changes in the family structure do not ever negatively affect social capital production and domestic bonding social capital and bridging social capital in the family have many important benefits for individual and social life. In this study, it is aimed to provide conceptual, theoretical and methodological framework to future practical studies in Turkey. Besides it is thought that current study will show how lack of social capital causes problems and emerging debates about family’s role on social capital generation start to weaken, and whether social capital is an individual or collective value. Özet Türkiye’de sosyal sermayenin iktisadi bir kavram gibi tanımlanmaya çalışıldığı ve en çok iktisadi konulara bağlı olarak ele alındığı görülmektedir. Sosyal sermayenin oluşumunda etkin bir rol oynadığı düşünülen ailenin ihmal edilmesine neden olan bu durum, ailenin sosyal sermaye yoksunluğuna bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan bireysel ve toplumsal sorunların tespitini zorlaştırmaktadır. Diğer taraftan, literatürde Parcel ve Menaghan, Naples, Kaplan, Astone, Nathanson ve Schoen, Dyk ve Wilson, Morrow, Pinkerton ve Dolan, Sorenson, Kenneth, Goodpaster ve Hedberg, İsrael, Beaulieu ve Glen, Ravanera ve Rajulthan tarafından yapılan çalışmalarda aile yaşamının sosyal sermayenin temel unsurları olan ağların oluşmasına ve güven ve karşılılık gibi normların benimsetilmesine katkıda bulunduğu ortaya konmaktadır. Söz konusu çalışmaların bulgularından hareketle bu çalışmada aile yapısında gözlemlenen niteliklerin ve değişimlerin ailenin sosyal sermaye üretimini nasıl etkilediği sorusuna cevap aranmıştır. Çalışmada, aile türlerinin sosyal sermaye oluşumlarının farklılık arz ettiği ve aynı aile türünün sosyal sermaye oluşumu için hem pozitif hem negatif yönlere sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Aile yapılarında gözlemlenen değişimler ise sosyal sermaye üretimini her zaman olumsuz etkilememekte ve aile içi bağ kuran ve aile dışı köprü kuran sosyal sermayenin bireysel ve toplumsal yaşam için çok önemli getirileri bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın Türkiye’de yapılacak uygulamalı çalışmalara kavramsal, kuramsal ve metodolojik bir çerçeve sunması hedeflenmekle birlikte, sosyal sermaye yoksunluğunun yol açtığı sorunların görünür kılınmasına, ailenin sosyal sermaye üretimindeki yerinin zayıflamaya başladığı ile ilgili ortaya çıkan tartışmalara ve sosyal sermayenin bireysel mi yoksa kolektif bir değer mi? olduğu sorusuna katkı sağlaması düşünülmektedir.

Niepełna rodzina jako zaburzenie prawidłowego funkcjonowania struktur rodzinnych

2018 ◽  
pp. 126-142
Author(s):  
Michał Kuzdak
Keyword(s):  
Family Structure ◽  
Family Ties ◽  
The Family ◽  
Modern Family

The author discusses the topic of families, especially incomplete. The work is about the disorganization of the family structure, showing its causes and history. The article describes the dangers of modern family and relations on the parentchild line. The author refers to economic emigration as one of the reasons for the loosening of family ties and the cause of incomplete families.

МЕКТЕП ЖАШЫНА ЧЕЙИНКИ БАЛДАРДЫН ДЕН СООЛУГУН ЧЫҢДООДО ОЮН ТЕХНОЛОГИЯСЫН КОЛДОНУУ

2020 ◽  
pp. 158-160
Author(s):  
Салтанат Кошалиева
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
School Students ◽  
Number Of Children

Аннотация: Бул макалада мектеп жашына чейинки балдардын ден соолугун чыңдоодо оюн технологиясын пайдалануунун өзгөчөлүктөрү талкууланат. Метепке чейинки курак баланын дене-бой жана психикалык ден соолугунун пайдубалын түптөөнүн чечүүчү этабы болуп саналат. Бул мезгилде органдардын ургаалдуу өнүгүшү жана организмдин функциялык системасынын калыптанышы жүрүүдө. Акыркы жылдары мектепке чейинки балдардын ден соолугунун начарлаганы туруктуу тенденцияга айланып, оорулуу балдардын саны көбөйүүдө. Мектеп жашына чейинки балдардын психикалык жана сүйлөө жөндөмдөрүн оюн аркылуу жакшыртып, жаңы механизмдерин иштеп чыгуу жагы каралган. Бала бакчанын негизги милдети - баланы өз алдынча жашоого даярдоо, жакшы адаттарга багыттоо менен тарбиялоо иши макалада каралган. Түйүндүү сөздөр: Ден соолук, бала бакчада, дене тарбия, элдик оюндар, тарбиялоо, ден соолукту чыңдоо, иш пландар, жаш муундар, коюлган талаптар, педагогикалык шарттар. Аннотация: В данной статье рассматриваются особенности использования игровых технологий в оздоровлении дошкольников. Дошкольный возраст является решающим этапом в формировании фундамента физического и психического здоровья ребенка. В этот период идет интенсивное развитие органов и становление функциональных систем организма. Наметившаяся в последние годы устойчивая тенденция ухудшения здоровья дошкольников, увеличение количества детей с нарушениями психического и речевого развития, диктует необходимость поиска механизмов, позволяющая изменить эту ситуацию. Основная задача детского сада - подготовить ребенка к самостоятельной жизни, дав ему для этого необходимые умения, навыки, воспитав определенные привычки. Сегодня в дошкольных учреждениях уделяется большое внимание здоровье сберегающим технологиям, которые направлены на решение самой главной задачидошкольного образования – сохранить, поддержать и обогатить здоровье детей. Ключевые слова: Здоровье, детский сад, физическое воспитание, народные подвижные игры, физические упражнения, общеобразовательная школа, учащиеся, воспитание, оздоровление, подрастающее поколение, предъявляемые требования, педагогические условия, теория и практика физического воспитания, подвижные игры. Abstract: This article discusses the features of the use of game technologies in the rehabilitation of preschoolers. Preschool age is a crucial stage in the formation of the Foundation of physical and mental health of the child. During this period there is an intensive development of organs and the formation of functional systems of the body. The steady tendency of deterioration of health of preschool children outlined in recent years, increase in number of children with violations of mental and speech development, dictates need of search of the mechanisms allowing to change this situation. The main task of the kindergarten is to prepare the child for independent life, giving him the necessary skills, bringing up certain habits. Today, preschool institutions pay great attention to health-saving technologies, which are aimed at solving the most important task of preschool education – to preserve, support and enrich the health of children. Key words: Health, kindergarten, physical education, folk outdoor games, physical exercises, secondary school, students, education, rehabilitation, the younger generation, the requirements, pedagogical conditions, theory and practice of physical education, out-door games.

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