scholarly journals Cost effective meter of moisture integral parameters of the atmospheric column

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
N. V. Ruzhentsev ◽  
S. S. Zhyla ◽  
V. V. Pavlikov ◽  
V. V. Kosharsky ◽  
G. S. Cherepnin
Keyword(s):  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Atmospheric Moisture ◽  
Atmospheric Column ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Element Base

Continuous remote monitoring of the atmospheric physical parameters is an urgent task for solving the issues related to meteorology, climatology, artificial influence on clouds, studying the physical parameters of cloud cover etc. In the developed countries such issues are solved using science-driven technologies of millimeter wave range radiometry. They allow, in particular, quick restoration of the values of total content and effective temperature of droplet and vaporous moisture in the atmospheric column, and distinguishing the areas with crystalline, droplet or vaporous water phases. This work aims at substantiating, by calculation and experiment, the possibility of large-scale solving the problems of continuous remote monitoring of the studied atmospheric moisture parameters using the method of centimetre wavelength range radiometry. To determine the best pair of frequencies for restoring the atmospheric moisture parameters based on radiometric data of remote sensing the linear absorption coefficients were calculated for clear atmosphere, for cloudy atmosphere depending on the temperature of drops and for rainfalls of various intensities for 4, 12, 20, 40 and 94 GHz frequencies. In order to calculate these data, we used a well-known MPM model (Atmospheric Millimeter-Wave Propagation Model). At the same time, calculation of the altitude profiles of the atmospheric meteorological parameters was carried out based on the ERA-15 model. Comparison of the data obtained by calculation, taking into account the progress of the technical parameters of the serial element base, indicated a possibility of solving the above problems in the centimetre wavelength as well. The research presents a description of the diagram and technical solutions, as well as the appearance of a two-frequency radiometric system with 1.5 cm and 2.5 cm ranges created at the National Aerospace University (KhAI) on the basis of an easily accessible modern element base and full-scale tests' results. The budget-friendly focus of the described product allows for radiophysical measurement with a sensitivity of radiometers exceeding 0.01 K while ensuring the cost of small-scale production of the radio technical part of the system, comparable to the cost of TV converters commonly used in everyday life.

Joystick Steering in Recreational Boats Using L1 Adaptive Control

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Bayless ◽  
Phillip A. Voglewede
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Control ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Velocity Control ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
L1 Adaptive Control ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Control Methodology ◽  
Joystick Control

Abstract This paper addresses the challenge of commissioning recreational boats with joystick control systems when the boat's physical parameters are not known. The work was conducted through matlab simulations and scale-model physical testing. The outcome is a working nonlinear, closed-loop control methodology shown on a small-scale prototype boat. The control methodology, L1 adaptive control (L1AC), provides adaptive velocity and angular velocity control. The control system delivers performance levels that could reduce the cost of commissioning boats with joystick control, improve overall performance, and potentially enable the technology to support new boat markets.

Research of 3D Printing Modes of Feedstock for Metal Injection Molding

2020 ◽  
Vol 992 ◽  
pp. 461-466
Author(s):  
A.Yu. Korotchenko ◽  
D.E. Khilkov ◽  
M.V. Tverskoy ◽  
A.A. Khilkova
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Injection Molding ◽  
Metal Injection Molding ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Print Quality ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Cost

In this work, to reduce the cost of production of parts using injection molding metal technology (MIM technology), it is proposed to use additive technologies (AT) for the manufacture of green parts. The use of AT allows us to abandon expensive molds and expand the field of use of the MIM of technology in single and small-scale production. For manufacture of green parts, the technology of manufacturing fused filament (Fused Filament Fabrication – FFF) is offered. The original composition of the metal powder mix (feedstock) and the filament manufacturing modes for 3D printing have been developed for the FFF technology. The cost of filament is much lower than its analogs. The factors affecting the print quality of green part are considered. All factors are divided into two groups depending on the possibility of their change during printing. The research of the influence of the coefficient filament supply on the geometry of green parts during 3D printing is presented.

Investigating the Impact of ERPs on Job Shop Manufacturing Logistics Performance

2019 ◽  
pp. 286-306
Author(s):  
Jean C. Essila
Keyword(s):  
Enterprise Resource Planning ◽  
Job Shop ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Supply Chain Logistics ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
The Cost

Job shop manufacturing processes have been reluctant to adopt enterprise resource planning systems (ERPs) for enhancing logistics performance. The cost of adopting and deploying ERPs is a high-entry barrier. Prior research has claimed that performance can be enhanced by improving logistics planning using technology such as ERPs. Most past research has examined the effect of ERPs on logistics performance in production processes other than job shops, which seems to suggest that in small-scale production processes the cost of ERPs makes it irrelevant. Are manufacturing job shop production processes the exception that proves the rule? Using both a t-test two sample for means and a Kolmogorov-Simonov (KS) test, this study tested whether or not ERPs can improve supply chain logistics performance in job shop manufacturing processes. The results might lead to a positive social change in the adoption or non-adoption of ERPs in job shop manufacturing.

scholarly journals Methods and Principles of Product Design for Small-Scale Production Based on 3D Printing

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 789-798
Author(s):  
Jure Salobir ◽  
Jože Duhovnik ◽  
Jože Tavčar
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Design Time ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Assembly Operations ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractTechnology of 3D printing is opening the possibility for small-scale production in quantities between ten and several hundred pieces. The technology of adding material enables the production of complex and integrated functional concepts in a single-pass process, which consequently potentially reduces the need for assembly operations. Design approaches and manufacturing processing are not mastered well because of a constant stream of new materials and manufacturing options. Well-designed products need to consider attributes of 3D printing as early as the conceptual phase. The cost of the product can be reduced with a systematic research and considering principles for small-scale production. In a cheaper, alternative production process the quality range of products is often lower. It has to be compensated with appropriate construction solutions which are less tolerance-sensitive. Therefore, in order to support the designer, to reduce the costs and design time of the product, a computer program was created to provide the user with an insight into the appropriate 3D printing technology. For simplifying the use, the program is also integrated into the product development process.

scholarly journals Small Scale Rollout of PV Systems in Chikwawa District, Malawi: Remote Monitoring System Effectiveness

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Million Mafuta ◽  
Peter Dauenhauer ◽  
Timothy Chadza
Keyword(s):  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Remote Monitoring System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
One Year ◽  
Cost Implications ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Electricity Access

Off-grid solar photovoltaic systems in Malawi are deployed increasingly as the primary option for rural public infrastructure such as primary schools and health centres. Overall, grid-connected electricity access has remained stagnant at around 9% with only 1% of rural population connected. To improve the technical sustainability of such systems, a novel remote monitoring technology utilising Wireless Sensor Networks was installed and the systems were monitored over roughly one year. This paper has described the technical design, performance, and benefits received from deployment of the technology. Furthermore, it has evaluated the cost implications for a larger scale rollout and potential benefits.

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION OF CA DONG PEOPLE IN RESETTLEMENT AREA OF TRANH RIVER HYDROPOWER NUMBER 2: CURRENT SITUATION AND IMPACT FACTORS

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bùi Thị Bích Lan
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Technical Application ◽  
Production Models ◽  
Role Of The State

In Vietnam, the construction of hydropower projects has contributed significantly in the cause of industrialization and modernization of the country. The place where hydropower projects are built is mostly inhabited by ethnic minorities - communities that rely primarily on land, a very important source of livelihood security. In the context of the lack of common productive land in resettlement areas, the orientation for agricultural production is to promote indigenous knowledge combined with increasing scientific and technical application; shifting from small-scale production practices to large-scale commodity production. However, the research results of this article show that many obstacles in the transition process are being posed such as limitations on natural resources, traditional production thinking or the suitability and effectiveness of scientific - technical application models. When agricultural production does not ensure food security, a number of implications for people’s lives are increasingly evident, such as poverty, preserving cultural identity, social relations and resource protection. Since then, it has set the role of the State in researching and building appropriate agricultural production models to exploit local strengths and ensure sustainability.

Study of Diabetic Mellitus and Knowledge of Lotion Foot Care on the Community

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hariyadi DM ◽  
Athiyah U ◽  
Hendradi E ◽  
Rosita N ◽  
Erawati T ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
T Test ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Diabetic Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of

The prevention of Diabetic Mellitus (DM) and its complications is the main aim of this study, in addition to the training of lotion foot care application and the development of small scale industry. The research team delivered knowledge in the form of training on Diabetic Mellitus, healthy food, treatment and prevention of complications, and small-scale production of cosmetic products. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between training on diabetic and lotion foot care application as preventive measures against diabetic complications on the patient's blood glucose levels in the community of residents in Banyuurip Jaya, Surabaya. It was expected from this training that the knowledge of the residents increases and people living with diabetic undergo lifestyle changes and therefore blood sugar levels can be controlled. The parameters measured in this research were blood glucose levels, the anti diabetic drug types consumed, and compliance on diabetics. This study used the data taken from 60 patients with DM over a period of one month. Questionnaires and log books was used to retrieve data and changes in blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. The results showed the demographic data of patients with type 2 diabetic of 85% female and 15% male, with the range of patients aged of 61-70 years of 46.67% and had history of diabetic (90%). The history of drugs consumed by respondents was anti diabetic drugs such as metformin (40%), glimepiride (33.37%) and insulin (6.67%). In addition, the increased knowledge of DM patients after being given the training compared to before training was shown in several questions in the questionnaire. A statistical analysis using t-test analyzed a correlation between training provided in order to enhance understanding of the patient, as well as correlation with blood glucose levels. A paired T-test showed that there was a relationship between the knowledge of trainees before and after training (p less than 0.05). An interesting result was that there was no relationship between blood glucose levels before and after training provided (p> 0.05).

scholarly journals Analysis of Operational Efficiencies and Costs for Extracting Thinned Woods in Small-Scale Forestry, Nasunogahara Area, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Aruga
Keyword(s):  
Transportation Costs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Light Truck ◽  
Operation Costs ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Light Trucks ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Manual Extraction ◽  
Truck Transportation

In this study, two operational methodologies to extract thinned woods were investigated in the Nasunogahara area, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Methodology one included manual extraction and light truck transportation. Methodology two included mini-forwarder forwarding and four-ton truck transportation. Furthermore, a newly introduced chipper was investigated. As a result, costs of manual extractions within 10 m and 20 m were JPY942/m3 and JPY1040/m3, respectively. On the other hand, the forwarding cost of the mini-forwarder was JPY499/m3, which was significantly lower than the cost of manual extractions. Transportation costs with light trucks and four-ton trucks were JPY7224/m3 and JPY1298/m3, respectively, with 28 km transportation distances. Chipping operation costs were JPY1036/m3 and JPY1160/m3 with three and two persons, respectively. Finally, the total costs of methodologies one and two from extraction within 20 m to chipping were estimated as JPY9300/m3 and JPY2833/m3, respectively, with 28 km transportation distances and three-person chipping operations (EUR1 = JPY126, as of 12 August 2020).

scholarly journals Comparison of LPWAN Technologies: Cost Structure and Scalability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Istiak Hossain ◽  
Jan I. Markendahl
Keyword(s):  
Communication Technology ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Cost Structure ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Generic Framework ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
The Cost

AbstractSmall-scale commercial rollouts of Cellular-IoT (C-IoT) networks have started globally since last year. However, among the plethora of low power wide area network (LPWAN) technologies, the cost-effectiveness of C-IoT is not certain for IoT service providers, small and greenfield operators. Today, there is no known public framework for the feasibility analysis of IoT communication technologies. Hence, this paper first presents a generic framework to assess the cost structure of cellular and non-cellular LPWAN technologies. Then, we applied the framework in eight deployment scenarios to analyze the prospect of LPWAN technologies like Sigfox, LoRaWAN, NB-IoT, LTE-M, and EC-GSM. We consider the inter-technology interference impact on LoRaWAN and Sigfox scalability. Our results validate that a large rollout with a single technology is not cost-efficient. Also, our analysis suggests the rollout possibility of an IoT communication Technology may not be linear to cost-efficiency.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Economic Viability of Agricultural Pellets to Supplement the Current Global Wood Pellets Supply for Bioenergy Production

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2263
Author(s):  
Mahmood Ebadian ◽  
Shahab Sokhansanj ◽  
David Lee ◽  
Alyssa Klein ◽  
Lawrence Townley-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Global Marketplace ◽  
Biomass Logistics ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
The Cost

In this study, an inter-continental agricultural pellet supply chain is modeled, and the production cost and price of agricultural pellets are estimated and compared against the recent cost and price of wood pellets in the global marketplace. The inter-continental supply chain is verified and validated using an integration of an interactive mapping application and a simulation platform. The integrated model is applied to a case study in which agricultural pellets are produced in six locations in Canada and shipped and discharged at the three major ports in Western Europe. The cost of agricultural pellets in the six locations is estimated to be in the range of EUR 92–95/tonne (CAD 138–142/tonne), which is comparable with the recent cost of wood pellets produced in small-scale pellet plants (EUR 99–109/tonne). The average agricultural pellet price shipped from the six plants to the three ports in Western Europe is estimated to be in a range of EUR 183–204 (CAD 274–305/tonne), 29–42% more expensive that the average recent price of wood pellets (EUR 143/tonne) at the same ports. There are several potential areas in the agricultural pellet supply chains that can reduce the pellet production and distribution costs in the mid and long terms, making them affordable supplement to the existing wood pellet markets. Potential economic activities generated by the production of pellets in farm communities can be significant. The generated annual revenue in the biomass logistics system in all six locations is estimated to be about CAD 21.80 million. In addition, the logistics equipment fleet needs 176 local operators with a potential annual income of CAD 2.18 million.

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