scholarly journals ADAPTATION OF YOUNG PEOPLE ON THE LABOR MARKET: DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

Author(s):  
Juliia Pidvalna ◽  
Olha Pavelkiv

The article considers the process of adaptation of young people in the labour market. It has been determined that the main adaptation barriers for young people in the modern Ukrainian labour market are: low competitiveness; lack of the majority of young people with the necessary knowledge and skills for self-determination in the labour market, career development, negotiating with employers on employment issues; inconsistency of the professional qualification structure of youth with the needs of the economy and the available vacancies; lack of a mechanism to ensure the relationship between the labour market and the market of educational services; backwardness of personnel policy of most organizations, focused mainly on achieving current results, rather than on long-term development. It is analyzed that the successful adaptation ends, as a rule, with stable employment, adoption of laws of the labour market functioning. Violations of young people's adaptation in the labour market can have serious consequences, the main of which are chronic unemployment of large groups of young people, negative impact on socio-psychological development of young people, frustration at work as a means of personal self-realization.

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-338
Author(s):  
Eric Carlin

This paper draws on desk-based and empirical research which examined experiences of young people in Pilton, a disadvantaged neighbourhood in Edinburgh, as they entered the labour market. At odds with contemporary discourses that suggest the existence of a ‘culture of worklessness’, finding and maintaining employment was regarded by almost all the young people in this study as an important marker of adult identity and self-efficacy. Indeed, young people expressed stoical views about their determination to find stable, long-term work. Nonetheless, structural inequalities presented significant barriers to achieving and maintaining long-term, stable employment, with support services being regarded by young people and professionals alike as inadequate. However, young people tended to believe that they were personally responsible for lack of success in the labour market context and this can harm their well-being at a crucial period of transition. This research challenges discourses that characterise and pathologise disadvantaged young people as ‘work shy’ and indicates that, instead, many young people are required to have extraordinary resilience as they persevere to try to gain and maintain stable paid employment. The concept of ‘social exclusion’ is rejected in describing these young people's contexts; they are not ‘outside’ society and in fact they have rich and varied social experiences. However, they are severely disadvantaged by structural inequalities within the labour market.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Amin

Bullying is deliberate aggressive action, using an imbalance of strength physically or mentally by hurting physical, verbal, or emotional / psychological forms repeatedly. In the last decade, cases of bullying in Indonesia continue to increase and if not handled properly will increasingly have a negative impact on the development of the children of the nation's next generation. Bullying does not only affect children who are bullied but can also affect children who bully, children who witness bullying. Some of the effects of bullying include anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. The purpose of community engagement is to socialize the impact of bullying and how to increase self-esteem to adolescents. Through psychoeducation programs in adolescents such as schools and teenagers religious communities in the Cikarang - Bekasi region, young people gain an in-depth understanding of bullying, its effects and how to increase their confidence. Through this psychoeducation, teenagers understand the understanding, types and effects of bullying both short term and long term so they promise to resist bullying starting from themselves. Teenagers learn that humans are social beings who need each other. They learn about the meaning of diversity and bhineka tunggal ika and try to implement it in their next lives by respecting the differences in their environment. These teenagers learn to respect themselves more, see the positive things that God has given them. They try to always believe in themselves that they are perfect and valuable beings in God's eyes so that even though the environment around them may not appreciate, they can still see positive things in themselvesABSTRAK:Bullying adalah tindakan agresif yang disengaja, menggunakan ketidakseimbangan kekuatan secara fisik atau mental dengan cara menyakiti bentuk fisik, verbal, atau emosional/ psikologis secara berulang – ulang. Dalam satu decade terakhir, kasus bullying di Indonesia terus meningkat dan bila tidak ditangani dengan baik akan semakin berdampak negative bagi perkembangan anak – anak generasi penerus bangsa. Tindakan bullying tidak hanya berdampak pada anak yang di-bully tetapi juga dapat berdampak pada anak yang mem-bully, anak yang menyaksikan bullying. Beberapa dampak bullying diantaranya kecemasan, depresi, serta rendahnya harga diri (self-esteem). Tujuan dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk mensosialisasikan dampak bullying serta cara meningkatkan self-esteem kepada para remaja. Melalui program psikoedukasi di lingkungan remaja seperti sekolah maupun komunitas keagamaan remaja wilayah Cikarang – Bekasi, para remaja mendapatkan pemahaman mendalam mengenai bullying, dampaknya serta bagaimana cara meningkatkan kepercayaan diri mereka. Melalui psikoedukasi ini, para remaja memahami pengertian, jenis serta dampak bullying baik jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang sehingga mereka berjanji untuk bersikap menolak bullying mulai dari diri mereka sendiri. Para remaja belajar bahwa manusia adalah mahluk social yang saling membutuhkan. Mereka belajar tentang makna keberagaman dan Bhineka Tunggal Ika serta berusaha mengimplementasikannya dalam kehidupan mereka selanjutnya dengan cara menghargai perbedaan yang ada di lingkungannya. Remaja ini belajar untuk lebih menghargai diri mereka, melihat hal positif yang telah diberikan Tuhan kepada mereka. Mereka mencoba untuk selalu menanamkan dalam diri bahwa mereka adalah mahluk yang sempurna dan berharga di mata Tuhan sehingga walaupun lingkungan di sekitar mereka mungkin tidak menghargai, mereka tetap dapat melihat hal positif dalam diri mereka.


2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Ylistö

The decision to search or not to search for work is usually considered a purely individual choice. However, this is a simplistic view, which ignores important structural and situational aspects of job search behaviour. This article discusses the reasons why long-term unemployed youth in Finland give up their search for work or a student place. The data comprise 28 life course interviews that were analysed by means of content analysis. The data show that young people’s job seeking behaviour is greatly influenced by how they view their labour market position and prospects. Job search abandonment is often temporary and young people soon resume their search because of the expectations of the society around them and their willingness to find work. The young people interviewed provided rational, emotional and life value reasons for their decision to suspend their job search. The article offers a deeper understanding of youths’ job search behaviour.


2021 ◽  

Since exporting higher education is a type of economic activity, let us consider international education services as a special type of export commodity. In this case, the object of an educational service will be knowledge and skills, as well as the means of their identification, which are subsequently realised in the labour market in the form of labour supply.


Author(s):  
Adél Csikai

In this study, my goal is to present the results of an on-line research conducted in the autumn of 2020 in Hungary focusing on the labour market situation and opportunities and difficulties of integration of 17-29 aged young people. The aim of research is to improve the labour market situation of young people in the COVID-19 pandemic. The research question is what impact does the pandemic have on the integration of young people into the labour market. It is assumed that the COVID-19 pandemic will have a negative impact on the target group. My work involves quantitative methodology as well as questionnaires filled out by young people on-line.


2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-153
Author(s):  
David Ledingham ◽  
Michael Plant ◽  
Fayez Mustafa ◽  
Bhimanagouda Patil

Cytotoxic agents such as cyclophosphamide are infrequently used in neurological practice. When they are, it is commonly in critically ill patients or in those with refractory inflammatory disorders. Cyclophosphamide in particular has a well-recognised negative impact on both female and male long-term fertility. This article summarises the data with regards the impact of cytotoxics on long-term fertility and describes the current options to preserve fertility in these patients. We hope this will provide neurologists with a useful aid for counselling patients for whom they are considering these treatments.


2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-69
Author(s):  
Laura Južnik Rotar

Youth unemployment is of paramount concern for the European Union. Young people are facing potentially slow and difficult transitions into stable jobs. What optimally supports young people on the labour market poses a challenging question for economic policy makers. Active labour market policies can be beneficial to young unemployed people. The aim of active labour market policy is to improve employability of the unemployed. The consequences of an overly generous welfare state can be a reduction in motivation to work. The effectiveness of employment programmes is therefore a crucial step in the process. This paper aims to estimate the treatment effect of subsidized employment programmes on young Dutch unemployed people using difference in differences propensity score matching. We test whether the effects of subsidized employment programmes for young Dutch unemployed people are positive and strong in both the short and long term on the probability of re-employment and on the probability of participation in the regular educational system in comparison with the outcome produced in the event that an individual would continue seeking employment as an unemployed person. The probability of re-employment in short-term circumstances is positive, but small. Whereas with long-term examples (two years after the programme start) the probability is negative. Alternatively, the probability of participation in regular educational systems is positive in the short-term as well as in the long-term, but evidently decreases in the long-term. Welfare reforms undertaken in the Netherlands are directed towards enhancing efficiency. The role of social partners in social security administrations is reduced and the reforms are intended to promote reintegration of people who are out of work. There is a general agreement that the Netherlands is going in the right direction by giving priority to work and study over benefits, as it has become evident that generous social benefits make employment policies inefficient.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Craig Carpenter

<p>This thesis examines the process by which young people stop, or 'desist' from, criminal offending in New Zealand. It does so by presenting insights on desistance gained from observations and interviews with young ex-offenders and those who work closely with them. In doing so, it avoids the exaggerated responses to youth crime expressed in political rhetoric and the popular media, and instead focuses on factors that are deemed most valuable in desistance by those most involved. This primary research is presented in the context of the existing literature that establishes desistance as a process influenced by the interaction of multiple variables including individual, social, and structural factors. Analysis of structural factors highlights the need for young people, especially those who experience economic marginalisation or racial discrimination, to be provided with opportunities to change. While the current New Zealand youth justice system generally does well to limit the negative impact of formal system contact for young people, it is noted that the focus on individual plans and strategies fails to adequately address social relations and structural conditions that are integral to desistance processes. The results of this study show that young desisters have mainstream aspirations for stable employment and relationships. Key factors of desistance identified in this study include the influence of 'growing up', family support and positive relationships. In other words, desistance from crime was the result of moving towards something positive in life. It is therefore argued that desistance is also more likely to be sustained with ongoing personal and social support. Rather than being passive victims of structural inequalities, or completely rational actors, this study found young desisters to be influenced by a combination of structural, social and individual factors. The ultimate recommendation is to enhance existing policy through wider strategies that address structural issues, such as poverty and unemployment, together with the development of social and cultural capital, so that desistance processes can be further encouraged in New Zealand's young offenders.</p>


2013 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
Rasa Rudžinskienė

Šiaulių universitetas, Vilniaus g. 88 Šiauliai,tel. (+370 611 66794)El. paštas: [email protected] analizuojami jaunimo nedarbo ir integracijos į darbo rinką teoriniai ypatumai. Įvardytos darbo rinkos, bedarbių, ilgalaikių jaunų bedarbių sąvokos. Išanalizuoti pagrindiniai veiksniai, turintys įtakos jaunimo integracijai į darbo rinką. Remiantis atliktais tyrimais išryškintas jaunų ilgalaikių bedarbių socialinis portretas, kurį pasitelkus identifikuoti pagrindiniai jauno ilgalaikio bedarbio bruožai. Pateikta jaunimo nuomonė apie Darbo biržos teikiamas paslaugas ir jų kokybę. Išanalizuotos jaunų ilgalaikių bedarbių neįsidarbinimo priežastys darbdavių ir jaunuolių požiūriu.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: darbo rinka, jauni ilgalaikiai bedarbiai, socialinis portretas.Peculiarities of Young Long-term Unemployed Integration in to the Labour MarketRasa RudžinskienėSummaryThe theatrical features of young people unemployment and integration into the labour market have been analysed. The concepts of labour market, unemployed, young long-term unemployed have been identified. The main factors of young people integration into the labour market have also been examined. The quantitative and qualitative research of young unemployed and employers is presented in the article in order to characterise the most important features of young long-term unemployed as well as to create their social portrait. The research has been accomplished in order to represent the youth opinion of labour exchange services and their quality. This research has also helped to reveal the reasons for youth (long-term) unemployment in the employers’ and young people’s opinion.Key words: labour marker, young long-term unemployed, social portrait.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2, special issue) ◽  
pp. 212-224
Author(s):  
Bashkim Bellaqa ◽  
Besim Gollopeni

The main aim of this study is to analyse the employment and unemployment rates in the Western Balkans, looking particularly at youth (aged 18–24 years) unemployment in Kosovo. The results of the study show that unemployment in this age group is high and that labour market policies are also not appropriate. The empirical study was conducted during the pandemic (2020), but statistics for study needs were used from the period 2001–2019. It involved young people aged 18–24 and used data from various local and international institutions regarding the labour market for young people, labour market policy, etc. The study shows that in Kosovo, 48.7% of young people aged 18–24 are unemployed and that the most pronounced unemployment is among women. A significant proportion of the young population is unemployed (46.4%) and youth unemployment among females is higher (53.6%) compared to males (42.9%) (Kosovo Agency of Statistics, 2020b). Kosovo’s problem with youth unemployment is the result of poor economic development as well as inefficient labour market policies. The study recommends that policymakers develop sustainable and effective policies that will lead to stability in youth employment and improve the labour market performance. These policies should help organizations and businesses to increase the number of employees, but should also create long-term employment stability. Furthermore, a critical appraisal is necessary to avoid youth unemployment, instability in youth employment and labour market instability as a whole


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