scholarly journals Analisis korelasi tingkat pendidikan dan status ekonomi terhadap kesejahteraan sosial dengan tingkat pendapatan sebagai contingency variable di kabupaten labuhanbatu

JURNAL PUNDI ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurintan Asyiah Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Low Level

Social Welfare is a common goal to be achieved. Therefore there is a need to increase the quality of education in the district of Labuhanbatu. Because with a low level of education will result in social welfare and low in support with low economic status and low income levels again. A high level of crime that occurred in the district of labuhanbatu caused by the low income level that effect cause social welfare disrupted. For long-term author want to achieve is able to formulate a policy that can improve tarap community living that has a low level of education so that the level of kriminilitas can minimalize. Special targets to be achieved in this research is the regional government can know exactly how the situation of social welfare that occurs in the rural areas. The method to achieve that goal is to provide skills training and motivation to be increased education kejenjang higher. This research uses the primary data obtained or collected directly from the source of the data through the spread of a list of questions (questionaire) and interview (interview). Keywords: The level of education, Economic status, Social Welfare, Income Level

scholarly journals Assessing the Perpetuity of Tribe Indebtedness: An Empirical Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-116
Author(s):  
Sanjeeta Kumari Devi ◽  
Swapnamoyee Palit
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Budget Deficit ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Ownership Of Land ◽  
Extent Of Absorption

Abstract ‘Indebtedness’ of the tribes increases their woe. They live in inaccessible terrain with inadequate infrastructure. Living on subsistence, majority of them depend on borrowings to finance their budget deficit. Being in debt tends to become perpetual with several drastic consequences like being subject to exploitation through bonded labour, losing of assets or transfer of ownership of land and other assets under several pre-text to non-tribal or private lenders, etc. This indebtedness itself has other adverse social impacts on the tribes like the low level of education, ill-health, employment status etc. which has a spiral relationship with indebtedness. This study seeks to identify the various facets of their indebtedness from close quarters, find the extent of absorption of institutional credit by these tribes and identify the gap in their likely absorption perpetuating their indebtedness. It is based on the analysis of primary data collected through structured schedules directly from the respondents. It has been analysed using relevant statistical and econometric tools. It finds the perpetual aspect of tribes' indebtedness due to various ingrained social, cultural and economic factors. It suggests ways to end this perpetuity and amalgamate them on the path of development.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KONSUMSI PANGAN TINGKAT RUMAH TANGGA DI PROPINSI LAMPUNG

Agro Ekonomi ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meliyanah Meliyanah ◽  
Suhatmini Hardyastuti ◽  
Djuwari Djuwari
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Income Level ◽  
High Income ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban

This research diamed to: 1) knowing the selft-price elasticity, cross-price elasticity and income elasticity of consumption per food item on household level according to location and income level; and 2) knowing the reation between level of income and food consumption on household level according to location and income level.This research used data from SUSENAS of Lmapung Province in 2002 with number of sample of 2091 household, which being differed between rural and urban areas based on low, middle, and high level of income. The data analysis used tobit model and sensored regression.The result showed that: 1) the demand of rice and beeh for household consumption in every level of income in rural and urban areas were inelastic; 2) Coen only been consumed by low income level household in rural areas and the demand was inelastic; 3) the demand of cassava for household consumption on low income level in urban area was elastic, While in middle income level, high income level and every level of income in rural area, cassava demand was inelastic. Cassava was considered as inferior goods; 4) The demand of fish for household consumption an every level of income in rural and urban areas was elastic. Household in rural area on every level of income and in urban areas on middle and high income level consider fish as a main necessity. While on low income level  household in urban areas, it was considered as classy/exclusive good; 5) the demand of chicken; for household in rural areas on middle and high income level was inelastic. When in rural low income level and urban middle and high income level, was inelastic chicken meat was considend as classy/exclusive good the rural low income level household; 6) egg demand for household consumption in rural areas on every level of income was inelastic, while in urban area it was elastic for every level income; 7) the rural and urban household on every level of income considered rice as the stpale food; 8) Household in rural and urban areas on middle and high level of income considered beef as main necessity; 9) On household with middle income level in rural areas, egg was considere as inferior good; while an low income level in urban areas, egg was considere as expensive good.

scholarly journals Strategi Pengembangan Kawasan Perdesaan: Studi di Kabupaten Pandeglang

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Agus Lukman Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Local Politics ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Purposive Sampling

AbstakImplementasi kebijakan tata ruang di Kabupaten Pandeglang mengalami berbagai kendala, diantaranya terjadi konflik antar aktor baik berupa aktor pemda pandeglang, masyarakat, tokoh, pihak swasta, pemerintah pusat dan aktor politik. Kondisi tersebut menuntut adanya strategi pengembangan perdesaan yang yang spesifik mengingat Kabupaten Pandeglang merupakan wilayah perdesaan dan memiliki potensi SDA yang besar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitin desktiptif dengan Pendekatan Kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer berupa angket dengan metode purposive sampling, berjumlah 18 pakar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pembangunan kawasan perdesaan di Kabupaten Pandeglang perlu memprioritas strategi dengan urutan sebagai berikut: perencanaan kawasan perdesaan yang partisipatif dan aspiratif; pembukaan isolasi wilayah melalui pembangunan infrastuktur antar perdesaan; peningkatan kualitas SDM; pemberdayaan masyarakat; kemitraan dan dukungan modal pemerintah, swasta untuk usaha masyarakat; revitalisasi kelembagaan masyarakat; pembangunan kawasan berbasis potensi unggulan yang adaptif ekologi dan sosial. Ketujuh strategi tersebut saling melengkapi sehingga perlu diprogramkan yang didukung oleh regulasi khususnya di tingkat kabupaten berdasarkan program tersebut disusun anggaran sesuai kebutuhan (Money follow programe). Selain itu, Implementasi strategi juga perlu dilakukan dengan partisipatif dengan melibatkan seluruh pemangku kepentingan. Pembagian antar sektor ini perlu memperhatikan dinamika politik lokal. Abstract The implementation of spatial policies in Pandeglang Regency experienced various obstacles, including conflicts between actors in the form of regional government officials, communities, leaders, the private sector, the central government and political actors. This condition requires a specific rural development strategy considering Pandeglang District is a rural area and has a large natural resource potential. This research is a descriptive study with a Quantitative Approach. The data used are primary data in the form of questionnaires with purposive sampling method, totaling 18 experts. The results of the study indicate that the development of rural areas in Pandeglang District needs to prioritize the strategy in the following order: participatory and aspirational rural area planning; opening of regional isolation through inter-rural infrastructure development; improving the quality of human resources; community empowerment; partnership and government capital support, private sector for community businesses; revitalizing community institutions; superior potential area development that is ecologically and socially adaptive. The seven strategies complement each other so that it needs to be programmed which is supported by regulations, especially at the district level based on the program, the budget is prepared as needed (Money follow program). In addition, the implementation of the strategy also needs to be done in a participatory manner involving all stakeholders. This division between sectors needs to pay attention to the dynamics of local politics.

scholarly journals Impact of Microcredit on Living Standard of Dairy Entrepreneurs: Special Focus on Oddusuddan DS Division in Mullaitivu District

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Saseela Balagobei ◽  
Sankeetha Aravinthakumar
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Micro Credit

Microcredit is part of micro finance, which provides a wider range of financial services for low income people. Micro credit serves as a vital role for Living standard of poor people in the developing countries as well as in Sri Lanka. In this Study Oddusuddan DS division in Mullaitivu district was selected as research area. After the 30 years conflict situation most people in the Oddusuddan area in Mullaitivu district are subordinate to the poverty line, because most of the displaced people who are female other than male staying here. Women lost their male relatives in struggle, and forced to take a responsibility of their family in order to look after their children, aged parents and their male relatives.  Micro credit helps the poor people particularly women in effective ways in order to create income generating activities.  The prime objective of this study is to investigate the impact of Microcredit on living standard of dairy entrepreneurs in Oddusuddan DS division in Mullaitivu District. In the rural areas of Mullaitivu, Oddusuddan Divisional Secretariat Divisions 100 dairy entrepreneurs were selected as the sample size of population. The selected entrepreneurs who have received loan from samurdhi bank for dairy farming activities in Oddusuddan DS Division. Primary data were used for gathering information and quantitative analysis was carried out to find out the results. In the quantitative analysis the correlation and regression methods were employed to examine the hypotheses by using SPSS. The result of this study concluded that there is a positive impact of samurdhi micro credit on living standard of dairy entrepreneurs in Oddusuddan DS Division. In addition to this, using micro credit facilities create more job opportunities and variety of economic activities and improve household education, income, saving and heath condition of the people. The study recommends that micro credit institution should consider improve the living standard of dairy entrepreneurs through increase the loan amount with lower interest rate.

scholarly journals Microcredit in Lebanon: First Data on Its Beneficiaries

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inaya Wahidi
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The Government ◽  
Loan Officers

In Lebanon, microfinance is not specially developed. Financial institutions that allocate microcredits are NGOs that are mildly supported by the government. The activity of these institutions affects only 11.5% of the population (IFC, 2008, cited by Mayoukou et al., 2013, p.4). These authors note the lack of empirical data related to microcredit granted by microfinance institutions in Lebanon, particularly regarding the characteristics of their beneficiaries. Our study emphasizes the characteristics of beneficiaries of microcredit allocated by MFIs (microfinance institutions) in Lebanon. As a result of data obtained from MFI heads, the results seem to show that NGOs MFIs give more credit to men than to women, and a low percentage of credit goes to startups. In addition, beneficiaries have a low level of education, poor or moderately poor, and are located in rural areas. Gender discrimination in the allocation of micro-credits was highlighted on the basis of the first data processed in this work. The results of the interviews with MFI’s administrative officials seem to show that the men loan officers may distinguish between male and female beneficiaries and prefer to grant microcredit to a man. Women beneficiaries may have less information about the credits offered by them, or do not take initiative because they live in a patriarchal society. Moreover, men go through their wives to get another microcredit.

Trends, Patterns and Drivers of Rural Female Workforce Participation

Social Change ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-551
Author(s):  
Mondira Bhattacharya ◽  
Ankita Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Female Employment ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Job Market ◽  
Workforce Participation ◽  
Agricultural Income

The empowerment of women is critical for improving their status in society and, in turn, women’s access to economic and financial resources is vital for their empowerment. Despite a discernible improvement in India’s rural economy in recent years, the rural female workforce has been declining. One of the primary reasons is that in rural areas women lack access to land and productive resources which aggravates the problem. The objective of this article is to examine trends, patterns and drivers of female workforce participation in rural India captured through the lens of migration, social and religious factors, land rights, agricultural income, education and wages. The study found that female employment in rural India has been reducing, possibly, for the following reasons: firstly, women tend to work only during distress conditions; secondly, they find working conditions either unsafe or unsuitable; and thirdly, social norms restrict their entry into the job market. The study suggests that improving their access to land and productive resources, providing them decent work opportunities and prioritising their education and skills training will collectively help women in improving their socio-economic status.

scholarly journals Open defecation free: where do we need to focus ?

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ramesh Adhikari ◽  
Sudha Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Open Defecation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Middle Income

BackgroundDespite major national and international efforts, many households in Nepal (as in other low-income and middle-income countries) still lack toilets. This paper assesses various determinants that act as main contributing factors because of which households in Nepal still do not have toilets. MethodsData from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2016 was used for this study. Bivariate analysis was done to assess the association between dependent variables (toilet status- having and not having toilets in the household) and independent variables (demographic, socio-economic and geographical characteristics) using Chi-square test. Then, a multi variate logistic regression model was used to assess significant predictors for a household not having a toilet after controlling other variables. ResultsOut of the total number of sampled households (11040), nearly a fifth (18%) belonged to province no. 2, where nearly half of the households (49%) did not have toilet facilities. Similarly, households in rural areas were found to be less likely to have toilets than households in urban areas (aOR=1.56, CI1.35-1.80). In the Terai, households were almost ten times as likely not to have toilets (aOR=9.65, CI6.56-14.19) as compared to households in the mountain region. Furthermore, there is a strong positive association between households with toilets and their economic status. Poorest (aOR=15.19, CI11.26-20.47), poorer (aOR=8.75, CI6.89-11.11) and middle income (aOR=5.12, CI4.15-6.32) households were less likely to have a toilet than richer or richest households. ConclusionsDespite some real achievements and progress in Open Defecation Free (ODF) status, Nepal still has a large number of residences without a toilet. Thus, it is crucial to address all the multifaceted factors such as geographical, provincial and economic when considering sustainable ODF programming.

scholarly journals Identifying factors influencing the low-income community in urban slum settlements in South Sumatera, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Suhel Suhel ◽  
Imam Asngari ◽  
Mardalena Mardalena ◽  
Ariodillah Hidayat ◽  
Abdul Bashir
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Income Expectations ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Slum Settlements

The study is identifying factors influencing the low-income community in urban slum settlements in South Sumatra. The data utilized is primary data is taken through surveys and in-depth interviews. The samples were taken from 115 respondents purposively in the three cities of Palembang, Prabumulih, and Pagar Alam that are receiving benefits from the KOTAKU Program. The methods utilized are descriptive qualitative and quantitative approaches by applying multiple regression models. This study's findings indicate that jointly the variables of education level, age, family members, income expectations, and work types significantly affect the low-income communities' income level. Likewise, partially the education level variables, the family members, income expectations, and types of work positively and significantly affect income level. In contrast, the age variable has a negative and significant effect on the low-income community's income level in urban slums of South Sumatra.

scholarly journals Issues and Challenges of Financial Inclusion Among Low-Income Earners In Rural Areas of Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 277-299
Author(s):  
Salihah Sharizan ◽  
Nur Harena Redzuan ◽  
Romzie Rosman
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Finance Industry

Financial inclusion (FI) appears to be one of the main global agendas as it is an essential way of reducing poverty and increasing the economic growth of a country. FI is the provision of financial services to all segments of society in a more convenient, quality, and affordable way. In this study, the authors analyzed the issues and challenges faced from the two perspectives of the Financial Institutions (FIs) and the rural B40 group concerning the way of pursuing the exclusive of FI. Primary data was collected by conducting semi-structured interviews with four expert bankers from the Financial Institutions (FIs) in Kuala Rompin, Pahang, and two representatives from the B40 customers in the rural areas of Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia. Based on the findings, barriers faced by the supply sides of the FIs include 1) high risk of cost and security, 2) barriers in communication and lack of financial education, and 3) lack of proof documents. The other challenges are 1) competition with the conventional institutions, 2) default risk due to non-payment, and 3) internet connection problem. On the demand side, the issues and challenges found include 1) lack of confidence, 2) lack of proof documents, 3) misuse of capital, and 4) lack of financial literacy. Henceforth, the findings have significant implications for the Islamic banking and finance industry in exploring the current barriers faced in delivering financial inclusion to the lower segment of the society in Malaysia.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KONSUMSI BERAS PADATINGKAT RUMAH TANGGA DI PROPINSI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

Agro Ekonomi ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Cristovao R ◽  
Slamet Hartono ◽  
Jangkung Handoyo Mulyo
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Income Elasticity ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Rice Consumption

The objectives of the study were (1) to determine thefactors influencing rice consumption in urban and rural areas of Yogyakarta Special Province and (2) to determine the own price, cross price and income elasticity of rice consumption at different income levels in rural and urban areas. National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS) data of 2005 Yogyakarta Special Province on rice consumption was used Totalrespondents 1990 households. Regression model used in the analysis was OLS. The result showed that thefactors that influence the consumption of rice are the price of the rice itself, price of the related household goods, income level, education of the mother, number offamily members, and location. Thefactors that individually influence rice consumption vary by kinds of rice, location, and income level. Therefore, the demand of rice in DIY is inelastic, the change of price did not significantly influence rice demand. Generally, rice is normal good at low income household level in the rural and urban areas andfor middle income in the rural, and in middle income and high income in the urban, rice is a inferior good. In other side, rice is Substituted for cassava and sweet potato. Rice is complementary for catfish, fermented soybean cake, cassava, egg, and tofu.Keywords: rice consumption, elasticity, substitution, complementary.

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