scholarly journals Biochemical Assessment of Fertility-Enhancing Effect of Aqueous Extract of Symphonia globulifera (Linn. F.) In Adult Male Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Ilesanmi O. S
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Symphonia Globulifera ◽  
Hormonal Analysis ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

The present study investigated the effect of oral administration of aqueous extract of Symphonia globulifera root on fertility in addition to its effect on some biochemical indices in adult male Wistar rats. After the aqueous extraction, phytochemical screening was carried out. Twenty-four (24) mature and healthy adult male wistar rats of weights between 150-220 g were used. The rats were randomly divided into four (4) groups each containing six (6) rats. Group 1 rats were gavaged with distilled water which served as control group. Group 2, 3 and 4 rats were orally treated with 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight of the aqueous extract of S. globulifera respectively for 21 days. After the treatment, the rats were sacrificed and their organs (heart, liver, kidney and testes) were excised. Hormonal analysis which include seminal fluid analysis (SFA), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), leutenizing hormone (LH), testosterone and prolactin were carried out following standard procedures. The data were analysed using students t-test and ANOVA with the aid of SPSS with P < 0.05 level of statistical significance. The phytochemical screening of the extract revealed presence of major phytochemicals. There was dose-dependent decrease in the body weight of the rats after the treatment. In hormonal analysis, SFA increased significantly when compared to that of the control rats. The analysis also revealed that the blood level of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) was significantly increased whereas; there was decrease in testosterone level when compared with the control animals. In conclusion, aqueous extract of S. globulifera was found to be safe and showed significant fertility enhancing effects.

scholarly journals Azathioprine and Methotrexate impaired the morphology and functions of the testes in adult wistar rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (02) ◽  
pp. 075-081
Author(s):  
A. Akinlolu ◽  
O. Akinola ◽  
P. Khobe ◽  
K. Obasi ◽  
O. Dada
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Introduction: AAzathioprine and Methotrexate are both used in the treatment of cancer; and are classified as cytotoxic drugs with reported adverse effects such as oxidative damage to the DNA/RNA, the testes and sperm cells. This study, therefore, tested the hypothesis that AAzathioprine and Methotrexate administrations impair the morphology and functions of the testes in adult male wistar rats. Methods: AAzathioprine (50-150mg per day) and Methotrexate (2.5mg per week) are used in the treatment of cancer in adult Man. We tested the hypothesis that AAzathioprine and Methotrexate impair the morphology and functions of testes in rats. Forty adult male wistar rats (150-230g) were employed in the study: Control Group I received physiological saline while Experimental Groups II - V received oral administrations of 5mg/kg/bodyweight of AAzathioprine per day, 15mg/kg/bodyweight of AAzathioprine per day, 8mg/kg/bodyweight of Methotrexate per week and 20mg/kg/bodyweight of Methotrexate per week respectively for 35 days. Results: Histological examinations of the testes of rats of Groups II - V showed dose-dependent morphological anomalies such as fewer collagen ibers of connective tissues, disrupted seminiferous tubules and scanty spermatozoa when compared to rats of Group I. Statistical analyses showed dose-dependent elevated levels (P≤0.05) of superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde in testes homogenates of rats of Groups II - V when compared to rats of Group I. This implied increased oxidative stress in rats of Groups II - V. Evaluations of Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Testosterone showed dose-dependent significantly elevated levels (P≤0.05) in rats of Groups II - V when compared to rats of Group I. Conclusions: Our findings are consistent with the stated hypothesis.

scholarly journals Antidiarrhoeal activity of aqueous leaf extract of Olea europaea var. sylvestris in albino Wistar rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Zaouani ◽  
Fatima Yahiaoui ◽  
Nazli Nacer Bey ◽  
Meriem Hind Ben-Mahdi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Olea Europaea ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Motility Assay ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Leaf Aqueous Extract

Olea europaea var. sylvestris, also named oleaster, is widely used by traditional medicine practitioners in Algeria to treat high blood pressure and diabetes. However, the antidiarrhoeal activity of this plant has not been scientifically evaluated. The main aim of the study deals with an investigation of three topics: the phytochemical screening, the acute toxicity, and antidiarrhoeal activity of the oleaster leaf aqueous extract. Acute oral toxicity study was carried out based on Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 423 guideline. The extract was orally administered in wistar rats at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight and the animals were observed for mortality, behavioral changes and other abnormal signs. Qualitative analysis of phytochemical constituents was carried out using standard methods developed by Harborne, Trease and Evans. Castor oil-induced diarrhoea tests and gastro intestinal motility assay were evaluated in rats to determine the antidiarrhoeal activity of the extract. In the acute toxicity study, the extract did not induce death or any sign of toxicity in treated rats. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, and triterpenoids. The oleaster extract at oral doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight showed a significant (P<0.05) antidiarrhoeal activity compared to the control group treated with castor oil induced diarrhoea, enteropooling and gastrointestinal motility assay, after charcoal meal administration. The oleaster leaf aqueous extract has shown a gradual response with increasing dose. The present study indicates that the oleaster leaf aqueous extract is safe with antidiarrhoeal property.

Studies on the toxicological effect of the aqueous extract of the fresh, dried and boiled berries of Solanum aculeastrum Dunal in male Wistar rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 765-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
OM Aboyade ◽  
MT Yakubu ◽  
DS Grierson ◽  
AJ Afolayan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
The Body ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Toxicological Effect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin

The toxicological effect of the aqueous extract of fresh, dried and boiled berries of Solanum aculeastrum Dunal at 1, 10 and 25 mg/kg body weight was investigated in male Wistar rats for 28 days. The parameters used were the body weight of the animals and absolute weights of the organs, haematological parameters, renal and liver functional endpoints. The animals gained appreciable weight and showed no signs of clinical toxicity. The dried (DB), boiled dried (BDB), fresh (FB) and boiled fresh berry (BFB) extracts reduced (p < .05) the heart-, liver-and spleen-body weight ratio of the animals whereas that of the lung was not altered. The kidney and testes-body weight ratios were specifically altered by the different extract. All these were not accompanied by any histomorphological changes. The extracts did not alter (p > .05) the levels of RBC, Hb, PCV and albumin of the animals. The platelets were decreased by the DB and FB whereas BFB increased this parameter. The FB and BFB at all the doses also reduced the mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) of the animals. With the exception of the FB where the creatinine and chloride levels decreased, other extracts did not alter the level of these kidney parameters. Only FB increased the levels of uric acid and urea. All the extract decreased the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) of the animal. The levels of total protein, globulin, total and conjugated bilirubin were not altered by DB and BDB whereas these indices were increased by FB and BFB. The DB and BDB increased the serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity whereas FB decreased the activity of the enzyme. In contrast, DB and BDB decreased the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity of the animals whereas FB and BFB increased the activity of the enzyme. The FB and BFB also increased the levels of potassium, magnesium and phosphorus of the animals. Overall, the alterations in the biochemical parameters by the various extracts of S. aculeastrum berries at these doses indicated that the normal functioning of these organs may be adversely affected. However, drying and boiling might reduce the toxic effect of the berries.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Sesamum Indicum Seeds on Sperm Morphology and Viability in KetoconazoleInduced Testicular Damage in Male Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf MK
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Sperm Morphology ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Testicular Damage ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 2

Aim: The study was aimed at evaluating the effects of ethanolic extract of Sesamum indicum seeds on sperm morphology and viability in ketoconazole induced testicular damage in Wistar rats. Methods: Forty eight adult male Wistar rats were divided into eight Groups of six rats each. Groups 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 and 8 were administered 1ml of normal saline, 100 mg /kg body weight (bwt) of Ketoconazole only, 500 mg/kg bwt of ethanolic extract of sesamum indicum (EESI) seeds then100 mg/kg bwt of Ketoconazole, 100 mg/kg bwt of Ketoconazole then 250 mg /kg body weight of EESI seeds,100 mg/kg bwt of Ketoconazole then 500 mg/kg bwt of EESI, 100 mg/kg body weight of Ketoconazole then 0.36 mg/kg body weight of Mesterolone, 0.36 mg/kg body weight of Mesterolone, 500 mg/kg body weight of EESI respectively. All administrations were carried out orally once per day. The sperm smears were collected for semen analyses. Result: A significant increase in the abnormalities of sperm morphology and viability respectively were noted in the group administered ketoconazole alone (Group 2) compared with other experimental Groups (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: The administration of ethanolic extract of Sesamum indicum appeared to have minimized the damages and sperm deaths caused by ketoconazole which may be due to its androgenic properties.

scholarly journals Interventions of aqueous extract of Solanum melongena fruits (garden eggs) on mercury chloride induced testicular toxicity in adult male Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunday Aderemi Adelakun ◽  
Victor Okoliko Ukwenya ◽  
Grace Temitope Akingbade ◽  
Olusegun Dare Omotoso ◽  
Julius Akomaye Aniah
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Mercury Chloride ◽  
Testicular Toxicity ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

scholarly journals Effects of Oral Administration of Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) on Obesity in Male Wistar Rats (Rattus Norvegicus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 879-882
Author(s):  
Mulyati Sri Rahayu ◽  
Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Yuziani
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 2

Introduction: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is one of the most widely employed food enhancers. Although the umami compound, controversy persists regarding the effects of MSG intake on body weight. Chronic MSG intake may result in excessive body weight gain and obesity. Consumption of MSG result in organ damage, cardiovascular disease, oxidative stress, and also risk factors for obesity. This study aims to determine the effect of oral MSG on obesity in adult male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus).Methods: This true experimental study used the post-test control group design. Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control (received distilled water), Group 1 (MSG 0.378 mg/gr BW), Group 2 (0.756 mg/gr BW) and Group 3 (1.512 mg/gr BW). The obesity parameter was obtained by the Lee index. Kruskal-Wallis test follows by Mann-Whitney test were used to compare the Lee index between groups.Results: Lee’s index mean for each group was 358.4%, 314.1%, 287.8%, and 320.9%, respectively. The Kruskal Wallis test showed a significant difference in the Lee index between groups (p = 0.043). A follow-up test using Mann-Whitney found a significant difference between group 2 and the control group (p = 0.043, p <0.05). The mean of Lee index of group 2 was 70.51% lower than the control group.Conclusion: This study concluded that Lee index was not increased in MSG-treated rats than in the control group after oral MSG intervention for 21 days.

Effects of Tetracycline on Body Weight and Accessory Reproduc-tive Organ Weights (Prostate Gland and Seminal Vesicle) of Adult Male Wistar Rats

Health Care ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Popoola Oladele Biliamin ◽  
Ajayi Ruth Taiwo ◽  
Akinyemi Raphael Akinsola ◽  
Oguntoye Shemilore Gbenga ◽  
Huthman Ibrahim Oluwaseun
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Seminal Vesicle ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

scholarly journals Comparative Modulation of the Reproductive System by Ethanolleaf Extracts of Asystasia Gangetica Andanthocleista Vogelli in Male Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simeon I. Egba ◽  
C. O. Okonkwo ◽  
H. C. Omeoga ◽  
I. E. Ekong
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

A number of medicinal plants have been found to influence the level of reproductive hormones and thus affect fertility in the overall. This work evaluated the effects of ethanol leaf extracts of A. gangetica and A. vogelli respectively on some reproductive system parameters in male Wistar rats. A total of sixteen (16) male albino rats were grouped into four (four rats in each group): group A served as normal control, group B received Immunace (Vitabiotics) group C and D received 400 mg/kg body weight of A. gangetica and A. vogelli extracts respectively. Extracts were administered orally to rats for 21 days, after which they were sacrificed by cervical dislocations and blood samples drawn by cardiac puncture. The effect of the extracts on testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and semen analysis of the test rats were determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and standard techniques. Data collected were analyzed using Graph pad prism V6 and p values < 0.05 were adopted as significant. There was no significant (p>0.05) change in testosterone, FSH and luteinizing hormones in the group administered A. gangetica plant extract relative to the control. There was also no visible difference in the testes weight and sperm morphology relative to the control group. In contrast, administration of A. vogelli extract caused significant (p<0.05) decrease in testosterone and follicle stimulating hormone concentrations from: 1.12 ± 0.20 to 0.89 ± 0.05 and 1.41 ± 0.07 to 1.35 ± 0.12 respectively relative to the control group. While significant (p<0.05) decrease in luteinizing hormone (1.71 ± 0.15) was observed relative to the standard drug group (1.76 ± 0.05). A significant (p<0.05) decrease in sperm count and testes weight was also observed in rats treated with A. vogelli extract relative to the normal control.The results suggest that, A. vogelli extract may cause decreased fertility in male albino rats and could be developed further into potent male contraceptives. A. gangetica on the other hand, had no effect on male reproductive hormones.

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