scholarly journals The absolute socioeconomic inequity attributable to smoking

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-02
Author(s):  
Fé Fernández Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Life Expectation ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequity ◽  
Consumption Intensity ◽  
Explicative Variable

Background: Smoking has several consequences over the society and the economy at same time. Because of smoking smokers are reducing the life quality and life expectation too. That is the main cause of absolute socioeconomic inequity attributable to smoking. Objective: To characterize the absolute socioeconomic inequity attributable to smoking. Materials and methods: Were used several theorical methods as the inductive – deductive and the comparative too. As empirical method was used the bibliographic research. Results: Smoking is the main cause of the existence of this particular inequity form. That’s why to eliminate the absolute socioeconomic inequity attributable to smoking is necessary focus the attention in the reduction of the tobacco consumption intensity as main explicative variable for personal smoker demand of health services because of smoking. Conclusions: The absolute socioeconomic inequity attributable to smoking is showed by mortality and morbidity too. In both case the strategic to reduce the tobacco consumption must focus the attention as main way to control, reduce and eliminate the absolute socioeconomic inequity attributable to smoking

Brief analysis about the smoking economic benefits

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Efraín Sánchez González ◽  
Fé Fernández Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Service Demand ◽  
Life Expectation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
Short Time

Background. Smoking is given by the tobacco consumption. Thus all smoking economic benefits are based on this fact. Some economic sectors are benefited from the smoking economic impact over the health services demand. The magnitude of these economic benefits is given by the relevancy from the effective demand of health services attributable to smoking. Objective. To describe the main economic benefits attributable to smoking. Materials and methods. As theoric methods were used the historic – logic the inductive – deductive and the comparative. As empiric method it used the bibliographic research. Results. The financial resources able to access to the health services may be limited by the same reason that motive the health service demand: the smoking. One of the more singular economic benefits from smoking is given by the smoker earlier death. The smoker over-mortality carries to reduce the demand of Social Security services to retired people agree to life expectation reduction. Much times the unquestionable health valued isn´t sufficiently considered by fiscal authorities who consider more important at short time the practice value from the smoking economic benefits. That’s why it isn´t sufficient with the understanding and acknowledge from the smoking impact over the life quality and life expectation. Conclusion. The social and the human development may not be supported in the existence of a risk factor that reduces the life value reducing the health quality and life expectative at same time, which raise the living cost and favor to a reduced people number across the addiction to the nicotine.

scholarly journals Healthy Neighbourhoods: Health Promotion and Prevention in Urban Neighbourhoods

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Westenhöfer ◽  
Johanna Buchcik ◽  
Jana Borutta
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Urban Neighbourhoods ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Situation

Introduction  Maintaining good life quality in urban neighbourhoods is one of the biggest challenges. The project "Healthy Neighbourhoods - Health Promotion and Prevention in Districts" ( 07/201712/2020) aims to describe and improve health and quality of life of citizens living in neighbourhoods with different socioeconomic statuses.  Method  To examine a possible connection between social and health situation, six districts with "very low", "low", "middle" and "high" social statuses will be compared. An instrument was developed to measure walkability, community sense, nutrition, alcohol and tobacco consumption, resilience, health-related quality of life as well as the socio-economic and the socio-demographic status.  Results  In April 2019, the team recorded n=621 interviews (n=102 in Lohbrügge, n=116 in Rahlstedt, n=87 in Sasel, n=135 in Stellingen, n=65 Wilhelmsburg and n=116 in Hamm). Men were somewhat overrepresented compared to women (n=268 woman, n=345 men, n=2 diverse, n=8 no indication). Respondents were aged between 18 - 96 (mean = 57.5, SD = 19.6).  Discussion  The results demonstrate different health situations, resources and challenges regarding the socio-economic status and the district respectively. To ensure a participative approach, the results will be presented to citizens and health experts living in these districts and form the basis to develop health promoting intervention.

scholarly journals Provider-Related Predictors of Utilization of University Health Services in Nigeria

1970 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olumide ABIODUN ◽  
Faithman OVAT ◽  
Oluwatosin OLU-ABIODUN
Keyword(s):  
Health Service ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Process Indicators ◽  
The University

BACKGROUND: The utilization of health services is an important policy concern in most developing countries. Many staff and students do not utilize the health services within the university system despite the availability of good quality services. This study investigated the provider-related factors related to utilization of university health service by staff and students in a privately owneduniversity in Nigeria.METHODS: The perception of the quality of a university health service was investigated among a cross-section of 600 university staff and students who were selected by a stratified random sampling scheme. A self-administered questionnaire-based study was conducted. The structure, process and output predictors of utilization of the university health facility were assessed. Data analysis was carried out using Stata I/C 15.0.RESULTS: The average age of the participants was 22.93±7.58 years. About two-thirds of them did not have opinion about the mortality and morbidity rates at the university health center. Significant proportions of the participants reported good perceptions about the structure and process quality of service indicators. Utilization of the university health center was predicted by some structure and process indicators namely; the availability/experience of staff (AOR 2.44; CI 1.67-3.58), the organization of healthcare (AOR 1.64; CI 1.11-2.41), the continuity of treatment (AOR 1.74; CI 1.12-2.70) and the waiting time (AOR0.41; CI 0.28-0.61).CONCLUSION: The utilization of university health services was predicted by availability/experience of staff, the organization of healthcare, the waiting time and the continuity of care. The structure-process-outcome approach discriminates between the students and staff who utilize the university health center and those who donot. It also suggests a complex interplay of factors in the prediction of choice of a health facility.

Effects of Adolescent Sport Practice on Health Outcomes of Adult Amateur Endurance Cyclists: Adulthood Is Not Too Late to Start

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 876-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Munguia-Izquierdo ◽  
Carmen Mayolas-Pi ◽  
Carlos Peñarrubia-Lozano ◽  
Federico Paris-Garcia ◽  
Javier Bueno-Antequera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Training Status ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Training Performance ◽  
Sport Practice

Background: We investigated the effects of adolescent sport practice on the training, performance, and health outcomes of adult amateur endurance cyclists and compared health outcomes of 3 adult groups: amateur endurance cyclists who practiced sports during adolescence, amateur endurance cyclists who did not practice sports during adolescence, and inactive individuals. Methods: In 859 (751 men and 108 women) adult cyclists and 718 inactive subjects (307 men and 411 women), we examined adolescent sport practice, current training status, quality of life, quality of sleep, anxiety and depression, and cardiometabolic risk: body mass index, physical activity, physical fitness, adherence to Mediterranean diet, and alcohol and tobacco consumption. Results: Independent of gender, no significant differences in training, performance, or health outcomes were observed between amateur endurance cyclists who practiced sports during adolescence and those who did not. Independent of gender, cyclists reported significantly better health outcomes than inactive individuals in all variables, except depression. Conclusions: Training, performance, and health outcomes did not differ between adult amateur endurance cyclists who practiced sports during adolescence and those who did not, but their health outcomes were significantly improved compared with inactive individuals, except for depression.

scholarly journals Health seeking behavior among women in Bhimtar, Sindhupalchowk district of Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina V. Shrestha ◽  
Leela Paudel ◽  
Smriti Pant ◽  
Samikchya Neupane ◽  
Naresh Manandhar
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Traditional Healer ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity

Background: When assessing and monitoring the health of a population, it is important to describe not only classical mortality and morbidity indicators but also, perceived illness, visits to primary health services, and utilization of the healthcare services provided. Objectives of the study were to determine the health status and factors affecting health seeking behaviour of women.Methods: A descriptive study was done at Bhimtar, Sindhupalchowk District in Nepal, involving 147 subjects sampled by purposive sampling. Study population consisted of women. Data was collected by house to house interview with pretested questionnaire during month of September 2016. Data was entered and then analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20. Simple measures of statistics like frequency, percentages, means were used to represent the data in tables as a part of descriptive analysis and chi-square test was applied to see the association with dependent variables.Results: Among 80.9% women who had gynaecological problems, the highest prevalence rate of the disease was low back pain (60.5%) followed by lower abdominal pain (35.2%), dysmenorrhea (27.3%) and menstrual irregularities (27.3%). The first approach of seeking health for the reported illness among women was the traditional healer (51%). Regarding attitude towards modern medicine, 47.6% respondents replied that facilities were not available locally. Similarly regarding hindering factors for not utilizing health services, lack of female doctors (43.75%) and far distance of health care centre (37.5%) were the most common ones.Conclusions:Higher percentage of women in Bhimtar sought after the traditional healer as the best way for utilizing health services. Modern health care utilization was less because of the distance to be covered during illness and lack of doctors in the health centre.  

scholarly journals Pharmacological control of blood hypertension and hyperglycemia in acute phase of intracerebral haemorrhage

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1S) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Landini ◽  
Luca Masotti
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Intracerebral Haemorrhage ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Intensive Treatment ◽  
Blood Pressure Target ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Increased Risk

Blood hypertension and hyperglycemia are both risk factors for intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) and negative prognostic factors of mortality and functional disability when occur in the acute phase of ICH. However, the intensive treatment of both these conditions has not clearly shown positive effects in reducing mortality and morbidity. Two recent clinical trials (INTERACT and ATACH) have shown that the aggressive lowering of systolic blood pressure (target 140 mmHg) may reduce the hematoma enlargement without increasing the risk of ischemic events due to lowering of the cerebral perfusion pressure, neurological deterioration, worsening of the life quality and disability. Intensive treatment of hyperglycemia has been associated to an increase of the risk of hypoglycemia with secondary increased risk of mortality. Blood pressure and glycemia should be monitored during the acute phase of ICH, but optimal strategies and targets still remain unclear.

Rates to Measures the Social Inequity Attributable To Smoking

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
Fé Fernández Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Social Cost ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Social Inequity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Factor Determine ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequity

Introduction: Smoking has two main explicative variables given by the consumption of tobacco and cigarettes and the smokers’ number. The relation between both and the researched risk factor determine the social behavior of it. The social inequity attributable to smoking is given by the particular way to impact over the researched population. Objective: To design an inequity rate for each identified form of social inequity attributable to smoking. Was made an analytic research about the smoking social inequity. Materials and Methods: Were used like theorical methods the comparative and the inductive deductive and like empiric method the bibliographic research. Results: The social inequity attributable to smoking is given by the social cost because of smoking. These costs are determined by the smoking effect over the economic resources consumption´s financing the health services and the smoking effect over the society and the economy in general by the labor productivity lose. Conclusion: Smoking like risk factor has several forms to impact over the population researched. Each identified form of social inequity has one particular form of social inequity and one form of socioeconomic inequity too.

Two Models for Change in the Health Services in Zimbabwe

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Bloom
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity

The health situation in pre-Independence Zimbabwe was much as elsewhere in the Third World. While the majority suffered excess mortality and morbidity, the affluent enjoyed a health status similar to that of the populations of developed countries. The health services also showed the familiar pattern, with expenditure concentrated on sophisticated facilities in the towns, leaving the rural majority with practically no services at all. With the coming of Majority Rule, the previous pattern of controlling access to facilities on the basis of race could not continue. Two broad routes forward were defined. On the one hand, the private doctors, the private insurance companies, and the settler state proposed a model based on improving urban facilities, depending on a trickle-down to eventually answer the needs of the rural people. On the other hand, the post-Independence Ministry of Health advocated a policy of concentrating on developing services in the rural areas. The pattern of the future health service will depend on the capacity of the senior health planners and on the enthusiasm of front-line health workers but, of overriding importance will be the political commitment to answer the needs of the majority and the outcome of the inevitable struggle for access to scarce health sector resources.

scholarly journals LEGAL ANALYSIS OF IMPLEMENTING TRADITIONAL MEDICINE PRACTICES IN BANDAR LAMPUNG

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 40-56
Author(s):  
Rissa Afni Rissa ◽  
Aditia Arief Firmanto
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Medical Providers ◽  
Medical Practices ◽  
Traditional Health ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Republic

The implementation of traditional medical practices is supported by several regulations including the Minister of Health Decree No. 1076 / MENKES / SK / VII / 2003 concerning Organizers of Traditional Medicine and Law No. 36 of 2009 concerning Health. This research was conducted using the normative-empirical method. The study population was taken by purposive sampling according to the research objectives. Data analysis in this legal analysis research uses qualitative methods. The rules and conditions set for the management of traditional medical practices in Bandar Lampung City are guided by PerMenKes No. 61 of 2016 concerning Empirical Traditional Health Services, PP of the Republic of Indonesia No. 103 of 2014 concerning Traditional Health Services and Decree of the Head of Lampung Provincial Health Office Number 442 regarding Guidelines for Developing Traditional Health Services in Lampung Province in 2009. The resulting legal analysis is evident from 60 respondents that there are 39 people or 65% already know that the traditional medicine where they seek treatment already have a permit, this will increase the confidence of patients to seek treatment to a legal license. The results of the study of 60 patient respondents were only 3 people who were given health insurance by traditional medical providers. While the remaining 57 patient respondents were not given health insurance by traditional medical providers. This proves that only 5% of traditional medicine dares to give health insurance to their patients. Patients or people who seek treatment are entitled to health insurance following the legal basis for health insurance. The Bandar Lampung City Health Office has not optimally conducted supervision and education on traditional medicine in the Bandar Lampung City. It is hoped that the mayor's regulations will effectively regulate traditional medical practices, preventive measures, and make patients more selective in choosing health healing facilities.

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