scholarly journals INCREASING NONSPECIFIC STABILITY OF SERVICE DOGS

Author(s):  
A.A. Ishtudov ◽  
◽  
V.G. Semenov ◽  
D.A. Nikitin ◽  
E.N. Ivanova ◽  
...  

A biopreparation Dog-Stim-N-B was developed and a scientific and practical justification was given for its feasibility in the canine center for raising dogs of the German shepherd breed. Se-lective mobilization of morphological and biochemical profiles of blood, cellular and humoral factors of nonspecific resistance of dog organism is established against the background of intramuscular injection of first-tested biopreparation Dog-Stim-N-B and previously tested Prevention-N-E. The biologics used in the experiments showed a wide range of bio-effects: activated the production of red blood cells and increased the concentration of hemoglobin in the blood of dogs, that is, im-proved hematopoiesis, but did not have a stimulating effect on the production of white blood cells; caused physiological eosinophilia, moderate neutrophylopenia with neutrophilic nucleus shift to the right and lymphocytosis; increased protein metabolism, mainly due to synthesis of albumin and γ-globulin fractions; activated cellular and humoral factors of nonspecific resistance of the organism.

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (19) ◽  
pp. 3882-3890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Jacobsen ◽  
Richard A. Helmers ◽  
James J. Lee ◽  
Nancy A. Lee

Abstract Surprisingly, the role(s) of eosinophils in health and disease is often summarized by clinicians and basic research scientists as a pervasive consensus opinion first learned in medical/graduate school. Eosinophils are rare white blood cells whose activities are primarily destructive and are only relevant in parasitic infections and asthma. However, is this consensus correct? This review argues that the wealth of available studies investigating the role(s) of eosinophils in both health and disease demonstrates that the activities of these granulocytes are far more expansive and complex than previously appreciated. In turn, this greater understanding has led to the realization that eosinophils have significant contributory roles in a wide range of diseases. Furthermore, published studies even implicate eosinophil-mediated activities in otherwise healthy persons. We suggest that the collective reports in the literature showing a role for eosinophils in an ever-increasing number of novel settings highlight the true complexity and importance of this granulocyte. Indeed, discussions of eosinophils are no longer simple and more often than not now begin with the question/statement “Did you know …?”


Author(s):  
Zahra Mousavi ◽  
Zinat Yazdani ◽  
Alireza Moradabadi ◽  
Fatemeh Hoseinpourkasgari ◽  
Gholamhossein Hassanshahi

Abstract The word of hemoglobinopathy is described for an array of disorders that affecting hemoglobin (Hb) functions. Hb is a molecule with 68 kDa molecular weight, serving as oxygen carrying metalloprotein. Hemoglobinopathy includes a wide range of Hb structural deficits varying from thalassemia to sickle cell disease. Cyto-chemokine network members are pivotally involved in the pathogenesis of hemoglobinopathies, however, the exact role of these mediators in the development of these disorders yet to be well addressed. Cytokines and chemokines are generated by inflamed endothelial cells that promote the expression of their respected receptors and further activate NF-κβ, recruit red blood cells (RBCs) and white blood cells (WBCs) toward the inflamed endothelium. Therefore, due to critical roles played by the cyto-chemokine network in several aspects of hemoglobinopathies pathophysiology including apoptosis of endothelial cells, RBC, WBC and etc.…, in the present review, we focused on the critical parts played by this network in the pathogenesis of hemoglobinopathies.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rahimunnisa ◽  
V. Aparna ◽  
R.K. Harrini ◽  
K. Kamalini

RBC (Red Blood Cells) and WBC (White Blood Cells) are the main constituents of blood. WBC fight infections by attacking bacteria and viruses, that invade the body, while RBC transports oxygen in the body. Many blood diseases can be detected using RBC and WBC count values. Immunity-related blood diseases like Leukopenia and Leukocytosis can be easily detected using the WBC count value. The manual counting method of blood cells in laboratories takes at least one day to get the blood results, which becomes a major drawback for healthcare sectors to diagnose the disease at the right time. More expensive pathological tests are also a major drawback. Accurate counting of blood cells is essential in the accurate diagnosis of the disease. The proposed system is used to calculate the RBC and WBC Count, Total blood Count, RBC and percentage and the blood disease (Leukocytosis, Leukopenia) from the input blood smear image. This will help laboratories to perform the counting of blood cells with high accuracy and less workload. This is achieved by pre-processing that involves grayscale conversion, image enhancement, noise removal, binary conversion of input image, followed by plane extraction and threshold-based Segmentation. The blood disease (Leukocytosis and Leukopenia) is detected using WBC percentage-based classification methodology. This approach obtained an accuracy of 98.4%, specificity of 88.889%, precision of 99.58%, F - Measure of 99.50%. Morphological operations are implemented using MATLAB software.


Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 1896-1896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Herault ◽  
Nathalie Gallay ◽  
Jorge Domenech ◽  
Philippe Colombat ◽  
Christian Binet

Abstract The number of peripheral white blood cells (WBC) shows a wide range in acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) patients. A high WBC count constitutes an adverse prognosis factor when at presentation and (myelo)monocytic subtypes were more frequently associated with extramedullar tumor sites. Marrow endothelial cells express CD31 and CD31/CD31 interaction is known to promote the migration in physiological mechanisms, as for example transendothelial migration of neutrophiles and monocytes in diapedesis. CD31 is a specific receptor of CD38 which is associated with numerous molecules on the surface of blood cells. Moreover, CD38 could interact with hyaluronate, a component of the extracellular matrix, 2 hyaluronate-binding sites having been reported in its extracellular domain. These elements lead us to postulate that CD31 and CD38 are colocalized on AML cells and that an excess of CD31 promotes the egress of the cells from the marrow compartment, while an excess of CD38 favors their anchorage to marrow microenvironment. The CD38/CD31 colocalization was demonstrated using FRET and cocapping strategies. FRET experiments were performed with a 488 nm laser flow cytometer, Cy3-conjugated anti-CD38 mAb and FITC-conjugated mAb against CD31. For cocapping experiments, we induced capping of CD31 with anti-CD31 mAb at 37°C; the cells were then fixed and labeled with anti-CD38 mAb. Transendothelial migration has been studied using anti-CD31 mAb and anti-CD38 blocking mAbs in Transwell® experiments performed with TrHBMEC cell line. To study the CD38/hyaluronate interaction, cells were treated or not with all-trans retinoic acid to induce CD38 overexpression just before plating the cells onto hyaluronate-coated dish. The in vivo influence of CD31 and CD38 coexpression level was evaluated by studying the phenotype of marrow leukemic cells (S/N ratio of the MFI) and the WBC count of 78 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed de novo AML. In all experiments, P value <0.05 has been considered as statistically significant. FITC-conjugated anti-CD31 induced increase in MFI of Cy-3 by 108.4% and we observed a CD31/CD38 cocapping. The inhibition of migration by anti-CD31 blocking mAb ranged from 2% to 66% of control and was correlated to the CD31 expression level (R=0.9236; P<0.0001), while migration in presence of anti-CD38 blocking mAb was about 80% of the control without correlation with CD38 expression level, suggesting a lesser role in the transendothelial migration process. The blasts exposed to ATRA exhibited a 1.3±0.1-fold increase in the CD38 expression (S/N of MFI) and a 40±10 % increase in adhesion to hyaluronate. The expression of CD31 and CD38 on the membrane of marrow leukemic cells of the AML patients were correlated (R=0.6621; P<0.0001). Moreover, peripheral WBC count was correlated with the CD31/CD38 ratio (R=0.5286; P=0.0129) and an excess of CD31 antigen was associated with an increased peripheral WBC count when comparing patients with ratio >1 to those with ratio <1 (P<0.0001). Interestingly, CD31/CD38 ratio was higher in AML (myelo)monocytic subtypes when comparing M4/M5 to all other FAB subtypes (1.2±0.1 and 0.7±0.1, respectively; P<0.0001). These findings suggest that extramedullar dissemination of AML cells depends on CD31 and CD38 coexpression level and give new insights into novel strategies to reduce the number of extramedullar tumor sites, notably in AML (myelo)monocytic subtypes.


2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
Полищук ◽  
Sergey Polishchuk ◽  
Молянова ◽  
Galina Molyanova

The purpose of research is to increase protective and adaptive reactions, the service and the working potential of an organism of dogs through the use of DHQ. The article presents the results of an experiment to the effect of DHQ on the dynamics of hematological parameters of dogs blood. Dihydroquercetin – an active antioxidant, a natural scavenger of oxygen free radicals, hepatoprotective, has anti-inflammatory action due to limitations of the formalin edema and histamine, and inhibits the formation of serous fluid, pain killers, immunocorrectional properties. Due to the high complexing properties it displays the body of heavy metals, including radionuclides, it helps to restore the tone of blood vessels, normalization of the lipid spectrum of the blood and slows the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Investigations were carried out in Dogs State Service Ministry of I A of Russia zonal center in Samara Region by clinically healthy of dog breed German Shepherd, age 2-4 years with an average body weight of 30 kg on the background conditions and feeding, adopted by the enterprise. Dogs experimental group received Dihydroquercetin to 0.001 g/kg body weight dose once a day with food. When added to the basic diet Dihydroquercetin dog experimental group show an increase in indicators such as red blood cells – by 18.3% (p&#60;0.01), hemoglobin – by 11.7% (p &#60;0.01) hematocrit – 7.1% (p&#60;0.01), white blood cells – by 9.1% (p&#60;0.05) compared to control data. The research results give reason to believe that the use of dietary supplements in Dihydroquercetin in dogs diet dose 0.001 g/kg allows significantly increase the morphological and physiological indicators of animal organism. In this case a significant increase erythrocytes and hemoglobin and hematocrit indicates increased oxidative metabolism and function of the intensity of the blood in dogs treated with the drug, and increase in the blood indicates an increase in immune status.


2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
N. M. Ponamarev ◽  
M. Yu. Novikova M. ◽  
N. V. Tikhaya

The purpose of the research is studying the epizootology of babesiosis and biochemical parameters of dogs with babesiosis in Barnaul. Materials and methods. The studies were conducted at the Department of Microbiology, Epizootology, Parasitology and Veterinary-Sanitary Examination of the Altai State Agrarian University and at the Barnaul Central Veterinary Hospital. Statistical analysis was performed according to the laboratory research journal from 2013 to 2017. Babesiosis was diagnosed based on clinical evidence and microscopic examination of peripheral blood smears. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total and conjugated bilirubin, creatinine, urea, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, calcium and phosphorus contained in the blood serum was determined. In total, 1258 blood samples of dogs of different sex, age and breed were examined. In order to identify age-related features in hematological parameters, we formed 4 groups of 30 dogs in each age group. We studied indicators such as the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, the total number of red blood cells, and white blood cells, hemoglobin concentration and color index, and counted formed elements. The spread of ixodic ticks was studied in Barnaul and a suburban area of Chernitsky Forest. Ixodic ticks were collected on flag. A total of 535 live ticks of the Ixodidae family were collected. The species of ixodic ticks was identified using the Guide to arachnoentomoses. Results and discussion. The rate of babesia infection in dogs was 36.3%. Most often babesiosis occurs in outbred dogs, the terrier, German Shepherd dog, Cocker Spaniel, Central Asian Shepherd dog and dachshund. Males, especially those over the age of 8, are more infected with Babesia. Most cases of dog lesions by babesiosis occur in Zheleznodorozhny, Central and Industrial Districts of Barnaul. The disease is diagnosed from early April to late June, and from early August to late October. Significant indicators for identifying the pathology of individual systems and organs of the animal affected by babesiosis are aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, urea, total and conjugated bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase. The level of total protein under the age of two years is lowered, while calcium and phosphorus are within physiological values. 


Author(s):  
В.Г. СЕМЕНОВ ◽  
А.А. ИШТУДОВ ◽  
Д.А. НИКИТИН ◽  
В.А. АЛЕКСЕЕВ ◽  
А.С. ТИХОНОВ

Цель работы – изучение морфофизиологического профиля и неспецифических защитных сил организма служебных собак в условиях кинологического центра на фоне профилактики иммунодефицита биопрепаратами Dоg-Stim-N-B и Prevention-N-Е. Методология. Исследовательская работа проведена в условиях центра кинологической службы МВД и ветеринарной клиники «Айболит» г. Чебоксары на протяжении 2016-2020 гг. Для проведения научно-исследовательской работы подобрали три группы собак одной породы двухмесячного возраста по 5 особей в каждой (контрольная, 1-я и 2-я опытные). С целью профилактики иммунодефицита организма собакам опытных групп выполнили двукратное внутримышечное инъецирование биопрепаратов Prevention-N-Е (1-я опытная) и Dоg-Stim-N-B (2-я опытная) в дозе 0,1 мл на 1 кг живой массы. Результаты. Двукратная внутримышечная инъекция служебным собакам 1-й и 2-й опытных групп биопрепаратов Dоg-Stim-N-B и Prevention-N-Е на 61-63 и 68-69 сутки после рождения повышала концентрацию гемоглобина в крови по сравнению с контролем на 2,0-5,0 и 4,0-15,0 г/л, количество красных кровяных телец – на 1,09 и 1,10×1012/л, уровень общего белка – на 2,8-5,4 и 2,8-8,2 г/л, в том числе альбуминов – на 2,5-3,4 и 3,3-4,3 г/л, а γ-глобулинов – на 0,8-2,4 и 0,3-2,9 г/л. Кроме того, биопрепараты способствовали активизации клеточного и гуморального звеньев неспецифической устойчивости организма. Заключение. Разработанные биопрепараты Dоg-Stim-N-B и Prevention-N-Е стимулируют гемопоэз, развивают физиологическую эозинофилию, нейтрофилопению со сдвигом ядра вправо и лимфоцитоз, активизируют обмен белка, синтез альбуминов и γ-глобулинов, повышают активность клеточных и гуморальных факторов неспецифической резистентности организма. The purpose of the work – study of morphophysiological profle and non-specifc protective forces of the body of service dogs in the conditions of a canine center against the background of prevention of immunodefciency with biological preparation Dog-Stim-N-B and Prevention-N-E. Methodology. Research work was carried out in the conditions of the center of the canine service of the Ministry of Internal Afairs and the Aibolit veterinary clinic in Cheboksary during 2016-2020. For research work, 3 groups of dogs of one breed were formed at the age of 2 months, 5 heads in each group. In order to prevent immunodefciency of the body, dogs of the 1st experimental group were injected intramuscularly with the biopreparation Prevention-N-E at a dose of 0.1 ml/kg of live weight twice on the 61-63 and 68-69 day after birth, dogs of the 2nd experimental group at the same dose and at the same time injected with the biopreparation Dog-Stim-N-B. Results. Two-fold intramuscular injection to service dogs of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups of DogStim-N-B and Prevention-N-E biologics on the 61-63 and 68-69 day after birth increased blood hemoglobin concentration compared to 2 control.0-5.0 and 4.0-15.0 g/l, number of red blood cells - by 1.09 and 1,10 × 1012/l, the concentration of total protein - on 2.8-5.4 and 2.8-8.2 g/l, including the albumin fraction - on 2,5-3.4 and 3.3-4.3 g/l a γ-globulin - by 0.8-2.4 and 0.3-2.9 g/l. In addition, biologics contributed to an increase in plasma lysozyme activity and bactericidal activity of dog blood serum, which indicates an activation of the humoral link of the body's nonspecifc resistance. Conclusion. Biopreparation Dog-Stim-N-B and Prevention-N-E activate hematopoiesis, cause physiological eosinophilia, neutrophylopenia with neutrophilic nucleus shift to the right and lymphocytosis, stimulate protein exchange, synthesis of albumins and γ-globulins, increases cellular and humoral factors of non-specifc resistance


Author(s):  
Tharatorn Nuntawit ◽  
Wantin Sribenjalux ◽  
Atibordee Meesing

A 67-year-old man presented with headache, middle back pain that radiated to both legs, and paresthesia in the right leg for 1 day. He had eaten raw shrimp 1 week previously. Over the next week after admission, he developed urinary retention and weakness in both legs. The numbness in his right leg expanded to below the umbilicus. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spinal cord showed myelopathy with minimal cord swelling at T9 to the conus medullaris and a hemorrhagic lesion from T10 to T11. A complete blood count on day 28 after the onset of symptoms revealed leukocytosis without eosinophilia and no white blood cells in his cerebrospinal fluid. Results of an immunochromatographic test kit were positive for Angiostrongylus cantonesis but negative for Gnathostoma spinigerum. After a 4-week course of albendazole combined with a tapering dose of dexamethasone, he achieved nearly complete recovery.


Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 1161-1161
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Ikeda ◽  
Philip J Mason ◽  
Monica Bessler

Abstract Abstract 1161 Overexpression of high mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) has been identified in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), myelodysplastic syndromes, and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). Overexpression is often associated with truncation or deletions of the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of HMGA2 and is regulated by the binding of let-7-family micro RNAs to the 3′UTR of HMGA2 mRNA. PNH is an acquired hemolytic anemia caused by clonal expansion of a hematopoietic cell (PNH cell) with a somatic mutation in the X-linked PIGA gene occurring in the background of bone marrow (BM) failure. The PIGA gene is essential in the synthesis of GPI-floats, and therefore progeny cells of this clone lack all GPI-linked proteins. However, the nature of the clonal growth advantage of a PNH cell is unclear. Here, to clarify the role of expression of 3′UTR-truncated HMGA2 in hematopoiesis and clonal expansion of hematopoietic cells, we generated transgenic mice (ΔHmga2 mice) expressing an Hmga2 cDNA with a truncation which removes six of the seven let-7-complementary sequences in the 3′UTR, which is similar to the truncations of HMGA2 found in two patients with PNH (Inoue et al., Blood, 2006). Expression of Hmga2 mRNA and protein were both significantly higher in BM, spleen, and thymus of ΔHmga2 mice compared to wild-type (WT) mice, with overexpression being more prominent in protein rather than mRNA. Unexpectedly, ΔHmga2 mice showed proliferative hematopoiesis that mimicked an MPN-like phenotype with increased numbers of peripheral white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets, and low serum erythropoietin (EPO) values, hypercellular BM, and splenomegaly with extramedullary erythropoiesis compared to WT mice. Furthermore, colony assays of BM cells from ΔHmga2 mice showed significantly higher numbers of burst forming-unit erythroid, colony forming-unit erythroid (CFU-E), and CFU granulocyte-macrophage compared to those from WT mice. Formation of EPO-independent CFU-E was also observed. In competitive repopulation assays after BM transplant (BMT), BM cells from ΔHmga2 mice had a growth advantage over those from WT mice in all lineages. Surprisingly, cells derived from ΔHmga2 BM took over most of hematopoiesis during serial BMT with a ratio of 1:9 donor:recipient cells at the initial BMT, suggesting that overexpression of Hmga2 confers a clonal advantage to hematopoietic cells at the level of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC). We found significantly higher expression of phosphorylated Stat3 in BM HSC-enriched KLS (c-kit+lineage-Sca-1+) cells and phosphorylated Akt in total BM cells from ΔHmga2 mice compared to WT mice without stimulation by cytokines, suggesting that intrinsic activation of Stat3 and Akt may contribute to proliferative hematopoiesis in ΔHmga2 mice. Microarray analysis of KLS cells and megakaryocyte-erythrocyte progenitor (MEP) cells showed a wide range of differences, in part mimicking MPN. When we bred our mice with circulating PNH cells (Piga- mice) with ΔHmga2 mice, the ΔHmga2+Piga+ cells and ΔHmga2+Piga- cells showed similar growth kinetics, indicating that the lack of GPI-linked proteins did not add an additional clonal advantage to the ΔHmga2+ cells. In summary, our results showed that the overexpression of a 3′UTR-truncated Hmga2 leads to proliferative hematopoiesis with clonal advantage at the level of HSC, which may also explain the effect of HMGA2 expression on clonal expansion in PNH or MPN. Disclosures: Bessler: Alexion Pharmaceutical Inc: Consultancy; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Taligen: Consultancy.


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