scholarly journals The Cultural Industries of the North through the Eyes of Young Russians

Sibirica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-112

Beginning in the late 1920s, the central driving force responsible for the preparation of specialists for work in the Northern, Siberian, and Far Eastern regions of the Russian Federation has been the Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, St. Petersburg (Herzen University), primarily led by the Institute of the Peoples of the North. Here, linguists are trained in twenty-three languages of Northern indigenous minorities. Notably, several languages of these minority groups—such as Nganasan, Dolgan, Itelmen, Enets, Ul’ta—are taught only here. The university also provides training in the field of traditional cultures of indigenous peoples (methods of traditional applied arts and crafts of the peoples of the North; dance and musical folklore; museology, etc.). However, not all experts in Northern studies are aware of the educational programs and scientific schools within the Department of Theory and History of Culture at Herzen University, under which the committee for the defense of doctoral and candidate dissertations has been working jointly with the Institute of the Peoples of the North for thirty years. The chairman of the council, doctor of arts, Professor L. M. Mosolova is the founder of the department and the head of the scientific school for the study of the culture of the regions of Russia, the countries of Northern Europe, and Eurasia. A significant amount of research completed by students—from undergraduate to postgraduate levels—is dedicated to the history and current issues of the various regions of Russia, including Siberia, the Far East, and Northern Europe.

Asian Survey ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 722-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Clay Moltz

Because of its energy reserves and long history of economic links with North Korea, the Russian Far East could provide useful incentives needed to help convince Pyongyang to abandon its nuclear program. For this reason, the United States should begin crafting a regionally based strategy that includes Russia.


2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 20-31
Author(s):  
Sergey B. Slobodin ◽  
Alisa Yu. Zelenskaya

Purpose. To analyze the significance of V. Ogorodnikov’s 1929 article on finds from Olsky (Zaviyalova) Island in the historiography of archaeological research in northeastern Russia. Results. An analysis of his published materials, in the context of the history of archaeological research in Northeast Asia in the 18th – first quarter of the 20th century shows that this was, in fact, the first professional publication on archaeological research in this part of northeast Asia. Until that time, sporadic publications about random finds and their fragmentary descriptions did not give a holistic picture of human existence in these territories. It was also the first Russian archaeological publication post-revolution on the antiquities of the north of the Far East. However, Ogorodnikov’s article, from the day of its publication, was forgotten, and in all further archaeological research, both in Northeast Asia as a whole, and on Zaviyalova Island and in Taui Bay in particular, was not mentioned and was not analyzed by the archaeologists who conducted research there, although the conclusions made by him were confirmed by further work. This, apparently, was due to the fact that although he was a well-known Siberian historian and the first Dean of the Department of History of Irkutsk University, Ogorodnikov was unjustly repressed for political reasons in 1933 and died in 1938 in a Gulag camp. Despite the fact that he was politically rehabilitated in 1957, his name has not yet returned to the historiography of archeology of Northeast Asia. This publication aims to fill this gap. The Neolithic age of the archaeological materials declared and published by Ogorodnikov, previously unforeseen and not justified by anyone for Northeast Asia, was fully confirmed by further research. Conclusion. The publication by Ogorodnikov in 1929 featuring results of the first excavations in Taui Bay on Olsky (Zaviyalova) Island is a significant milestone in archaeological research in the North-East of Russia.


Author(s):  
Н.А. Левданская

Редкое исследование, посвященное современному художественному процессу, его участникам, обходится без употребления термина «школа». При этом его содержание трактуется очень широко: от сложившейся и действующей на протяжении большого отрезка времени системы полного цикла профессионального художественного образования до принадлежности художников одной территории или следования за лидером в выборе стилевых предпочтений. В статье дается краткий очерк истории появления и бытования термина «школа», предлагается уточнение его содержания в современных условиях и на этой основе предпринимается попытка оценить ситуацию с формированием региональных школ в России на примере Дальнего Востока. A rare study devoted to the contemporary art process, its participants, dispenses with the use of the term "school". At the same time, its content is interpreted very broadly: from the system of a full cycle of professional art education that has been established and has been operating for a long period of time to artists belonging to the same territory or following the leader in choosing style preferences. The article gives a brief outline of the history of the emergence and existence of the term "school", suggests clarifying its content in modern conditions and on this basis attempts to assess the situation with the formation of regional schools in Russia, using the example of the Far East.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.И. Крыловская

В марте 1950 года в Магадан приехала московская молодежная труппа оперетты. Это событие положило начало качественно новому этапу в истории музыкального театра Севера Дальнего Востока России. Статья посвящена деятельности этого молодого коллектива в 1950‒1953 годах, когда Магаданский музыкально-драматический театр находился в подчинении у руководства исправительно-трудовых лагерей Колымы. Приводятся сведения из неизвестных ранее архивных документов и материалов периодики. На их основе прослеживаются события в жизни коллектива, работа над репертуаром, постановочные проблемы; рецензии отражают восприятие и оценку современников. По мнению автора, деятельность труппы оперетты в начале 1950-х годов утвердила Магаданский музыкально-драматический театр как центр музыкальной культуры региона, стимулировавший развитие в нем профессионального исполнительства и музыкального образования. In March, 1950 the Moscow youth operetta troupe arrived in Magadan. This event laid the foundation for qualitatively new stage in the history of musical theatre of the North of the Far East of Russia. The article is devoted to the activity of this young collective in 1950‒1953 when the Magadan musical and drama theatre was under supervision at the management of labor camps of Kolyma. Data from unknown archival documents and materials of the periodical press are provided, serving the basis for tracing events in collective life, work on the repertoire, the production problems, reviews which reflected perception and assessment of contemporaries. The remained photo of the soloist of troupe is provided in the article, along with the first time published data and pictures of archival documents which were secret until the early 1990s. According to the author, activity of the operetta troupe in the early 1950s approved the Magadan Musical and Drama Theatre as the center of musical culture of the region stimulating development therein of professional performance and music education.


2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3/1) ◽  
pp. 114-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. N. CHERNOLUTSKAIA

The modern political history of the Russian Far East is poorly covered  in English language historiography. Of the last 30 years,  Western experts subjected to a certain analysis the period of the  1990searly 2000s, when the Russian society underwent rapid  transformations. Their scientific comprehension practically went in  real time, that imposed restrictions on the formulation of problems,  the depth of their analysis, the sources used. The issue of the power  transformation in the Far East is considered mainly within the  framework of the concept of center-peripheral relations. The works  of R. Valliant, F. Chang, S. Davis, and others reveals Moscow's policy  to control the region and tactics of regional leaders  trying to reduce this control. The authors describe such relations in  close connection with the development of federalism in the RF and its “asymmetry”. The publications reflect the evolution of the  regional political elite, the change of types of governors – from  “humanitarians” to “industrialists” and representatives of political  parties, describe the political portraits of the Far Eastern governors,  much attention is paid to the criminalization of power (R. Orttung,  etc.). A special type of regional power is highlighted by experts in  connection with the victory of three “resource oligarchs” in the 2000  gubernatorial elections, including R. Abramovich in Chukotka, that is  estimated in the publications as an “administrative revolution”, the  transition to corporate governance, in which all branches of power in  the region are concentrated in the hands of representatives of a  large resource corporation (N. Thompson, D. Anderson).


2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Aleksey A. Burykin ◽  

This publication is a review of a new book by A. A. Petrov devoted to the history of the study of the Tungus-Manchu languages in Russia from the 18th century till the beginning of the 21st century. Reference books of this type on the Tungus-Manchu languages and other languages of the peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of Russia have not been published for over 70 years, and they are especially relevant due to the increase in the volume of publications on these languages, a significant part of which are regional publications of universities and Siberian scientific centers. The main part of the book is the literature on the Tungus-Manchu languages dating back to the 20th century. It is divided into three periods: the pre-revolutionary period (1900—1917), the Soviet period (1917—1991), and the Russian post-Soviet period (1992—2000). There is a certain logic in this: the biographies of most researchers of the older generation fit into one period, and each period reflects certain trends in views on the subject and asks of the study. The book includes a number of supplements for reference. These applications make the book by A. A. Petrov a convenient textbook for students of specialized universities, a guide for refresher courses for teachers of the Tungus-Manchu languages and independent work of teachers, and a guide for foreign researchers who may have difficulties with the Russian bibliography on the subject. A. A. Petrov’s book is unambiguously useful as an everyday reference book of literature on the Tungus-Manchu languages, although, of course, researchers of biographies of scientists as well as researchers of some special problems of studying Tungus-Manchu languages will turn to other sources that provide special requests.


2021 ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
L. A. Mandrinina ◽  
V. V. Rykova

The article provides a brief overview of library local lore activity with an emphasis on the local lore direction in book studies and bibliography of the Siberian- Far Eastern region; names organizations providing information support for local lore activities of libraries; lists local lore resources on the websites of regional libraries in Siberia and the Far East. Special attention is paid to the resources generated by the State Public Scientific Technological Library of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which is the center for information support of local history research in Asian Russia, and obtains unique techniques to create regional databases, as well as highly qualified specialists. It presents a list of databases providing information support of theoretical and practical aspects of local history activity in the regional libraries. Authors give a detailed description of DB “Scientific Sibirika”, which includes regional material on a wide range of local history: history, ethnography, economy, nature and natural resources of certain territories of Siberia and the Far East, Arctic. It is shown that theoretical and methodological research in the field of library local history, individual persons, are presented in the “professional” DB “Librarianship and bibliography in Siberia and the Far East”, which has a special heading “Local lore activities of libraries in Siberia and the Far East”; the bibliologic direction of local lore is implemented in the bibliographic DB “History of books and book business in Siberia and the Far East”. The paper concludes about the importance of library local history in the library activities, and the need to attract information resources of large libraries for more complete implementation of local history research.


Author(s):  
Н.А. Панкратьева

Ювелирные украшения народов Амура — это важный элемент традиционной культуры, сформировавшийся под влиянием эстетических идеалов и являющийся отражением общности тунгусо-маньчжурского мира. Несмотря на обширность территорий и появление в XIX веке новых политических границ, семантика ювелирных украшений традиционного костюма была понятна и аборигенному населению Уссурийского края, и урбанизированному слою маньчжуров, освоивших города цинского Китая. Исследование базируется на предметах из фондовых коллекций Музея истории Дальнего Востока имени В.К. Арсеньева, часть которых ранее не представлялась широкому зрителю. Сегодня именно музейные собрания, сформированные в XIX – первой половине XX века, стали базой для изучения технологии и семантики ювелирных украшений народов Дальнего Востока. При производстве ювелирных изделий, бытовавших среди коренных малочисленных народов Дальнего Востока, использовались самые разнообразные технологии, и от их сложности зависело место производства. Это были или профессиональные ювелирные мануфактуры маньчжурского Китая, или нанайские и удэгейские мастера, работавшие в стойбищах. И в данном контексте можно говорить о широких торговых связях, существовавших благодаря обороту ювелирных изделий. Долговечность материалов, использовавшихся при создании произведений ювелирного искусства, стала важным фактором преемственности культурных парадигм при смене поколений. Комплекс украшений, сложившийся на Дальнем Востоке в Средние века, просуществовал несколько столетий, пережил череду государственных образований и сохранился до XX века, пока цивилизационный слом не вытеснил традиционный уклад жизни охотников и рыболовов вместе с костюмом из повседневного использования. Jewelry of the Amur peoples is an important element of traditional culture, formed under the influence of aesthetic ideals and reflecting the commonality of the Tungus-Manchurian world. Despite the vastness of the territories and the appearance of new political borders in the 19th century, the semantics of jewelry of traditional costume was understandable both to the aboriginal population of the Ussuri Region and to the urbanized stratum of the Manchus who mastered the cities of Qing China. The research is based on items from the stock collections of the Arsenyev Museum of the History of the Far East, some of which were not previously presented to the wide public. Today, it is the museum collections formed in the 19th – first half of the 20th centuries that have become the basis for studying the technology and semantics of jewelry of the peoples of the Far East. In the production of jewelry that existed among the indigenous peoples of the Far East, a wide variety of technologies were used, and the place of production depended on their complexity. Either they were professional jewelry manufactories of Manchurian China, or Nanai and Udege craftsmen who worked in the camps. And in this context, we can talk about broad trade relations that existed due to the turnover of jewelry. The durability of the materials used in the creation of works of jewelry art has become an important factor in the continuity of cultural paradigms with the change of generations. The jewelry complex that developed in the Far East in the Middle Ages lasted for several centuries, survived a series of state formations and survived until the 20th century, until the civilizational scrapping replaced the traditional way of life of hunters and fishermen, along with the costume, from everyday use.


Author(s):  
А.А. Даценко

Виталий Ильич Кандыба (1943–2016) — первый и на протяжении десятилетий единственный искусствовед в Приморском крае, преподаватель истории искусств в Дальневосточном институте искусств, арт-критик, разносторонне и глубоко погруженный в художественный процесс современного ему регионального искусства. Он не только представлял художников Дальнего Востока на всероссийском и всесоюзном уровне в советскую эпоху, но и в какой-то мере указывал направление развития дальневосточного искусства. Виталий Кандыба — автор книг об истории возникновения и путях развития изобразительного искусства Приморья, Хабаровского края, Амурской области с 1860-х до 1930-х годов, об образовании и деятельности Приморской организации Союза художников России, до сих пор являющихся обязательным источником для искусствоведов, посвятивших себя изучению творчества художников региона. Тем не менее его жизнь и творчество до настоящего времени недостаточно изучены. В статье делается попытка представить очерк творческой биографии В.И. Кандыбы, дать оценку роли и значения его деятельности. Vitaly I. Kandyba (1943–2016) is the first and for decades the only art critic in Primorye, a teacher of art history at the Far Eastern Institute of Arts, versatile and deeply immersed in the artistic process of contemporary regional art. He not only represented artists of the Far East at the All-Russian and All-Union level during the Soviet period, but also to some extent indicated the direction of development of Far Eastern art. Vitaly Kandyba is the author of books about the history of the emergence and development of fine art of Primorye, Khabarovsk Krai, Amur Region from the 1860s to the 1930s, about the formation and activities of the Primorye Organization of the Union of Artists of Russia, which are still a mandatory source for art historians who have devoted themselves to studying the creativity of artists of the region. Nevertheless, his life and work have not been sufficiently studied to date. The article attempts to present an outline of the creative biography of V.I. Kandyba, to assess the role and significance of his activities.


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