scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF FERTILIZER APPLICATION IN GROUPS OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS DEPENDING ON THE LEVEL OF WATER REGIME IN THE ROSTOV REGION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. N. Ilinskaya ◽  
◽  
V. A. Kulygin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Regime ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Rostov Region

Purpose: to determine the efficiency of mineral fertilizers and the agricultural crops response degree for the main groups (cereals, fodder, legumes and industrial crops, potatoes and vegetables) during irrigation in the aspect of resource saving. Materials and methods: the research was carried out in the Central irrigated zone of Rostov region (FSUE “Semikarakorskoe”). The object of research is different groups of agricultural crops, their reaction to the nutrient status at different levels of moisture supply. The soils of the experimental site are represented by ordinary chernozems. Field observations, research and data processing were carried out according to generally accepted methods: B. A. Dospekhov, A. N. Kostyakov, M. M. Goryanskiy. Results: as a result of the research, it was revealed that regardless the fertilizer status, the calculated water regime contributes to the agricultural crops yield increase by an average of 1.6–3.2 times in comparison with dry conditions. The calculated soil water regime contributed to a significant increase in the efficiency of fertilizers relative to rainfed growing conditions. Under different mineral fertilizers backgrounds, the maximum effect from their use increased: in the group of grain crops (spring barley) by 3.09 times, fodder (alfalfa of previous years) by 2.93 times, legumes (peas) by 2.86 times and potatoes by 4.25 times. Conclusions: the greatest effect from the fertilizers application under irrigation conditions was shown by potatoes, vegetables and grain crops. The highest return on fertilizers by an increase in yield was noted in the cultivation of alfalfa (12.67–13.83 kg) and Sudanese grass (22.00–23.44 kg), as well as potatoes (26.37–24.22 kg) and vegetable crops (22.6–33.4 kg). A severe water regime with a slight decrease in the yield of agricultural crops contributes to the irrigation water saving up to 1050–1580 m3/ha, which is very urgent under conditions of water scarcity.

scholarly journals Management of the water regime of soil to increase the vegetable crops yield with different irrigation methods in the south of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Evgeny Khodiakov ◽  
Askar Akhmedov ◽  
Evgeny Borovoy ◽  
Sergey Milovanov ◽  
Kirill Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Irrigation Regime ◽  
Moisture Capacity ◽  
Irrigation Network ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Crops Yield

Long-term researches on the cultivation of vegetable crops with different methods of irrigation in the Volgograd region have shown that their yield was primarily closely related to the improvement of the water regime of the soil. Its efficiency using drip irrigation increased with the introduction of mineral fertilizers, and using subsurface irrigation - with an improvement of the location of the irrigation network. The highest yield of beet with drip irrigation (82.4 t / ha) was obtained with an increase of the Soil Pre-Irrigation Moisture (SPIM) to 85% of Full Moisture Capacity (FMC) and fertilization doses - to N235P140K130 kg/ha. The highest yield of courgettes with drip irrigation of 83.7 t / ha was obtained while maintaining the similar irrigation regime and the quantity of fertilizers N240P99K110 kg/ha.The maximum cabbage yield in our experience with drip irrigation of 83.1 t / ha was achieved using the option that combines the maintenance of the irrigation regime 80-90-80 %FMC with the application of fertilizers at doses of N110P50K140 kg / ha. The highest yield of radish with subsurface irrigation of 79.8 t / ha was obtained while maintaining SPIM 85 % FMC in the field with the location of subsurface humidifiers at a distance of 1.2 m from each other.

scholarly journals DENITRIFICATION PECULIARITIES IN AGROCOENOSIS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS AND MICROBIAL PREPARATIONS

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 7-19
Author(s):  
V.V. Volkogon ◽  
S.B. Dimova ◽  
K.I. Volkogon ◽  
M.S. Komok ◽  
N.P. Shtan’ko
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Substrate Use ◽  
Biological Denitrification ◽  
Denitrification Activity ◽  
Nitrite Respiration

The paper shows the results of studies of denitrification activityin root zone of spring barley, maize and potato under the use of mineralfertilizers and microbial preparations. It was established that applicationof optimal for the plants growth and development doses of fertilizershad restrained the biological denitrification activity due to the bothplants assimilation of mineral nitrogen and deprivation of rhizosphericmicroorganisms with nitrite respiration substrate. Use of physiologicallyungrounded doses of fertilizers especially when combining withmicrobial preparations had led to the significant loses of nitrogen dueto the denitrification. Thereby the application of microbial preparationsin agricultural crops growing technologies should be performed onoptimal agricultural backgrounds keeping biological denitrification atits lowest levels.

scholarly journals Increasing the production of environmentally friendly high-quality vegetable products

2021 ◽  
Vol 843 (1) ◽  
pp. 012026
Author(s):  
E V Kalmykova ◽  
O V Kalmykova
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Vegetable Products ◽  
C Fiber ◽  
First Time

Abstract For the first time in the zone of chestnut soils, complex scientific studies of resource-saving methods for increasing the productivity of vegetable crops in an acutely arid climate by regulating physiological and biological processes during drip irrigation were conducted and a system for applying these methods was developed. Research in the experiment was carried out according to generally accepted methods. As research has shown, irrigation and the use of mineral fertilizers and a growth regulator to a certain extent affected the content of dry matter, vitamin C and raw fiber in the fruits of sweet pepper and other indicators. The maximum amount of dry matter was observed on the variant N300P180K165 + Rastvorin + Energy-M on the Pompeo F1 hybrid – 7.98 and 8.06%, respectively, according to irrigation modes. Indicators such as vitamin C, fiber and sugar content in fruits increased with the improvement of the nutritional and water regimes of sweet pepper growth. As the result of the variety study of vegetable crops of domestic and foreign selection, the best was the Pompeo F1 sweet pepper hybrid, which surpasses the standard variety of the Podarok of Moldova by 30.10 t/ha, on average for irrigation modes.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND INTRODUCTION OF NEW HIGH-POTENCY GROWTH REGULATOR FOR RESTORING SOIL FERTILITY IN ARID AREAS OF KAZAKHSTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (36) ◽  
pp. 315-333
Author(s):  
Kazhimukhan T ARYNOV ◽  
Zhailaubay ZHUBATOV ◽  
Abdirazah P AUESHOV ◽  
Gulnur M SARUAROVA ◽  
Nazgul M NURTAZA
Keyword(s):  
Brown Coal ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth Stimulation ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Republic

The object of the study is organic mineral fertilizers obtained from brown coal and vermicompost to increase the yield of grain and vegetable crops, as well as various tree varieties. The purpose of the study is the development and implementation of a new organomineral fertilizer to restore the fertility of soil and forests, reduce desertification, and increase the yield of agricultural crops. In the process, studies were carried out to select the optimal conditions for obtaining organomineral fertilizer s, determine their composition and structure, and establish the optimal concentration of the compound. As a result of the work carried out, several organomineral fertilizer with the effect of growth stimulation have been synthesized from a complex feedstock: brown coal and vermicompost, containing enzymes, amino acids, vitamins, organic acids, phytohormones, as well as a complex of minerals and trace elements. Laboratory and field experiments on the effect of the new organomineral fertilizer on vegetables, grain crops, and some trees were carried out. It has been discovered that the use of the new fertilizer increases the yield of grain crops by 4.2-4.7 dt/ha and vegetable crops by 2.4-3.2 t/ha. The use of this compound in the agrotechnical cultivation of coniferous trees increases 4.0-4.7 cm compared to the basic version of fertilizer. At the forest nursery of MPI “Bakanasskoe Forestry”, experiments on the effect of organic fertilization on the seeds of black saxaul are carried out on the territory of 1.0 hectares. Degree of implementation - applications for patents of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Eurasian Patent Office have been submitted. Based on the research results, it is planned to develop and introduce 1 compound into the practice of plant growth. The research results can find application in the following areas: agriculture and forestry, soil ecology and agrochemistry, biotechnology. Efficiency – the simplicity of production technology, multicomponent, good solubility in water, a low dose of application – 0.01% of the active ingredient (0.1 g per 100 l of water) or long shelf life, safety, a wide range of crops covered.

scholarly journals Sideration as an alternative to organic fertilizers and means to increase agrocenosis productivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
O. P. Chmel ◽  
Yu. O. Krypodereia ◽  
I. M. Bondar
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Biogenic Elements ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Fertilizer System

The results of studies of optimization processes of nutritional regime and biological activity of soil in the highly specialized grain-potato crop rotation (potatoes – spring barley – peas – winter wheat) for the use of sideratos on sod-podzolic soils of Polissia are presented. The role of sideration in comparison with the traditional fertilizer system in crop rotation with potato crop has been analyzed. It has been found that the alternative fertilizer system – siderate + NPK is not inferior to the indicators (content of NO3, P2O5, K2O) to the traditional system during all phases of crop development. The role of green fertilizers on the balance of biogenic elements, yield and soil fertility indicators has been determined. The use of siderata in intermediate crops will protect the soil from leaching of nutrients in the autumn, as they will be directed to the formation of biomass of the siderate and will help increase yields through the gradual return of the compounds of biogenic elements due to the mineralization of the sideral mass. Agro-climatic resources of the soil-climate zone are more effectively used for the use of green fertilizers, so in modern agriculture, sideration should be considered as an important chain of energy and resource-saving technologies in agriculture. Key words:sideration, organic farming, mineral fertilizers, humus, agrocenosis, nutrients, biogenic elements.

CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY ELEMENTS INFLUENCE ON NEW SPRING BARLEY BREWING VARIETIES YIELDS

1970 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
O. A. Artyukhova ◽  
O. V. Gladysheva ◽  
V. A. Svirina
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Mass Growth ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Cultivation Technology

The effect of applying various norms of mineral fertilizers on the biological indicators of crop plants during their growth and development in the Central non-black earth region in 2017-2019 was studied on the varieties of spring barley Vladimir, Reliable and Yaromir.such indicators as plant height, photosynthetic apparatus area, green mass growth, and elements of the yield structure were Studied. It was revealed that on average during the growing season, when the norms of mineral fertilizers were increased, the area of leaf plates increased and, as a result, the increase in green mass growth relative to the control variants increased by 56.3 % at (NРК)30, 82.3 % at (NРК)60, and 126.7 % at (NРК)90. The introduction of mineral fertilizers also influenced the formation of the crop structure. There was an increase in the tillering coefficient of varieties by 15.7%, 5.7 % and 21.3 % (Vladimir, Reliable and Yaromir, respectively) relative to the control, an increase in the number of grains in the ear from 15.1 to 22.4 PCs., the weight of 1000 grains from 48.0 to 55.7 g. and the weight of grain per ear from 0.7 to 1.2 g. There was a strong correlation between the doses of mineral fertilizers and the grain yield from + 0.80 to +1.0, and the variability was calculated.      

Productivity and quality of soybean seeds with different fertilization on podzolized chernozem

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (97) ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
H.M. Hospodarenko ◽  
◽  
I.V. Prokopchuk ◽  
K. P. Leonova ◽  
V.P. Boyko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Different Doses

The productivity of agricultural crops is the most variable and integral indicator of their vital activity, which accumulates their genetic potential, soil fertility, weather conditions and components of agricultural technology. Soybean under optimal growing conditions (the reaction of the soil is close to neutral, sufficient phosphorus and potassium nutrition, the use of nitraginization) assimilates from the air about 70 % of the total nitrogen requirement. Therefore, it is believed that it is enough to apply only a starting dose of nitrogen fertilizers (20–40 kg/ha a. s.), to get a high yield with good indicators of grain quality. The results of studies of the influence of long-term (8 years) application of different doses and ratios of fertilizers in field crop rotation on podzolized chernozem in the conditions of the Right -Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on the yield and quality of soybean seeds preceded by spring barley were presented. It was found that crop yields could be increased by 18–77 % owing to different doses, ratios and types of fertilizers. The highest indicators of seed yields for three years of the research (3,02 t/ha) were obtained under the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N110P60K80 per 1 ha of crop rotation area, including under soybean – N60P60K60. Exclusion of the nitrogen component from the complete fertilizer (N60P60K60) reduced its yield by 26 %, phosphorus – by 17, and potassium by 11 %. There was no significant decrease in soybean yield in the variant of the experiment with a decrease in the proportion of potassium in the composition of complete mineral fertilizer (N60P60K30) for three years of study. The largest mass of 1000 soybean seeds was formed at doses of N60К60 fertilizers, and their protein content — under the application of complete mineral fertilizer in doses of N60P60K60 and N60P60K30.

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