scholarly journals Increasing the production of environmentally friendly high-quality vegetable products

2021 ◽  
Vol 843 (1) ◽  
pp. 012026
Author(s):  
E V Kalmykova ◽  
O V Kalmykova
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Vegetable Products ◽  
C Fiber ◽  
First Time

Abstract For the first time in the zone of chestnut soils, complex scientific studies of resource-saving methods for increasing the productivity of vegetable crops in an acutely arid climate by regulating physiological and biological processes during drip irrigation were conducted and a system for applying these methods was developed. Research in the experiment was carried out according to generally accepted methods. As research has shown, irrigation and the use of mineral fertilizers and a growth regulator to a certain extent affected the content of dry matter, vitamin C and raw fiber in the fruits of sweet pepper and other indicators. The maximum amount of dry matter was observed on the variant N300P180K165 + Rastvorin + Energy-M on the Pompeo F1 hybrid – 7.98 and 8.06%, respectively, according to irrigation modes. Indicators such as vitamin C, fiber and sugar content in fruits increased with the improvement of the nutritional and water regimes of sweet pepper growth. As the result of the variety study of vegetable crops of domestic and foreign selection, the best was the Pompeo F1 sweet pepper hybrid, which surpasses the standard variety of the Podarok of Moldova by 30.10 t/ha, on average for irrigation modes.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF USE OF HORN- UNGULATED MEAL AND A ZEOLIC-CONTAINING FOSSIL MEAL FOR UNDERGROUND CROPS IN LIGHT-GRAY FOREST SOILS

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Леонид Шашкаров ◽  
Leonid Shashkarov ◽  
Иван Елисеев ◽  
Ivan Eliseev ◽  
Людмила Елисеева ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Fodder Beet ◽  
Gray Forest Soils ◽  
Root Crops

Investigations on light gray forest soils of the Chuvash Republic were carried out to study the effectiveness of the use of horn-ungulated meal or keratin as a nitrogenous organic fertilizer and zeolite-containing trefoil as a sorbent-type soil improver. The use of horn-ungulted meal as a nitrogen fertilizer of organic origin helps to enhance the biological activity of the soil. Observations during the vegetation period revealed a more intense coloration of the leaf surface, as well as an increase in the area of the assimilative surface of fodder beet and potatoes. The results of the determination of quality indicators has revealed the possibility of obtaining environmentally friendly products, as there has been a decrease in the content of nitrates in root crops fodder beet and potato tubers, increased dry matter content and sugar content in root crops fodder beet and in the tubers of potato dry matter and starch.The conducted studies have revealed the possibility of replacing the mineral form of nitrogen fertilizer with a nitrogen fertilizer of organic origin - horn-ungulated meal (keratin), which is a waste of the livestock industry. The joint application of zeolite-containing fossil meal together with horn-ungulated meal and phosphoric-potassium mineral fertilizers positively affected the increase in the use of nutrients from them not only in the row crops in the year of application, but also in the subsequent barley culture, increasing its yield and economic efficiency.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF FERTILIZER APPLICATION IN GROUPS OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS DEPENDING ON THE LEVEL OF WATER REGIME IN THE ROSTOV REGION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. N. Ilinskaya ◽  
◽  
V. A. Kulygin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Regime ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Rostov Region

Purpose: to determine the efficiency of mineral fertilizers and the agricultural crops response degree for the main groups (cereals, fodder, legumes and industrial crops, potatoes and vegetables) during irrigation in the aspect of resource saving. Materials and methods: the research was carried out in the Central irrigated zone of Rostov region (FSUE “Semikarakorskoe”). The object of research is different groups of agricultural crops, their reaction to the nutrient status at different levels of moisture supply. The soils of the experimental site are represented by ordinary chernozems. Field observations, research and data processing were carried out according to generally accepted methods: B. A. Dospekhov, A. N. Kostyakov, M. M. Goryanskiy. Results: as a result of the research, it was revealed that regardless the fertilizer status, the calculated water regime contributes to the agricultural crops yield increase by an average of 1.6–3.2 times in comparison with dry conditions. The calculated soil water regime contributed to a significant increase in the efficiency of fertilizers relative to rainfed growing conditions. Under different mineral fertilizers backgrounds, the maximum effect from their use increased: in the group of grain crops (spring barley) by 3.09 times, fodder (alfalfa of previous years) by 2.93 times, legumes (peas) by 2.86 times and potatoes by 4.25 times. Conclusions: the greatest effect from the fertilizers application under irrigation conditions was shown by potatoes, vegetables and grain crops. The highest return on fertilizers by an increase in yield was noted in the cultivation of alfalfa (12.67–13.83 kg) and Sudanese grass (22.00–23.44 kg), as well as potatoes (26.37–24.22 kg) and vegetable crops (22.6–33.4 kg). A severe water regime with a slight decrease in the yield of agricultural crops contributes to the irrigation water saving up to 1050–1580 m3/ha, which is very urgent under conditions of water scarcity.

scholarly journals Estimating maturity by measuring pH, sugar, dry matter, water and vitamin C content of cashew apple (Anacardium occidentale) from remote spectral reflectance data using neural network

2021 ◽  
pp. 1029-1034
Author(s):  
Eliane K. Assoi ◽  
Olivier K. Bagui ◽  
Benoit K. Kouakou ◽  
Adolphe Y. Gbogbo ◽  
Doudjo Soro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Bootstrap Method ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Calibration Model ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Cashew Apple

In agricultural sector, maturity is the main decision criterion for starting the harvest. This criterion is usually revealed by a number of parameters such as pH, sugar, dry matter, water and vitamin C, which are informative but technically tedious to measure. The cashew apple is the hypertrophied peduncle which is attached to the cashew nut. It is a nutritious (very juicy fruit (85 to 90% water), sweet (7 to 13% carbohydrates), acidic and vitamin C content) fruit with high therapeutic and medicinal properties. The cashew apple is used as a raw material for many industrial applications (juice and alcohol). This research was conducted as a preliminary step towards the development of a real-time remote sensing technique for assessing the quality of tropical fruits. Spectral acquisitions were carried out from intact cashew apple using optical system composed reflector coupled with spectrometer USB 4000 FL from Ocean Optics (350-1100 nm). Immediately after spectral acquisition, the samples were analyzed by using chemical methods (sugar content, dry matter content, water content, vitamin C and pH). Preprocessing treatment method, bootstrap method was required to create statistical new samples and to increase the number of samples required. This method was used to improve the predictive performance of calibration model. Statistical models of prediction were developed using an artificial neural network (ANN) method. The results obtained from the models built by ANN showed strong relationships between predicted and experimental values: (Rsquare = 0.9870, RMSE= 0.0262) for pH, (Rsquare=0.9869, RMSE=0.1392) for Sugar, (Rsquare=0.9726, RMSE=0.3333) for water content, (Rsquare=0.9703, RMSE=0.3464) for vitamin C and (Rsquare=0.9922, RMSE= 5.0304, RMSE=5.0304) for dry matter. These results confirm the potential of visible spectroscopy to predict quality parameters of cashew apples remotely and make decisions about best harvest time

scholarly journals Aplikasi Edible Coating Berbasis Pati Sagu dengan Penambahan Vitamin C pada Paprika : Preferensi Konsumen dan Mutu Mikrobiologi

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miskiyah ◽  
Widaningrum ◽  
C Winarti
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Edible Coating ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Sago Starch ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Organoleptic Evaluation ◽  
Perishable Commodity ◽  
Postharvest Handling

Paprika merupakan salah satu jenis sayuran yang memiliki prospek pasar yang terbuka dan cukup luas baik pasar lokal maupun ekspor. Namun demikian, karena paprika merupakan jenis sayuran yang tidak awet (perishable commodity), maka teknologi penanganan pascapanen yang baik diperlukan. Salah satu teknologi penanganan pascapanen yang dapat diterapkan pada paprika yaitu edible coating berbasis pati sagu. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi tingkat penerimaan konsumen dan mutu mikrobiologi paprika merah yang diberi perlakuan edible coating berbasis pati sagu dan vitamin C. Perlakuan yang diberikan untuk pengujian karakteristik organoleptik yaitu (a) konsentrasi asam askorbat 0, 0,5, dan 1,0%,  dan (b) lama pencelupan, yaitu 3 dan 5 menit. Sebagai kontrol dilakukan juga pengamatan terhadap paprika yang tidak diberi coating. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan coating tidak berpengaruh nyata pada penerimaan panelis (P&gt;0,05) terhadap atribut warna, aroma, tekstur, rasa, dan penerimaan keseluruhan paprika. Panelis dapat menerima perlakuan coating pada paprika, baik dengan maupun tanpa penambahan vitamin C. Lebih lanjut diketahui bahwa perlakuan coating dan penambahan vitamin C berpengaruh terhadap jumlah mikroba, ditandai dengan umur simpan paprika yang dapat lebih lama dari 3-7 hari.<br /><br /><br />Sweet pepper is one of vegetable crops that has good prospects either for local or export market. Nevertheless, sweet pepper is  a perishable commodity, so postharvest handling technology is needed. Edible coating based on sago starch is one of postharvest handling technology that is hopefully applicable for sweet pepper. This research was aimed to evaluate consumer’s acceptance and microbiological quality of red sweet pepper treated with edible coating based on sago starch and vitamin C. Treatments for organoleptic evaluation were (a) ascorbic acid concentration i.e. 0, 0.5, and 1.0%, and (b) dipping periods, i.e. 3 and 5 minutes. Sweet pepper without the edible coating was used as the control. The results showed that the coating treatment did not significantly  influent panelist acceptance  in term of color attribute, aroma, texture, taste, and entire sweet pepper. Panelists commonly accepted sweet pepper coating either with or without vitamin C. Furthermore, it was indicated that coating and vitamin C treatment had an effect to microbial content, signed by prolong storage life of sweet pepper till 3-7 days. <br /><br />

scholarly journals The effectiveness of resource-saving techniques for the cultivation of onions during irrigation in the conditions of the Lower Volga

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
E. V. Kalmykova ◽  
A. A. Novikov ◽  
N. Yu. Petrov ◽  
O. V. Kalmykova
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Irrigation Regime ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Vegetable Products ◽  
First Time

Relevance. The main areas under vegetables, including onions, are located in the south of Russia. Inclusion of vegetables in the list of food safety products with a threshold value of 90% will significantly increase the responsibility of agricultural workers at all levels for the production and sale of vegetable products. The purpose of the research is to justify the feasibility and effectiveness of cultivating promising varieties and hybrids of onions during irrigation in the Lower Volga region to obtain yields of 150 or more t/ha of high-quality products.Methods. For the first time in the area of chestnut soils, comprehensive scientific research was conducted on resource-saving techniques to increase the productivity of a vegetable crop in an extremely arid climate by regulating the physiological and biological processes during drip irrigation, and a system was developed for applying these techniques. Research in the experiment was carried out according to generally accepted methods.Results. The most significant increase in the onion crop was obtained on the variants of the complex application of the studied agricultural methods and amounted, on average, for 2011...2016 with an irrigation regime of 75...75...75% of HB on the standard variety Volgodonets – 159%, relative to the control, on a promising hybrid Octant F1 – 118%, on the hybrid – 125%. With the regime of 70...80...75% of HB on the Volgodonets standard grade – 155%, relative to control, on the promising Oktant F1 hybrid 113%, on the Valero F1 hybrid – 115%. When calculating the cultivation efficiency of this crop, economic data were obtained, the value of which allows us to conclude that when planning the growth of onion production efficiency, agricultural producers are recommended to introduce agricultural technology with a profitability of 253.63%: promising hybrid Octant F1, irrigation mode – differentiated, background N450P180K135+Mortar+Energy-M. Against this background, in the context of research on the variety and hybrids, the maximum return on production costs is 3.2 rubles. An analysis of data on a combination of crop-forming factors showed that for onions when cultivating promising hybrids Octant F1 and Valero F1, when planning yields of 130 and 150 t/ha, it is necessary to maintain a moisture level of 70...80...75% HB, and when grown without fertilizers and when planning 110 t/ha it is enough to create a permanent irrigation regime.

scholarly journals Biochemical Indicators and Nitrates in Potatoes during Storage: Modern Cultivation Techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
Алексей Бутов ◽  
Alexey Butov ◽  
Анна Мандрова ◽  
Anna Mandrova
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Biochemical Indicators ◽  
High Doses

It featured the dynamics of the biochemical parameters of potato tubers in the autumn and winter storage peri- od. The samples were gathered in 2011–2013 during field experiments. The experiments included 12 various doses and ratios of mineral fertilizers under drip irrigation. The soil was leached chernozem (Voronezh region). During 3 storage periods (Sep- tember–April), the content of vitamin C in moderately fertilized tubers decreased by 3.0–3.2 times. The content of vitamin C in heavily fertilized tubers decreased by 3.3–3.4 times. The loss of dry matter and starch at small and moderate doses of fertilizers N30-60P90-120K60-90 amounted to 1.4–1.5 and 1.0–1.1%. The loss of dry matter and starch from high doses of fertilizers N120-150P180-210K150-180 equaled 1.6–2.0 and 1.4–1.7%. The content of nitrates in the tubers gradually decreased during stor- age, and the greatest decrease occurred in April. For moderately fertilized tubers, the residual amount decreased by 3.2–3.3 times by April. For heavily fertilized tubers, it decreased by 2.5–2.9 times against 3.7 times in the control sample. Enhanced nitrogen and nitrogen-potassium fertilizer worsened all the biochemical indicators of the potatoes. In order to maintain optimal biochemical pa- rameters of tubers during storage, the proportion of phosphorus (kg/ha of active substance) had to be increased by 1.5–1.7 times as related to nitrogen. The share of potassium was increased by 1.3 times. The best results (yield = 37.8 t/ha, optimal biochemical pa- rameters, concentration of nitrates = 36.6 mg/%) were achieved by drip irrigation and application of N90P150K120 kg/ha of active ingredient. A dose of N120P180K150, (yield – 41.5 t/ha) was found beneficial, provided the potatoes were filled separately from the total pile. Such potatoes have to be sold at the end of the storage period, when the concentration of nitrates in tubers becomes 2.5– 2.9 times lower.

scholarly journals Biochemical evaluation of the assortment of pumpkin vegetable crops for the creation of functional food products

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012093
Author(s):  
Medelyaeva A Yu ◽  
A F Bukharov ◽  
Yu V Trunov ◽  
I B Kirina ◽  
L V Titova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
High Water ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
High Yields

Abstract It is known that vegetables are sources of vitamins, biologically active substances, antioxidants and other vital micronutrients. In particular, pumpkin vegetable crops (zucchini, squash) contain all the necessary mineral salts, vitamins, trace elements, pectin substances, ascorbic acid and not too many sugars. Varieties of vegetable crops are characterized by a diverse biochemical composition and are suitable to various degrees for obtaining processed products for therapeutic, preventive and functional purposes. The article considers the assortment of zucchini and squash by yield and the most important indicators of the biochemical composition of the fruit: the content of dry substances, sugars, vitamin C; the accumulation of nitrates in the fruit. High water content of zucchini and squash fruits (94-96%), low sugar content ( 1.5-3.5%) were found. Squash has a higher yield (25-90 t / ha), compared to zucchini (4-11 t/ha). Nevertheless, zucchini contain 3-4 times more vitamin C in the fruit and accumulate 3-4 times less nitrates than squash, having almost 10 times more of vitamin value. At the same time, squash is 2-3 times less than zucchini, accumulating nitrates. Of the 7 studied varieties of zucchini, the hybrid Belogor F1 and the variety Tsukesha were distinguished, which have high yield, high fruit quality and vitamin value. Of the 15 studied varieties of squash, the varieties Perlinka, Pyatachok and Tabolinsky were identified, which have high yields, high fruit qualities and vitamin value, and weakly accumulate nitrates.

scholarly journals Application of different compost doses in Pinova and Golden Delicious apple orchards

2013 ◽  
pp. 91-94
Author(s):  
Anita Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Golden Delicious

Nowadays the success vegetable and fruit production are unimaginable without regular nutrient management. The animal husbandry is getting decrease, thereby there is the lack of organic fertilizer and it is suggested to find alternative nutrient supply methods. One of the ways to supply the required nutrients in an environmentally friendly way is the application of composts, which is less widespread so far, which is appropriate for the requirement of organic farming. From the year of 2010 in each year, compost doses were applied in biological apple orchards in cooperation with the Institute of Horticultural Science. In the function of the years different changes were resulted by the compost treatments in the examined parameters in case of both apple species (Golden Delicious and Pinova). It was concluded that the dry matter, ash, total acids, sugar content and the vitamin C changed versus time and species. It is supposed that the effect of compost treatments is getting visible. According to the data higher dry matter, total acids and sugar content, (in some cases) ash were measured in case of the apple species Pinova, while the measurements showed higher vitamin C content in case of the species Golden Delicious.

scholarly journals Phytoplasma testing in sweet pepper in Moldova

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Zamorzaeva ◽  
◽  
Aighiuni Bahsiev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Diagnosis ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Insect Vectors ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Agriculture Economics ◽  
Solanaceae Family ◽  
First Time

Phytoplasma infects a wide variety of crops, causing considerable economic losses. About half of the vegetable crops damaged by phytoplasma belong to the Solanaceae family including tomato, eggplant and pepper which play an important role in the agriculture economics of Moldova. Our previous research confirmed the presence of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ (16SrXII-A subgroup) in tomatoes and also identified insect vectors. In this communication, we present for the first time in Moldova the results of molecular diagnosis of association of ‘Ca. P. solani’ in 4% of the analyzed sweet pepper samples. ‘Ca. P. asteris’ group was absent in the pepper field.

scholarly journals Biochemical characterization of fruits of Lycium spp. in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
M. Zhurba ◽  
O. Vergun ◽  
S. Klymenko ◽  
I. Szot
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Β Carotene

Fruits of Lycium possess therapeutic properties due to which they are used in traditional and folk medicine and can be used as a kind of functional food. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biochemical characterization of Lycium L. (L. barbarum L., L. chinense Mill. and L. truncatum Y. C. Wang) fruits for 16 cultivars and varieties from the collections in the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv). This study was aimed at determining the concentration of nutrients in the Lycium fruits. Individual genotypes of three Lycium species: L. barbarum, L.chinense, and L. truncatum, differed in such features as the content of dry matter, sugars, vitamin C, β-carotene, acidity, and tannins in the fruit. Fruits of Lycium spp. are a valuable source of nutrients such as vitamin C (4.38–121.0 mg 100g–1 FW), β-carotene content (1.45–5.52%), and tannin (0.12–1.34%). The sugar content (13.83–20.87%) and acidity of the fruit (0.23–4.62%) meet the consumers' requirements for fresh fruit. The cultivar Amber Sweet (L. chinense) had fruits of which the similarities between biochemical characteristics of different studies genotypes were the lowest. The cv. Amber Sweet was characterized by fruit with high sugar content, very high vitamin C content, average acid content, low tannins and β-carotene content, and the lowest dry matter content. Furthermore, a distinctive feature of the other tested genotypes was the yellow colour of the fruit. The data obtained can be used for further selective work.

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