RENDEMEN DAN KUALITAS MINYAK ATSIRI EUCALYPTUS PELLITA PADA BERBAGAI WAKTU  PENYIMPANAN BAHAN BAKU

Forest harvesting waste in the form of Ecalyptus pellita leaves can be utilized to be essential oil by distillation process. The research aimed to 1) to know the effect of duration of leaf storage on yield and quality of essential oil produced, 2). Comparing the quality of E.pellita leaves essential oil with eucalyptus oil according to SNI. Methods taken by taking E. pellita leaf waste were then stored for 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 days then steam distillation and measured rendemen, specific gravity, sineol content and refractive index. The average oil yield of E.Pellita is 0.15% with the highest yield of 0.4593% in leaves stored for 3 days. The best essential oil quality comes from leaves that have been stored for 3 days with specific gravity of 0.9186, 60% sineol content, refractive index 1.4603 and 80% alcohol solubility by 1: 1.

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Fertilizer studies in coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600032706 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 100 (1) ◽

pp. 251-252

Author(s):

E. V. S. Prakasa Rao ◽

Munnu Singh ◽

M. R. Narayana ◽

R. S. Ganesha Rao ◽

B. R. Rajeswara Rao

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Steam Distillation ◽

Oil Quality ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽

Local Varieties ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Phosphorus And Potassium ◽

Nitrogen Phosphorus

Coriander is an important aromatic plant of India. On steam distillation, the seeds yield a colourless or pale yellow volatile essential oil, which is used for flavouring food products, liqueurs, alcoholic beverages and perfumes. Coriander is also used in the synthesis of vitamin A (Bedoukian, 1967). The Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants introduced several Bulgarian selections of coriander and evolved a superior variety, CIMPO S-33. This variety contains more essential oil (about 1·5%) than the local varieties available in India (0·2–0·3%) (Dimri, Khan & Narayana, 1976). Earlier work on coriander has shown that application of N (Bhupinder Singh et al. 1979) and N, P and K (Vagujfalvi, 1964) increases seed and oil yields of coriander. Information on nutrient uptake by coriander and on the effect of fertilizers on coriander oil quality is not available in India. The present experiment was designed to study the effect of different rates of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application on seed yield, yield and quality of essential oil and N, P and K uptake by coriander (cv. CIMPO S-33).

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Improving yield and quality characteristics of kaffir lime oil (citrus hystrix DC) by solid fermentation pretreatment using tempeh yeast

Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences ◽

10.11113/mjfas.v16n4.1525 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 493-496

Author(s):

Vivi Nurhadianty ◽

Aji Hendra Sarosa ◽

Ida Wahyuningsih ◽

Chandrawati Cahyani

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Industrial Development ◽

Fermentation Process ◽

Steam Distillation ◽

Trichoderma Viride ◽

Distillation Process ◽

Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽

Industry Standard ◽

Yield And Quality

The industrial development of flavor and fragrance currently leads to natural ingredients. Kaffir lime is a potential ingredient developed from Indonesia, but distillation of essential oil in Indonesia generally results in low yields and quality. Fermentation as the initial treatment of distillation would improve the yield and quality of essential oil. The fermentation process is usually performed as pretreatment using cellulolytic bacteria such as Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma viride, or Trichoderma reesei, but the use of those bacteria is considered less practical for essential oil distillation process. Therefore, this research utilized tempeh yeast to increase yield and quality of essential oil. Since tempeh yeast consists of Rhizopus producing hyphae, it is expected that hyphae are able to penetrate the tissue, making it easier for oil to get out of the leaves. The aerobic fermentation process was carried out by continuous addition of air inside the fermenter with air compressor. Fermentation was observed within four days. The distillation was performed by using steam distillation method. The result of this study showed that leaf lime essential oil with fermentation process of day 3 produced the highest yield of 0.67%, which increased 20% compared to non-fermented leaves. The composition of leaf lime essential oil was 87.92% Citronellal, 1% β- caryophyllene, 0.3% Citronellal acetate, 0.9% Citronellol, and 1.77% linalool, which comply to local industry standard.

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Prediksi Kadar Air Bubuk Biji Kakao Menggunakan Nirs Dengan Metode PLS

Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian ◽

10.17969/jimfp.v1i1.1157 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1069-1076

Author(s):

Hasmayani Hasmayani ◽

Rita Khathir ◽

Mustafril Mustafril

Keyword(s):

Refractive Index ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Specific Gravity ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Raw Material ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Fresh Material ◽

Index Value ◽

Red Ginger

Abstrak. Minyak atsiri jahe merah merupakan salah satu komoditas dari hasil budidaya jahe merah. Jenis minyak ini didapatkan dengan cara penyulingan jahe merah yang berumur sekitar 10 bulan hingga 1 tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kajian pengkondisian bahan baku terhadap rendemen dan mutu minyak atsiri yang dihasilkan dari penyulingan jahe merah. Pengkondisian bahan baku jahe merah dilakukan dengan 2 taraf yaitu jahe merah segar dan jahe merah yang dikeringanginkan selama 24 jam dengan 2 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen minyak atsiri dari penyulingan jahe merah segar diperoleh 0,0705%, sedangkan rendemen pada penyulingan jahe merah dikeringanginkan 0,0435%. Hasil Nilai indeks bias minyak atsiri jahe merah segar diperoleh sebesar 1,4885 sedangkan nilai indeks bias jahe merah dikeringanginkan diperoleh sebesar 1,4885. Nilai bobot jenis minyak atsiri pada penyulingan jahe merah segar diperoleh sebesar 0,90423 dan bobot jenis minyak atsiri jahe merah yang dikeringanginkan sebesar 0,89679. Kelarutan dalam alkohol minyak atsiri jahe merah segar dan jahe merah dikeringanginkan jernih pada perbandingan 1:5.The study of raw material conditioning to the quality of the red ginger essential oil Abstract. Red ginger essential oil is one commodity from the cultivation of red ginger. These types of oils obtained by distillation of red ginger have old after 10 months to 1 year cultivation. This study aimed to determine the effect of raw materials conditioning to the yield and quality of essential oils produced. The raw materials conditioning red ginger is done with two levels i.e fresh red ginger and air-dried red ginger about 24 hours under 2 repeated. The results showed that the yield of essential oil obtained by distillation of fresh red gingerwas 0.0705%, while the yield on the distillation of air- dried red was ginger 0.0435%. Refractive index value of red ginger essential oil from fresh material was 1.4885 while the refractive index of air-dried red ginger driedwas 1.4885. Furthermore, the specific grafity of at the distillation of fresh red ginger obtained at 0.90423 and the specific gravity of red ginger essential oil is dried at 0.89679. Solubility in alcohol red ginger essential oil of fresh and dried red gingerwere clearly at a ratio of 1: 5.

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Influence of amounts and methods of potassium application on yield and quality of citronella Java (Cymbopogon winterianus)

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600075195 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 115 (2) ◽

pp. 247-252 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

K. Singh ◽

A. Chowdhury ◽

K. Subrahmanyam ◽

B. N. Chatterjee ◽

D. V. Singh

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Nutrient Uptake ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Perennial Grass ◽

Oil Quality ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Cymbopogon Winterianus ◽

Potassium Application

SUMMARYField experiments were conducted during 1983–85 and 1984–86 on an entisol at Lucknow, India. Dry herbage, essential-oil yields and nutrient uptake increased significantly with the application of 83 kg K/ha. Considering the means from both experiments over a two-year cropping cycle, the application of 41·5 kg K/ha in four splits exceeded the zero K control by 6·8 t/ha (dry matter) and 233 kg/ha (oil), and exceeded a basal application of 83 kg/ha K by 2·8 t/ha (dry matter) and 109 kg/ha (oil). Amounts and methods of K application showed no effect on oil quality. Application of 41·5 kg K/ha in four splits, one after each harvest, is recommended to obtain maximum yields in this perennial grass.

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Penyulingan Minyak Atsiri Sereh Dapur (Cymbopogon Citratus) Dengan Metode Penyulingan Air-Uap

Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian ◽

10.17969/jimfp.v1i1.1085 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1009-1016

Author(s):

Zaituni Zaituni ◽

Rita Khathir ◽

Raida Agustina

Keyword(s):

Refractive Index ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Specific Gravity ◽

Cymbopogon Citratus ◽

Water Steam ◽

Lemongrass Oil ◽

Lemongrass Essential Oil

Abstrak. Minyak atsiri sereh dapur diperoleh dari hasil penyulingan tanaman sereh dapur. Minyak sereh dapur merupakan sumber sitral yang merupakan konstituen utama dari minyak tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mutu minyak atsiri yang dihasilkan dengan metode penyulingan air-uap (water and steam destillation). Bagian tanaman sereh dapur yang digunakan yaitu bagian batang dan daun yang disuling menggunakan alat penyulingan air dan uap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen minyak atsiri sereh dapur dari penyulingan bagian daun diperoleh sebesar 0,399 % 10 kali lipat lebih besar dari rendemen minyak atsiri sereh dapur pada bagian batang (0,039 %). Bobot jenis minyak atsiri sereh dapur pada daun 0,8987 dan pada batang 0,8940. Indeks bias minyak atsiri sereh dapur pada daun 1,4876 dan pada batang 1,4880. Kelarutan dalam alkohol 70% minyak atsiri sereh dapur dari daun dan batang mempunyai tingkat kelarutan keruh pada perbandingan 1:5. Berdasarkan rendemen dapat disimpulkan bahwa bagian yang lebih menguntungkan untuk disuling adalah daun. Berdasarkan parameter mutu yang dianalisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa minyak atsiri sereh dapur dari bagian batang dan daun sudah memenuhi standar Essential Oil Association (EOA).The Destillation of Lemongrass Essential Oil by Using the Water-steam Method Abstract. Lemongrass essential oil is obtained from the distillation of lemongrass plant. The main content of this oil is sitral content. This study aimed to determine the quality of essential oil produced by the method of water-steam destillation. The experiment was done by water-steam destillation of stalks and leaves of lemongrass, respectively, under 3 repeatations. Lemongrass essential oil obtained from leaves was 0,399%, which is 10-fold greater than the yield of the stalks (0,039%). The specific gravity of Lemongrass essential oil obtained from leaves was 0,8987 where as the specific gravity of Lemongrass essential oil obtained from stalks was 0.8940. The refractive index of lemongrass oil obtained from leaves was 1.4876 while the refractive index of lemongrass oil obtained from stalks was 1.4880. Based on solubility in 70% alcohol test, lemongrass essential oil obtained from the leaves and stalks were a little bit cloud at a ratio of 1: 5. Based on its yield, it can be concluded that the leave plant produced more oil. However, the quality of both oils showed that lemongrass essential oil met the EAO Standard.

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Ekstraksi Minyak Atsiri Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) dengan Lama Waktu Penyulingan yang Berbeda

Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia ◽

10.18343/jipi.25.4.653 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 653-656

Author(s):

Maya Damayanti ◽

Sarifah Nurjanah ◽

Anas Bunyamin ◽

Totok Pujianto

Keyword(s):

Refractive Index ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Specific Gravity ◽

Steam Distillation ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Acid Number ◽

Added Value ◽

Distillation Method ◽

Pandanus Amaryllifolius

The leaves of pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) are known as food flavor and can be extracted to produce essential oil. Extraction of its essential oil is usually conducted by distillation method that would give added value for this plant. This study aimed to study the effect of different durations of distillation process on the essential oils yield and quality of pandanus using water and steam distillation method. The method used in this research was experimental method with descriptive analysis. This research used five variants duration of distillation, which was repeated two times. The duration of distillation consisted of 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, 8 hours, and 10 hours. The parameters observed to determine the best treatment consisted of the amount of yield produced and the quality parameters including specific gravity, refractive index, acid number, solubility in ethanol 90%, and ester number. Based on the results of the research conducted, distillation to produce the best yield is the duration of 8 hours with a yield value of 0.55%, while distillation to produce the best quality is the duration of 6 hours with a specific gravity of 1.0563 g/mL, refractive index 1.3473, the acid number was 3.274 mg KOH/g, solubility in ethanol 90% (1:1), and ester number of 96.06 mL HCl/g. Keywords: essential oil, pandan wangi, water and steam distillation

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Essential Oil Steam Distillation: Manufacturing 4.0

JOURNAL OF BIOENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY APPLIED TO HEALTH ◽

10.34178/jbth.v4i3.170 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 95-99

Author(s):

Carlos Alberto Tosta Machado ◽

Herman Augusto Lepikson ◽

Matheus Antônio Nogueira de Andrade ◽

Paulo Renato Câmera da Silva

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Steam Distillation ◽

Capacity Utilization ◽

Oil Extraction ◽

Smart Sensors ◽

Distillation Process ◽

Operational Flexibility ◽

Automatic Learning ◽

Quality Of Products

Smart sensors, self-configuration, operational flexibility, and automatic learning, among others, are technological attributes from industry 4.0 appliable to the essential oil extraction by the steam distillation process. These operations are recognized by their simplicity. Nevertheless, lack of automatic controls, process monitoring, and self-adjustment lead to uncontrolled extraction, poor yields, low quality of products. It occurs because of overexposure to high temperatures and overspending resources like energy and water. As far as capacity utilization is concerned, the optimized process is key to planning and managing the production activities.

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Pengaruh Absorben terhadap Kualitas Fisik Minyak

Science and Physics Education Journal (SPEJ) ◽

10.31539/spej.v1i1.74 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Tri Ariani

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Refractive Index ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Free Fatty Acid ◽

Specific Gravity ◽

Oil Quality ◽

Aloe Vera ◽

Edible Oil ◽

Cooking Oil

This study aims to determine the effect of aloe vera juice (absorbent) on the quality of cooking oil. Both types of oil are used to fry up to five times the frying pan to fry the tempeh weighing 1000 grams at a temperature of 180C. Furthermore, the oil that has been used up to five times the frying recycled again, by clarifying it using aloe vera juice. To determine the quality of oil used parameters of viscosity, specific gravity, refractive index, and free fatty acids. From the results of the research, it is found that the longer the number of fryers resulted in decreased oil quality. This can be seen from the increase in the number of parameters measured ie the viscosity, density, free fatty acid and decrease in the number of refractive index parameters. After the purification using aloe vera juice, the quality of oil is getting better. It is characterized by the decrease of viscosity, density and free fatty acid. Keywords: Absorbent, Edible Oil

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Influence of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Agronomic Traits, Essential Oil and Components under Semi-Arid Climate

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11071427 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1427

Author(s):

Gulen Ozyazici

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Coriandrum Sativum ◽

Inorganic Fertilizers ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Biological Yield

Environmental contamination and the excessive use of inorganic fertilizers resulting in stagnant yields of field crops which necessitate the utilization of combined fertilization approach under changing climatic conditions. Current study was aimed to clarify the influence of several fertilizer sources (chemical, organic, organomineral fertilizers) on yield and quality of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). The results revealed that the fertilizer sources significantly affected the yield of coriander cultivars. The absence of “Year x Variety x Fertilizer Type” interactions for any of the noted parameters signaled that the detected “Variety x Fertilizer Type” interactions were constant regardless of the year factor. The recorded values of traits according to fertilizer sources different for the plant height from 61.85 to 69.67 cm, number of branches from 5.98 to 7.71 (piece/plant), number of umbels per the main umbel from 5.62 to 7.18 pieces, seed yield from 1.06 to 1.66 t/ha, the biological yield from 4.29 to 5.70 t ha−1, harvest index from 25.29 to 29.41%, essential oil ratio from 0.29 to 0.33%, and essential oil yield from 3.1 to 5.6 L ha−1. Erbaa variety was observed to be superior over the rest of the varieties producing the maximum values of 6.5 L ha−1 of essential oil, 0.36% essential oil content, 30.9% harvest index, 1.81 t/ha seed yield, and 5.9 t ha−1 biological yield with the treatment of chemical fertilizers.

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Innovation in a Continuous System of Distillation by Steam to Obtain Essential Oil from Persian Lime Juice (Citrus latifolia Tanaka)

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26144172 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (14) ◽

pp. 4172

Author(s):

José Daniel Padilla-de la Rosa ◽

Magaly Dyanira Manzano-Alfaro ◽

Jaime Rosalío Gómez-Huerta ◽

Enrique Arriola-Guevara ◽

Guadalupe Guatemala-Morales ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Oil Recovery ◽

Steam Distillation ◽

Optical Rotation ◽

Process Time ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Distillation Process ◽

Steam Consumption ◽

Lime Juice ◽

Oil Fractions

The citrus industry is one of the most important economic areas within the global agricultural sector. Persian lime is commonly used to produce lime juice and essential oil, which are usually obtained by batch distillation. The aim of this work was to validate a patented continuous steam distillation process and to both physically and chemically characterize the volatile fractions of essential Persian lime oil. Prior to distillation, lime juice was obtained by pressing the lime fruit. Afterwards, the juice was subjected to a continuous steam distillation process by varying the ratio of distillate flow to feed flow (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6). The distillate oil fractions were characterized by measuring their density, optical rotation, and refractive index. Gas chromatography GC-FID was used to analyze the chemical compositions of the oil fractions. The process of continuous steam distillation presented high oil recovery efficiencies (up to 90%) and lower steam consumption compared to traditional batch process distillation since steam consumption ranged from 32 to 60% for different steam levels. Moreover, a reduction in process time was observed (from 8 to 4 h). The oil fractions obtained via continuous steam distillation differed significantly in their composition from the parent compounds and the fractions.

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