scholarly journals Spatial distribution and seasonal pattern of biogenic sulphur compounds in snow from northern Victoria Land, Antarctica

1998 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 535-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Udisti ◽  
R. Traversi ◽  
S. Becagli ◽  
G. Piccardi

A study of the spatial and temporal distribution of methane sulphonic aeid (MSA) and nssSO42-concentrations in snow-pit samples was performed to determine the main and secondary sources, transport effects and seasonal pattern of biogenic sulphur compounds. Four snow pits, about 3 m deep, excavated at the same time at different altitudes (870-2960 m a.s.1.) in northern Victoria Land, Antarctica, gave coherent information about the effect of altitude and seasonality on the snow chemical composition. A progressive, well-defined decreasing concentration trend is shown as altitude increases, with the biggest effect in the first 1000 m a.s.1. At higher altitudes, biogenic sources make the most important contribution to the tola! sulphate balance with respect to sea-mray input. Particular attention was paid to the relationship between MSA and nssSO42-by using MSA as a univoca] biogenic marker. The nssSO42-/MSA ratio was evaluated with respect to altitude and seasonality to determine the effect of transport mechanisms (such as long-range transport and fractionation) or non-dimethyl sulphide sources on nssSO42-snow content.

2016 ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Mariana Giaretto ◽  
Victoria Naffa

ResumenEn este trabajo analizamos las relaciones entre tomas de tierras y Estado, en elAlto Valle de Río Negro en Argentina. En un contexto general de especulacióninmobiliaria, por la que se encarecen los precios de alquileres y terrenos, y depolíticas de vivienda selectivas y acotadas, los sectores populares acceden aun espacio en la ciudad mediante tomas de tierras. Frente a estos conflictos,el Estado, en sus diferentes niveles y poderes, despliega una forma deintervención basada en la criminalización de las luchas por tierra y vivienda.Al mismo tiempo, el poder ejecutivo nacional crea la Secretaría de Acceso alHábitat, para posibilitar la intervención política orientada a la regularizaciónde los asentamientos. Sin embargo, esta intervención tiende a reinscribir laproblemática habitacional en el campo político, para reducirla a un conflicto“entre partes”, eludiendo la responsabilidad estatal.Desde un enfoque metodológico cualitativo, seleccionamos como referenteempírico el caso del asentamiento de Villa Obrera en Fiske, Menuco (Gral.Roca), y las técnicas de recolección de datos se basan en fuentes secundarias,como expedientes judiciales y normativa, y en fuentes primarias como son losrelatos de los protagonistas mediante entrevistas individuales y colectivas.Palabras clave: tomas de tierras, Estado, criminalización de los conflictos.Conflicts caused by land occupation and modesof State intervention: analysis of an experience ofAlto Valle in Río Negro (Argentina)AbstractThis paper analyzes the relationship between State and land occupation,at Alto Valle in Río Negro, Argentina. In a general context of real estatespeculation, where rents and land prices are expensive, and a policy ofselective and limited housing, popular sectors can have access to a spacein the city through land occupation. In front of these conflicts, the Statein its different levels and powers, displays a form of intervention basedon the criminalization of struggles for land and housing. At the sametime, the national executive creates the Secretariat of Access to Habitat,oriented to allow political intervention for the regularization of settlements.However, this intervention tends to re-register the housing problems in thepolitical arena, reducing it to a conflict “between parties” and eluding theresponsibility of the State.From a qualitative methodological approach, we selected as empirical referencethe case of the settlement of Villa Obrera in Fiske, Menuco (GeneralRoca). The techniques of data collection are based on secondary sources, suchas policy and legal records, and primary sources as the stories of protagoniststhrough individual and collective interviews.Keywords: land occupation, State, criminalization of conflicts.Conflitos sobre ocupações de terras e modos deintervenção do estado: análise de uma experiênciado Alto Valle do Rio Preto (Argentina)ResumoEste trabalho analisa as relações entre a posse de terra e o Estado, no AltoValle do Rio Preto, na Argentina. Num contexto geral da especulaçãoimobiliária, por qual se encarecem os preços do aluguel e das terras, e depolíticas de habitação seletivas e limitadas, os setores populares acedem aum espaço na cidade através de ocupações de terras. Frente a estes conflitos,o Estado, em seus diferentes níveis e poderes, desenvolve uma forma deintervenção com base na criminalização das lutas pela terra e vivenda. Aomesmo tempo, o poder executivo nacional cria a Secretaria de Acesso àHabitat para possibilitar à intervenção política orientada a regularização dosassentamentos. No entanto, esta intervenção tende a registrar os problemasde habitação no campo político, para reduzi-la a um conflito “entre aspartes”, iludindo a responsabilidade do Estado.A partir de uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa, foi selecionado comoreferência empírica o caso do Assentamento de Villa Obrera em Fiske,Menuco (Gral. Roca), e as técnicas de recolecção de dados são baseados emfontes secundárias, como expedientes judiciais e normativos, e em fontes primárias como são as histórias dos protagonistas através de entrevistasindividuais e coletivas.Palavras-chave: tomada de terras, Estado, criminalização dos conflitos.


Laws ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Elaine Kahn

There has been a paradigm shift in global communications since the death many years ago of prominent Canadians Marshall McLuhan and Pierre Elliott Trudeau. The correspondence between the two friends, from 1968 to 1980, presciently touched on our contemporary wired global village and the challenges it presents to personal privacy and to freedom of expression. I examine the relationship between the two men, as laid out in their letters and, to a lesser extent, in secondary sources, highlighting matters of privacy and media. Privacy hovers over the correspondence, even when it is not the stated topic. McLuhan, who is credited with the term “global village”, discussed with Trudeau the effect of new media on people’s notions of tribe and identity and privacy. Proving a direct influence from one man to the other, in either direction, is not possible, but there is much to play with. The gap is, as McLuhan often said, “where the action is”.


2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (7) ◽  
pp. H1018-H1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. T. Boardman ◽  
J. M. Aronsen ◽  
W. E. Louch ◽  
I. Sjaastad ◽  
F. Willoch ◽  
...  

Sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA)2 transports Ca2+ from the cytosol into the sarcoplasmic reticulum of cardiomyocytes and is essential for maintaining myocardial Ca2+ handling and thus the mechanical function of the heart. SERCA2 is a major ATP consumer in excitation-contraction coupling but is regarded to contribute to energetically efficient Ca2+ handling in the cardiomyocyte. Previous studies using cardiomyocyte-specific SERCA2 knockout (KO) mice have demonstrated that decreased SERCA2 activity reduces the Ca2+ transient amplitude and induces compensatory Ca2+ transport mechanisms that may lead to more inefficient Ca2+ transport. In this study, we examined the relationship between left ventricular (LV) function and myocardial O2 consumption (MV̇o2) in ex vivo hearts from SERCA2 KO mice to directly measure how SERCA2 elimination influences mechanical and energetic features of the heart. Ex vivo hearts from SERCA2 KO hearts developed mechanical dysfunction at 4 wk and demonstrated virtually no working capacity at 7 wk. In accordance with the reported reduction in Ca2+ transient amplitude in cardiomyocytes from SERCA2 KO mice, work-independent MV̇o2 was decreased due to a reduced energy cost of excitation-contraction coupling. As these hearts also showed a marked impairment in the efficiency of chemomechanical energy transduction (contractile efficiency, i.e, work-dependent MV̇o2), hearts from SERCA2 KO mice were found to be mechanically inefficient. This ex vivo evaluation of mechanical and energetic function in hearts from SERCA2 KO mice brings together findings from previous experimental and mathematical modeling-based studies and demonstrates that reduced SERCA2 activity not only leads to mechanical dysfunction but also to energetic dysfunction.


2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazish Bibi ◽  
Shehla Amjad

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between firm’s liquidity and profitability; and to find out the effects of different components of liquidity on firms’ profitability.The relationship between liquidity and firms’ profitability is empirically examined by collecting the data of 50 listed firms of Karachi Stock Exchange, Pakistan. Panel data has been collected from secondary sources for the year 2007 to 2011 .Net operating income and Return on assets are used measure of firm’s profitability. Liquidity of the firm is measured by using cash gap in days and current ratio. Firm size measured by net sales, total assets and market capitalization .The study applies regression analysis to determine factors affecting profitability. Incremental tests are carried out to see the importance of individual variables in the model.The results of correlation and regression analysis showed that there is a significant negative relationship between cash gap and return on assets while current ratio has significant positive relationship with profitability. Results further indicate that log of sales and log of total assets has positive significant relationship with profitability. The findings of this study are based on firms listed on the Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE). Hence, the results cannot be generalizable to those firms which are not listed on Karachi stock exchange. The sample of the study comprises only the merchandising and manufacturing firms. Banks are excluded due to their nature of work.


IIUC Studies ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 81-98
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rokibul Kabir ◽  
Abdul Hamid Chowdhury

The study is based on a total number of seven full-fledged listed Islamic Banks operating in Bangladesh. Secondary sources of data are used in this research. Data were collected from the Website of Bangladesh Bank and studying relevant literatures. This paper examines whether there is any differences of profit rate on deposits among different Islamic Banks. It also aims at finding whether there is any relationship between inflation and profit rate on deposits. Analyses have been done for two types of deposits accounts called Mudaraba Term Deposits Account and Mudaraba Savings Account. The results of the study reveal that, in case of Term Deposits the highest mean return is 11.06458% as offered by the First Security Islamic Bank Ltd. and the lowest mean return of 8.687500% is offered by Export Import Bank of Bangladesh Ltd. while in case of Mudaraba Savings Deposits the highest mean return of 6.583333% is offered by the First Security Islamic Bank Ltd. and the lowest mean return of 4.330417% is offered by Al Arafah Islami Bank Ltd. during the studied period. One sample t-test has been applied to find whether there is any significant difference in profit rate in different months and the study unfolds that the profit rate differs significantly in all the banks from month to month. The findings of Paired Sample t-test suggests that there is a significant difference in mean return between the Islamic banks in both of the Mudaraba Term Deposits and Mudaraba Savings Accounts in all the cases except for two pairs as the return on savings deposit does not significantly differ between Al Arafah Islami Bank Ltd. and Social Islami Bank Limited while it does not differ significantly between Social Islami Bank Limited and Islami Bank Bangladesh Ltd. in case of Mudaraba Term Deposits. Finally, the relationship between inflation and rate of profit is found insignificant in case of Mudaraba Saving Deposits while significant relationship has been discovered between Mudaraba Term Deposits and rate of inflation.IIUC Studies Vol.10 & 11 December 2014: 81-98


Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1012
Author(s):  
Takuya Mabuchi ◽  
Koki Nakajima ◽  
Takashi Tokumasu

Atomistic analysis of the ion transport in polymer electrolytes for all-solid-state Li-ion batteries was performed using molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the relationship between Li-ion transport and polymer morphology. Polyethylene oxide (PEO) and poly(diethylene oxide-alt-oxymethylene), P(2EO-MO), were used as the electrolyte materials, and the effects of salt concentrations and polymer types on the ion transport properties were explored. The size and number of LiTFSI clusters were found to increase with increasing salt concentrations, leading to a decrease in ion diffusivity at high salt concentrations. The Li-ion transport mechanisms were further analyzed by calculating the inter/intra-hopping rate and distance at various ion concentrations in PEO and P(2EO-MO) polymers. While the balance between the rate and distance of inter-hopping was comparable for both PEO and P(2EO-MO), the intra-hopping rate and distance were found to be higher in PEO than in P(2EO-MO), leading to a higher diffusivity in PEO. The results of this study provide insights into the correlation between the nanoscopic structures of ion solvation and the dynamics of Li-ion transport in polymer electrolytes.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Shen ◽  
Yue Du ◽  
Hua sheng Zhou

Abstract Background: This study aimed to understand the temporal distribution characteristics of road traffic collisions and the drunk driving collisions and casualty rates in some districts of Guangzhou city to develop suggestions for prevention of drunk driving. Methods: Data such as test results, casualties, and occurrence time from a total of 4986 traffic collisions reports issued by the Health Laboratory Centre of Southern Medical University between 2012 and 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Outcome measures included the relationship between the temporal distribution and rate of drunkdriving collisions and casualties. Data from the recent five years indicated that the number of collisions declined yearly, and the detection detection rate of drunk driving increased yearly. Drunk driving collisions mainly occurred during the period from 22:00-04:00 every day. The number of traffic collisions and the detection rate of drunk driving were significantly higher in the nighttime than that in the daytime. Most collisions occurred on Wednesday. The detection rate of drunk driving collisions was high in February, October, November and December, all with a percentage of more than 63%. The casualty rate of collisions that did not involve drunk driving was significantly higher than that of drunk driving collisions. Conclusion: Through the analysis of drunk driving in some districts of Guangzhou, we can control the intensity of drunk driving inspection so as to prevent road traffic collisions caused by drunk driving. At the same time, the government should step up publicity and education on the hazards of drunk driving to reduce the occurrence of drunk driving Road traffic collisions.


2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-118
Author(s):  
Lakshmi R ◽  
Vadivalagan G

Women empowerment is a process in which women challenge the existing norms and culture, to effectively promote their well being. The participation of women in Self Help Groups (SHGs) made a significant impact on their empowerment both in social and economical aspects This study addresses women empowerment through self help groups in Dharmapuri district of Tamilnadu . The information required for the study has been collected from both the primary and secondary sources A multistage random sampling method has been followed. Average and percentage analysis was carried out to draw meaningful interpretation of the results. Garret ranking technique was used to find the reasons for joining the Self help group. Factor analysis was used to measure thedetermine the relationship between the observed variables The results of the study revealed that the SHGs have had greater impact on both economic and social aspects of the beneficiaries.


Author(s):  
Rashedul Hasan ◽  
Tee Mei Yun

In today’s corporate world, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is becoming a significant field of study for all businesses as its notion has increased attention of both academics and practitioners. Secondary sources of data are utilized using document analysis method to understand the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and corporate reputation (CR). Five papers are selected from Science Direct which covers the time frame of 2012 until 2017. Evidence indicates that there is a positive, direct and significant relationship between CSR and CR. This paper contributes to the understanding of interrelations between CSR and CR. Practitioners can use the result of this study as a foothold to strengthen the integration of CSR and take advantage of synergies between CSR and CR. The value of paper resides in making this rather under-researched literature on the relationship between CSR and CR be more accessible for both scholars and practitioners.


Author(s):  
Remi Chukwudi Okeke

This study examines the linkages between relative deprivation and identity politics in a postcolonial state. It further investigates the relationship among these variables and nation-building challenges in the postcolony. It is a case study of the Nigerian state in West Africa, which typically harbours the attributes of postcoloniality and indeed, large measures of relative deprivation in her sociopolitical and economic affairs. The study is also an interrogation of the neo-Biafran agitations in Nigeria. It has been attempted in the study to offer distinctive explanations over the problematique of nation-building in the postcolonial African state of Nigeria, using relative deprivation, identity politics and the neo-Biafran movement as variables. In framing the study’s theoretical trajectories and in historicizing the background of the research, ample resort has been made to a significant range of qualitative secondary sources. A particularly salient position of the study is that it will actually be difficult to locate on the planet, any group of people whose subsequent generations (in perpetuity) would wear defeat on the war front, as part of their essential identity. Hence, relative deprivation was found to be more fundamental than identity politics in the neo-Biafran agitations in Nigeria. However, the compelling issues were found to squarely border on nation-building complications in the postcolony.


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