EVOLUTION OF SCIENTIFIC THOUGHT ABOUT THE ESSENCE OF DEPRECIATION AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN THE DEPRECIATION POLICY OF THE ENTERPRISE

2021 ◽  
Vol 298 (5 Part 1) ◽  
pp. 264-269
Author(s):  
Larysa OVOD ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Management ◽  
Classical Approach ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Investment Resource ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Business Conditions ◽  
The Cost

The article examines the economic category of “depreciation” in the works of scientists and regulations: different positions, approaches, concepts, aspects and options. The main shortcomings about the role of depreciation in modern business conditions are emphasized: 1) neglect of the importance of the process of depreciation of fixed assets in the enterprise; 2) mixing the concepts of “depreciation”, “depreciation deductions”, “wear”; 3) appropriation of depreciation of functions not peculiar to it. There are eight main positions in the works of scientists about the economic essence of depreciation, but none of these positions corresponds to the role of depreciation in modern conditions. The main approaches to the interpretation of depreciation by scientists are as follows: 1) depreciation – a monetary expression of depreciation of fixed assets; 2) depreciation – the process of transferring the cost of depreciation of fixed assets to the cost of production; 3) depreciation – the method of accounting; 4) depreciation – an investment resource and a means of accumulating funds for further renewal of means of labor. The variety of approaches to the interpretation of the term “depreciation” made it possible to systematize and combine certain approaches in the concept of depreciation. The main conceptual and specific approaches the author considers the legislative, classical, including economic and accounting, as well as tax. The classical approach is based on the concept of depreciation and impairment of fixed assets, reimbursement of their value and reproduction. Based on the analysis of concepts and aspects of depreciation, a new approach to determining the nature of depreciation under market conditions has been formed.. Today, depreciation of fixed assets is an interactive tool for strategic management and optimization of the tax potential of the enterprise

COST MANAGEMENT OF AN ECONOMIC ENTITY IN A MODERN BUSINESS CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
D. S. SHLYCHKOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Management ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Business Conditions ◽  
Material Values ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Price Offer

The costs of the organization are the assets of the organization, including material values, labor re-sources, which transfer their value to finished products, work, services. In modern economic conditions of economic activity of an economic entity, the simple assignment of costs to the cost of production has lost its significance. This is due to the fact that it is necessary to satisfy the request of the end consumer through a price offer for the product, as well as the request of the state through the payment of taxes to the treasury. Consequently, management is required to implement measures to manage the costs of an economic entity. This article discusses the question of what methods can be used to implement cost management, and in addition, it presents a basic conceptual model for managing production processes of an economic entity and a model of a production cost management system using the example of the coal industry.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIGITAL ADVERTISING AND IMPACT ON THE MARKETING ACTIVITIES OF THE ENTERPRISE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentyna Khrapkina ◽  
A.O. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Online Advertising ◽  
Internet Marketing ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Paid Search ◽  
Positive Growth ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
Business Conditions ◽  
Positive Growth Rate

The trend of modern business conditions is the digital transformation, which affects all areas and focuses on the use of digital technologies in the activities of enterprises. Advertising is an integral part of this process. Therefore, it is important to understand the role of digital advertising in the effective promotion of enterprises in the market, and learn to properly use marketing tools depending on the type of activity. The article evaluates the effectiveness of digital advertising and its impact on the marketing activities of the enterprise. It is proven that Internet marketing is becoming increasingly popular due to the availability and reach of the audience. During the pandemic, the number of Internet users who prefer Internet advertising has increased significantly. The main tendencies of advertising activity of enterprises are characterized. The results of the analysis indicate that online advertising is actively developing. Its advantage is to get the greatest effect from the potential target audience, and therefore more and more companies use it in their activities. It was found that during the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19), only two tools managed to maintain a positive growth rate - social networks and paid search. The actual tools of marketing activity are systematized and their advantages are determined. Observing the active development of digital advertising, we note that Facebook and Google have covered almost the entire advertising market and all the costs of businesses that were spent on advertising, usually spent on these two sites. The main criteria that digital advertising must meet have been clarified.

On the Role of Different Strain Components, Material Plasticity, and Edge Effects When Predicting Machining-Induced Residual Stresses Using Finite Element Modeling

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed N. A. Nasr
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Process ◽  
Orthogonal Cutting ◽  
Thermal Relaxation ◽  
Classical Approach ◽  
Final State ◽  
New Approach ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Strain Components ◽  
Cutting Direction

Finite element modeling (FEM) of machining-induced residual stresses (RS) takes place over two consecutive steps: a cutting step and a relaxation step. In the latter, the workpiece is left to cool down after deactivating all external loads. The current work focuses on the relaxation step, and how different strain components, material plasticity, and workpiece edge deflections affect the final state of different RS components. First, a two-dimensional arbitrary-Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) plane strain thermomechanical explicit model was used to simulate dry orthogonal cutting. After that, the relaxation process was modeled using three approaches: (1) the classical approach, (2) a new approach that is first presented here, and (3) a modified approach that was developed earlier by the current author. In the classical approach, the same exact machined workpiece is relaxed, considering all stress/strain components and material plasticity. On the other hand, the new approach uses a pure elastic one-dimensional thermal relaxation model, in the cutting direction, and assumes that the workpiece edges normal to the cutting direction remain so. The differences between the RS predicted by the new and classical approaches reflected the combined effects of the examined parameters. The role of each parameter was isolated using three different versions of the modified approach. The current findings confirmed that for orthogonal cutting, the stress relaxation process can be considered as a one-dimensional pure elastic thermal relaxation process. Also, the workpiece edges normal to the cutting direction deflect during relaxation, contributing to the final state of RS.

Development blocks, malinvestment and structural tensions – the Åkerman–Dahmén theory of the business cycle

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
LENNART ERIXON
Keyword(s):  
Business Cycles ◽  
Business Cycle ◽  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Turning Points ◽  
Optimization Models ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
The Business Cycle

Abstract:Johan Åkerman and Erik Dahmén's institutional theory of economic fluctuations is a constructive alternative to traditional macroeconomic approaches and also to modern business-cycle analysis based on microeconomic optimization models. By its integration of a business-cycle and growth perspective, Åkerman and Dahmén's analysis was similar to that of Schumpeter in Business Cycles. But their notions of malinvestment, structural tensions, and development blocks provided an original explanation of the turning points in the business cycle. The Åkerman–Dahmén approach is more valid for innovation-driven cycles such as the ICT boom in the late 1990s and the subsequent crisis than for cycles with an independent role of financial-market conditions.

scholarly journals AMORTIZATION DESIGNATIONS AS A SOURCE FOR REPRODUCTION OF THE TECHNICAL BASE OF AGRICULTURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-156
Author(s):  
Асия Субаева ◽  
Asiya Subaeva ◽  
Марат Низамутдинов ◽  
Marat Nizamutdinov ◽  
Наталья Александрова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technical Support ◽  
Fixed Capital ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Accelerated Depreciation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Agroindustrial Complex ◽  
The Cost

The role of depreciation in an enterprise can be represented as a source of reproduction of fixed capital and a share of the cost of production. The study of sources of financing for the processes of renewal and modernization of agriculture is considered on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan. In the agricultural sphere, the problem of the targeted use of depreciation funds is aggravated by the difficult financial situation of many agricultural producers, which reduces the amount of funds allocated for the reproduction of fixed capital. The market of agricultural machinery requires serious financial investments and improvement of the mechanism of technical support of the agroindustrial complex. One of the ways to improve this issue is the revision of depreciation methods. In Russia, for a long time, only a uniform depreciation method was used based on the useful life, when the values of fixed assets are repaid evenly over their entire service life, we propose the use of accelerated depreciation. In this regard, the purpose of the publication is to study the changes in the share of depreciation used on investments in the total amount of accrued depreciation and to propose measures to improve the reproduction of fixed capital. The analysis showed that in the Republic of Tatarstan over the past 5 years, only about 30% of the accrued depreciation deductions are sent by farmers to invest in fixed capital. According to the results of the analysis, the idea of increasing the role of depreciation deductions as a source of renewal and modernization of agricultural equipment through the system of state support and the accumulation of depreciation deductions in the form of money on deposit or special accounts in banks was considered. A scheme for the functioning of the regional depreciation fund and its controls are proposed. The introduction of a mechanism to increase the role of depreciation as a source of financing will ensure the growth and modernization of agricultural technical support through a system of targeted use of depreciation funds.

scholarly journals The Role and Significance of Corporate Culture in the Activities of Domestic Enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
A. Melnyk ◽  
◽  
N. Davydenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Personnel Management ◽  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Business Conditions ◽  
Labor Resources

Annotation. Introduction. Corporate culture plays an important role in business environment. As the activities of the staff, their attitude towards each other influences the activity of the enterprise, managers should pay attention and introduce a corporate culture in order to increase company’s efficiency. The phrase “corporate culture” firstly was used in the nineteenth century in military terminology by a German field marshal Moltke for relevant relationships in the official environment. There are many definitions of the concept of “corporate culture”, but there is a certain difference in the interpretation of the concept with the change of years and the depth of its research. Purpose. Modern business conditions require the introduction of corporate culture, so the leaders of domestic enterprises are increasingly seeking to apply foreign experience without exploring the differences between the Ukrainian market and foreign. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to study the role of corporate culture in domestic enterprises, as well as to identify the features of the formation of corporate culture in Ukrainian enterprises. Results. As a result of the research, we were found that corporate culture as a tool of personnel management is used in only 55% of domestic enterprises. In our opinion, it is necessary to promote the introduction of corporate culture in domestic enterprises, taking into account the national mentality and social values, and for this it is necessary to develop clear tools of corporate culture, basic principles and principles, and algorithms for their implementation in enterprises. These issues need detailed consideration and will be considered by us in further research. Conclusions. Summing up everything we can say that corporate culture is not only an instrument for managing the workforce of an organization. It forms an enterprise from the inside, influencing its image and profits. The presence of corporate culture in enterprises is a competitive advantage among others in the industry. Keywords: corporate culture; competitive advantage; personnel management; labor resources; enterprise efficiency.

scholarly journals The performance of companies in terms of outsourcing

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 108-118
Author(s):  
Tat’yana Nikolaevna Dubrovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Organizational Costs

In the article the essence of outsourcing as a new form of employment relations is considered, its features are defined in comparison with traditional forms of employment, its advantages and disadvantages are given. The authors describe the reasons why companies resort to outsourcing, in particular, on the example of small business, illustrate the strategic importance of outsourcing. The practical application of outsourcing is becoming more widespread in the modern business. The scientific and actual role of outsourcing in the management of the enterprise has greatly increased, which is proved by the fact that today more than fifty per cent of current foreign companies apply data approach. Thus today in the Russian Federation outsourcing is at an early stage of formation and relates mainly to restructuring of business entities and development of the market of information technologies. The analysis allowed determining the provisional value of the outsourcers’ services. The basis of determining the cost of the services is the cost of maintenance of one unit of standard accounting service. The calculations show that for the investigated enterprise it is very advantageous to transfer a number of business process to outsourcing, and there is a need to carefully consider over the choice of an outsourcer in order to avoid the negative sides of the work under this type of agreements. When deciding about outsourcing, one needs to analyze the financial and organizational costs, while keeping the risks of associated with the work in terms of outsourcing in the analysis area.

Hostile Takeovers and Anti-takeover Defenses in the Russian Corporate Market

2007 ◽  
pp. 70-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Demidova
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Hostile Takeovers ◽  
Russian Market ◽  
Takeover Defenses ◽  
The Cost ◽  
European Markets

This article analyzes definitions and the role of hostile takeovers at the Russian and European markets for corporate control. It develops the methodology of assessing the efficiency of anti-takeover defenses adapted to the conditions of the Russian market. The paper uses the cost-benefit analysis, where the costs and benefits of the pre-bid and post-bid defenses are compared.

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