scholarly journals ANALISIS PENDAPATAN USAHATANI DAN EFISIENSI PEMASARAN JAMUR MERANG (Volvariella volvacea) DI KABUPATEN KARAWANG

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-199
Author(s):  
Suhaeni
Keyword(s):  
Entry Point ◽  
Volvariella Volvacea ◽  
Snowball Sampling

Jamur merang merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan yang ada di Kabupaten Karawang. Pertumbuhan konsumsi jamur selalu meningkat setiap tahunnya. Permintaan per hari mencapai 4-10 ton, sementara penawarannya hanya berkisar 4-7 ton. Dengan demikian, komoditas ini sangat potensial untuk meningkatkan pendapatan pelaku agribisnis jamur merang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pendapatan yang diterima petani, pola saluran pemasaran dan efisiensi pemasaran jamur merang di Kabupaten Karawang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan teknik penelitian survei. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder. Sampel ditentukan dengan cara non probabilistik dengan entry point adalah pelaku usaha utama (petani jamur), kemudian dilakukan penelusuran ke depan dan ke belakang (forward and backward) dengan menggunakan snowball sampling untuk mendapatkan sampel pada titik berikutnya. Metode Analisis yang digunakan adalah analaisis pendapatan, marjin pemasaran, keuntungan, farmer share dan efisiensi pemasaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 6 pola saluran pemasaran jamur merang. Pelaku yang terlibat terdiri dari petani, bandar, pedagang besar, pengecer dan konsumen. Hasil analisis usahatani jamur merang menunjukkan bahwa nilai R/C sebesar 1,98. Nilai R/C >1 menunjukkan bahwa usaha yang dilakukan oleh petani jamur merang layak untuk diusahakan. Ditinjau dari marjin pemasaran, keuntungan, farmers’s share, efisensi pemasaran, semua saluran pemasaran dikategorikan efisien.

Defining A Safe Entry Point for a Sacral Screw in Lateral Plating in Feline Ilial Fractures

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (S 02) ◽  
pp. A1-A25
Author(s):  
Philipp Schmierer ◽  
Sebastian Knell ◽  
Emanuelle Castelli ◽  
Antonio Pozzi
Keyword(s):  
Entry Point ◽  
Lateral Plating

Hubungan Alexithymia dengan Kecanduan Media Sosial pada Remaja di Jakarta Selatan

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Yunita Mansyah Lestari ◽  
Suzy Yusna Dewi ◽  
Aulia Chairani
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
P Value ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Toronto Alexithymia Scale ◽  
Social Media Addiction ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Tas 20

ABSTRAK   Alexithymia ditandai dengan ketidakmampuan dalam mengenali dan mengekpresikan emosi serta pemikiran yang berorientasi eksternal sehingga mereka memiliki hubungan interpersonal yang buruk. Remaja dengan alexithymia cenderung menjadi kecanduan media sosial.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara Alexithymia terhadap kecanduan media sosial pada remaja di Jakarta Selatan. Subjek penelitian adalah remaja yang berusia 13-19 tahun dan tinggal di Jakarta selatan. Pengambilan data menggunakan metode consecutive sampling dan snowball sampling dengan menyebar kuesioner menggunakan link googleform. Jumlah subjek penelitian sebanyak 207 orang (41 = laki-laki, 166 = perempuan). Skala yang digunakan adalah Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) dan Social Media Disorder (SMD). Analisa data menggunakan metode chi-square pada SPSS 25. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 85 orang mengalami alexithymia, 88 mengalami kecanduan dan 62 orang mengalami alexithymia dan kecanduan media sosial. p-value didapatkan 0,000. Hal ini berarti terdapat hubungan antara Alexithymia dengan Kecanduan Media Sosial pada remaja di Jakarta Selatan. Kata Kunci :Alexithymia, Kecanduan Media Sosial, Remaja     ABSTRACT   Alexithymia is characterized by an inability to recognize and express emotions and have external oriented thoughts so that they have poor interpersonal relationships. Teenagers with alexithymial tend to become addicted to social media. This study aims to determine the relationship between Alexithymia towards social media addiction in adolescents in South Jakarta. The research subjects were adolescents aged 13-19 years and lived in south Jakarta. Retrieval of the data was using consecutive sampling and snowball sampling method by distributing questionnaires using the googleform link. The number of research subjects was 207 people (41 = men, 166 = women). The scale was used is the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and Social Media Disorder (SMD). Data analysis using the chi-square method in SPSS 25. The results showed that 85 people had alexithymia, 88 were addicted and 62 people had alexithymia and were addicted to social media. p-value obtained is 0,000. This means that there is a relationship between Alexithymia and Social Media Addiction in adolescents in South Jakarta. Keyword : Adolescents, Alexithymia, Social Media Addiction

Drug abuse and drug addiction among students of University of Rajshahi

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Faiqua Tahjiba
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Actual Condition ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Monthly Expenditure ◽  
Physical Problems ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Research Show

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the actual condition of the students of University of Rajshahi (RU) regarding drug abuse and addiction. Using case study method the research was conducted with four objectives: (a) to find out how respondents began drug abuse; (b) to discover the causes of their drug addiction; (c) to understand the process of their drug abuse; and (d) to find out the economic, social and health effects of drug abuse. Methods: Case study method was used in this research. Through snowball sampling 18 drug- addicted students of RU were selected as respondents. In-depth interview with a schedule was used to collect data from the respondents in January 2019. Results: Findings of the study show that the causes of drug addiction included curiosity, frustration, friends’ request, neglect from family and friends etc. The drugs which they usually abused were Yaba, Phensydyle, Ganja (Weed), Chuani etc. Their average monthly expenditure for collecting drugs was in between Taka 8,000-10,000. They collected those drugs from rickshaw pullers at different points within the campus and from Mizaner Mor, Budhpara slum and other places outside the campus. The respondents opined that drugs were available if sufficient money could be spent. The respondents had senior and junior fellow students and local boys as companions while taking drugs. Most of them faced physical problems after taking drugs, and some of them tried to get rid of this curse of drug addiction. Conclusion: The findings of this research show that the rate of drug addiction among the students of RU was quite alarming. Therefore, all stakeholders including the students, guardians, teachers, university authority, the law makers and law enforcing agencies, researchers, civil society, NGO’s and the state must come forward together to combat this formidable foe.

JOHN LOUIS ESPOSITO TENTANG DIALOG PERADABAN ISLAM-BARAT

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moh. Salman Hamdani
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Entry Point ◽  
The West ◽  
Strong Bond ◽  
Historical Fact ◽  
Muslim Intellectuals ◽  
Abrahamic Religions ◽  
Cultural Dialogue ◽  
The Relationship

This paper aims to provide explanation about John Louis Esposito’s insights on therelationship between Islam and The West. The relationship is a fluctuative one, some tensionsand even open conflict may occur. Some events become the entry point to the relationship, forinstance, the crusades that is not only happened physically but also, through this war, the meetingbetween Islam and The West establishes inter cultural dialogue among them.John Louis Esposito’s views on the relationship between Islam and The West ispositioned in view of some Muslim intellectuals and orientalists to emphasize its originality. Theintellectual positions do not put it on pros or cons side in the context of the relationship betweenIslam and The West.Historically, the relationship between Islam and The West actually has a theologicallystrong bond that there is common ground and similarities between Islam and The West. Islamand The west are inherited with Jewish and Christian traditions. Islam like Christianity andJudaism are religions ‘of the sky’ that are allied in Abrahamic religions. Therefore, according toJohn L. Esposito, based on historical fact, there were a real strong bond between Islam and theWest and it started centuries ago .

PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PERAN TUMBUHAN ETNOFARMAKA TEMU IRENG DI KECAMATAN RUBARU

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Latifah
Keyword(s):  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Purposive Sampling

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Rubaru Kabupaten Sumenep. Kecamatan Rubaru merupakan salah satu Kecamatan yang terletak di Kabupaten Sumenep dan juga dikenal sebagai pusat pembuatan ramuan obat tradisional. Sejak dahulu secara turun temurun masyarakat Rubaru telah memanfaatkan tumbuhan sebagai bahan dasar pengobatan tradisional untuk mengobati segala macam penyakit. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Metode pengambilan sampel yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling dan snowball sampling. Purposive sampling merupakan teknik sampling yang dipilih secara sengaja dengan pertimbangan bahwa responden mempunyai pengaruh cukup penting dan memiliki banyak informasi tentang tanaman obat temu ireng. Selanjutnya menggunakan teknik Snowball sampling yang merupakan teknik pengambilan sampel yang menggali data melalui metode wawancara dari satu responden ke responden yang lain, sampai peneliti tidak menemukan informasi baru lagi. Untuk menjawab rumusan masalah yang tersebut data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dan kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Penjabaran analisis ini menggunakan Skala Likert. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa persepsi masyarakat terhadap peran tumbuhan etnofarmaka temu ireng di Kecamatan Rubaru Kabupaten Sumenep dapat dikategorikan setuju.  Hal ini menunjukkan masyarakat setuju bahwa  tumbuhan temu ireng merupakan tanaman obat yang  memiliki peran yang sangat penting bagi kesehatan masyarakat dan membawa dampak yang sangat baik bagi masyarakat. Selain itu masyarakat juga meyakini bahwa temu ireng bermanfaat untuk menyembuhkan penyakit.  

An Exploratory Study of Trade Union Pluralism in Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth E. Parku ◽  
Yvonne Ayerki Lamptey
Keyword(s):  
Trade Union ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Freedom Of Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Trade Union Movement ◽  
Union Movement ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Enterprise Level ◽  
The Government ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

The practice of trade union pluralism at an enterprise level is seen as problematic for both the management of enterprises and the trade union movement. The problems arise from inter-union rivalries, competition and disputes over demarcations of privileges and rights. This article explores the practice of trade union pluralism at the enterprise level in Ghana with the aim of creating awareness of the effect of the practice on the general trade union movement. This qualitative study employed a cross-sectional design and used purposive and snowball sampling methods in selecting the participants. The data was analysed thematically. The findings from the study show that union pluralism is stimulating the decline in general union membership, the breakaway of local unions from the federations, and employers’ classification of workers based on their qualifications once they are employed by organisations, and their assignment to specific unions (automatic membership at enterprise level). It is suggested that employment laws encourage union breakaways, which weakens the unions especially at the enterprise level. It is recommended that the state, labour officials and policy-makers should enforce labour laws, especially regarding freedom of association, and consider revisiting or amending some labour laws to curb their abuse. The government and labour institutions need to work together to operationalise the implementation of legal provisions on freedom of association or consider amending the provisions to curb the existing abuse.

Experiential Learning in Graduate Archival Education at the University of Botswana

Mousaion ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olefhile Mosweu
Keyword(s):  
Experiential Learning ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Records Management ◽  
Archival Theory ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
The Real ◽  
The University

Most curriculum components of archival graduate programmes consist of contextual knowledge, archival knowledge, complementary knowledge, practicum, and scholarly research. The practicum, now commonly known as experiential learning in the global hub, is now widely accepted in library and information studies (LIS) education as necessary and important. It is through experiential learning that, over and above the theoretical aspects of a profession, students are provided with the opportunity to learn by doing in a workplace environment. The University of Botswana’s Master’s in Archives and Records Management (MARM) programme has a six weeks experiential learning programme whose purpose is to expose prospective archivists and/or records managers to the real archival world in terms of practice as informed by archival theory. The main objective of the study was to determine the extent to which the University of Botswana’s experiential learning component exposes students to real-life archival work to put into practice theoretical aspects learnt in the classroom as intended by the university guidelines. This study adopted a qualitative research design and collected data through interviews from participants selected through purposive and snowball sampling strategies. Documentary review supplemented the interviews. The data collected were analysed thematically in line with research objectives. The study determined that experiential learning does indeed expose students to the real world of work. It thus helps to bridge the gap between archival theory and practice for students without archives and records management work experience. For those with prior archival experience, experiential learning does not add value. This study recommends that students with prior archives and records management experience should rather, as an alternative to experiential learning, undertake supervised research, and write a research essay in a chosen thematic area in archives and records management.

Convergent Total Synthesis of Principinol D, a Rearranged Kaurane Diterpenoid

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Newhouse ◽  
Aneta Turlik ◽  
Yifeng Chen ◽  
Anthony Scruse
Keyword(s):  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Membered Ring ◽  
Entry Point ◽  
Ketone Reduction ◽  
Coupling Approach

<div> <p>The total synthesis of principinol D, a rearranged kaurane diterpenoid, is reported. This grayanane natural product is constructed via a convergent fragment coupling approach, wherein the central 7-membered ring is synthesized at a late stage. The bicyclo[3.2.1]octane fragment is accessed by a Ni-catalyzed α-vinylation reaction. Strategic reductions include a diastereoselective SmI<sub>2</sub>-mediated ketone reduction with PhSH and a new protocol for selective ester reduction in the presence of ketones. The convergent strategy reported herein may be an entry point to the larger class of kaurane diterpenoids.</p> </div>

Cytisine as an alternative smoking cessation product for Pacific smokers in New Zealand

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Vili Nosa ◽  
Kotalo Leau ◽  
Natalie Walker
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Partial Agonist ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
The Pacific

ABSTRACT Introduction: Pacific people in New Zealand have one of the highest rates of smoking.  Cytisine is a plant-based alkaloid that has proven efficacy, effectiveness and safety compared to a placebo and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for smoking cessation.  Cytisine, like varenicline, is a partial agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and blocks the rewarding effects of nicotine. Cytisine is naturally found in some plants in the Pacific region, and so may appeal to Pacific smokers wanting to quit. This paper investigates the acceptability of cytisine as a smoking cessation product for Pacific smokers in New Zealand, using a qualitative study design. Methods: In December 2015, advertisements and snowball sampling was used to recruit four Pacific smokers and three Pacific smoking cessation specialists in Auckland, New Zealand. Semi-structured interviews where undertaken, whereby participants were asked about motivations to quit and their views on smoking cessation products, including cytisine (which is currently unavailable in New Zealand). Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, with thematic analysis conducted manually. Findings: Pacific smokers reported wanting to quit for loved ones and family, but did not find currently available smoking cessation products effective. Almost all participants had not previously heard of cytisine, but many of the Pacific smokers were keen to try it. Participants identified with cytisine on a cultural basis (given its natural status), but noted that their use would be determined by the efficacy of the medicine, its cost, side-effects, and accessibility. They were particularly interested in cytisine being made available in liquid form, which could be added to a “smoothie” or drunk as a “traditional tea”.  Participants thought cytisine should be promoted in a culturally-appropriate way, with packaging and advertising designed to appeal to Pacific smokers. Conclusions: Cytisine is more acceptable to Pacific smokers than other smoking cessation products, because of their cultural practices of traditional medicine and the natural product status of cytisine.

Illegal rattan extraction trends in the Ankasa Conservation Area in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
R. Obour, D. Amankwaa, A. Asare
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
The North ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products

Protected Areas (PAs) are created for the protection and maintenance of biological diversity, but many of Ghana’s PAs are subjectto severe pressures and threats, the main pressures being the illegal extraction of natural resources. Rattans are indisputablyone of the most important Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) in Ghana’s Protected Areas that is without doubt one of thereasons for which it has drawn the attention of researchers. In this study the illegal rattan extraction patterns in the AnkasaConservation Area (ACA) in Ghana was inspected. Simple random sampling and Snowball sampling techniques were used. Datacollection employed the use of semi-structured questionnaires, interviews and field enumeration of rattans as well as an analysisof Effective Patrol Man-days (EPMDS) from 2004 to 2012. The results showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.75, p<0.05, r2 = 0.557) between patrol effort and rattan extraction encounters. In addition, there was a general reduction in illegalrattan extraction encounters from 2004 to 2012 at a rate of 4.3 per year. The highest illegal rattan extraction incidences wererecorded in 2006 (76 encounters), 2005 (35 encounters), 2008 (22 encounters), 2004 (18 encounters) and the least incidencewere recorded in both 2010 (3 encounters) and 2011 (3 encounters).The research also revealed that Eremospatha macrocarpawas the most extracted rattan species followed by Laccosperma secundiflorum. The major rattan extraction and trade routesoriginate in the northern parts and in the area east of the reserve and also south of Draw River Forest Reserve. Generally, rattanpoaching in Ankasa Conservation Area has declined, but there are still human incursions in the northern part of the reserve. Thestudy recommended an intensification of patrols in the north of the reserve. Also, enrichment planting and Agroforestry practicesof inter-cropping rattans with seasonal crops should be pursued vigorously for the local communities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document