scholarly journals Risk Factors and Early Detection of Diabetes Mellitus in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis WomenBackground: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis show predominance of metabolic disorder characterized by overweight, central obesity, dyslipidemia and impaired glucose

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-76
Author(s):  
Mohammad H. Ali ◽  
Abeer J. Hassan ◽  
Enas J. Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Early Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Healthy Control

Background: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis show predominance of metabolic disorder characterized by overweight, central obesity, dyslipidemia, and impaired glucose tolerance, specifically, few studies have explained insulin resistance in this disease.Objective: The aim of the present study is to examine insulin resistance and the risk of developing diabetes mellitus in middle age Iraqi women with early rheumatoid arthritis.Patients and methods: This work involved seventy female with early rheumatoid arthritis. Who was attending to the National Diabetic Center (NDC) of Al-Mustansiriya University and 35 healthy subjects as a control group. From all subjects blood sample was drawn in fasting state to measure the biochemical parameters which including plasma glucose level and fasting insulin concentrations. Other measurements (RF and anti-CCP) were made by routine methods. Homeostasis model of assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) by using the formula HOMA model Insulin sensitivity was calculated in RA patients and healthy control.Results: Results revealed a highly significant in the level of the rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-CCP and fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR when compared the patient group with the control group. While a significant increase in the level of FBG in the RA group than the control group. Also, there was a positive correlation with high significance among, Anti-CCP, and RF with HOMA-IR in the rheumatoid arthritis group. Conclusions: This study shows that patient with rheumatoid arthritis have abnormal insulin secretion with a high value of IR than a group of healthy control and these patients may be at risk of diabetic mellitus.  عوامل الخطر والتشخيص المبكر لداء السكري للنساء حديثات الاصابة بألتهاب المفاصل الروماتويدي محمد حسن علي  د.عـبير جبـار حسن أيناس جبار حسن  الخلاصة: خلفية البحث:يكون المرضى الذين يعانون من التهاب المفاصل الروماتويدي عرضة للاصابة بمتلازمة التمثيل بالغذائي والعوامل المرتبطة بها مثل زيادة الوزن، وقلة دهون الدم أو ضعف تحمل الجلوكوز، وهناك بعض الدراسات بينت ان هولاء المرضى يكونون معرضون لمقاومة الانسولين . الهدف: صممت هذه الدراسة لفحص مقاومة الانسولين وخطر الإصابة بداء السكري عند النساء العراقيات المصابات حديثا بالتهاب المفاصل الروماتويدي. طرق العمل: شملت الدراسة سبعين أنثى مصابات حديثا بالتهاب المفاصل الروماتويدي و 35 من النساء المتطوعات كمجموعة ضابطة. تم سحب عينة الدم من الجميع في حالة الصيام لقياس المعلمات البيوكيميائية بما في ذلك مستوى الجلوكوز ، تركيزالأنسولين وقياسات أخرى مثل (RF and anti-CCP). وايضا تم حساب المقاومة للانسولين (HOMA-IR). النتائج أظهرت النتائج وجود زيادة معنوية في مستوى العامل الروماتويدي (RF) وتركيز الانسولين مقاومة الانسولين (HOMA-IR) عند مقارنة مجموعة المرضى مع مجموعة السيطرة. في حين أن زيادة كبيرة في مستوى السكر الصائم  في مجموعة المرضى مقارنة بالمجموعة الضابطة. أيضا كان هناك علاقة إيجابية  مؤثرة بين، Anti-CCP, and RF  و HOMA-IR في مجموعة مرضى التهاب المفاصل الروماتويدي. الاستنتاجات: اظهرت نتائج هذه الدراسة أن المرضى بالتهاب المفاصل الروماتويدي يكون لديهم إفراز الأنسولين غير طبيعي وبالتالي تظهر لديهم مقاومة للانسولين ويكونون عرضة لخطر الاصابة بمرض السكري. الكلمات المفتاحية: مقاومة الانسولين,  داء السكري, التهاب المفاصل الروماتويدي.

scholarly journals Lifestyle intervention modifies the effect of the MC4R genotype on changes in insulin resistance among women with prior gestational diabetes: Tianjin Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prevention Program

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 750-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhang Chen ◽  
Huikun Liu ◽  
Leishen Wang ◽  
Tao Zhou ◽  
Zhaoxia Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Prevention Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin

ABSTRACTBackgroundA history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been related to an elevated risk of type 2 diabetes. The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) genotype has been related to glycemic changes in women with prior GDM.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to analyze whether lifestyle intervention modified the association between the MC4R genotype and changes in insulin sensitivity among women with prior GDM.MethodsWe genotyped MC4R rs6567160 and measured glucose and insulin in fasting plasma samples at baseline and during the first 2 follow-up visits in 1128 women with prior GDM. They were randomly assigned to either a 4-y lifestyle intervention involving both diet and physical activity or a control group from a randomized clinical trial, the Tianjin Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prevention Program. We analyzed the interaction between the MC4R genotype and lifestyle intervention on changes in insulin resistance.ResultsFrom baseline to 1.28 y, the MC4R genotype was related to changes in fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and homeostasis model assessment of β cell function (HOMA-B) in the intervention group. Each risk allele (C) of rs6567160 was associated with a 0.08-unit greater decrease in log(insulin), log(HOMA-IR), and log(HOMA-B) (P = 0.02, 0.04, and 0.04, respectively), whereas in the control group, each C allele tended to be associated with a greater increase in HOMA-IR (P = 0.09). We found significant interactions between the MC4R genotype and lifestyle intervention on 1.28-y changes in fasting insulin and HOMA-IR (P = 0.006 and 0.008, respectively), and such interaction remained significant when we analyzed the trajectory of changes in insulin and HOMA-IR from baseline to 2.55 y (both P = 0.03).ConclusionsThe exploratory results from the first 2 follow-up visits indicate that women with prior GDM carrying a diabetes-increasing MC4R genotype (CC or TC) may obtain better improvement than the TT genotype in insulin resistance through lifestyle intervention. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01554358.

Diabetes-induced Alterations in HDL Subfractions Distribution

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (27) ◽  
pp. 3341-3348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Femlak ◽  
Anna Gluba-Brzozka ◽  
Beata Franczyk ◽  
Jacek Rysz
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Statin Treatment ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Hdl Subfractions ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Healthy Control

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) due to its increasing prevalence and associated morbidity and mortality has become a serious public health problem. In DM, HDL may lose its beneficial features and become proatherogenic due to its altered biological activity thus increasing cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of the presence of diabetes mellitus type 2 and its duration on the distribution of HDL subfractions. Moreover, the effect of statin treatment on HDL subfraction share was analysed in this study. Methods: The study group consisted of 50 patients with newly diagnosed DM and 50 persons with DM for longer than 10 years while the control group consisted of 50 healthy volunteers. HDL subfractions were analysed with the use of Lipoprint. Results: We demonstrated progressive worsening of heart functioning and impairment of its structure in the course of diabetes mellitus. Moreover, we observed that HDL-6 subfraction and intermediate HDL fraction are lowest in the group with advanced DMt2 compared to the group with newly diagnosed DM and a healthy control group. Finally, the results of our study indicated the effect of statin treatment on HDL subfractions that seems not to be advantageous. Conclusion: It seems that in patients with diabetes mellitus compromised antiatherogenic properties of HDL, as a result of oxidative modification and glycation of the HDL protein as well as the transformation of the HDL proteome into a proinflammatory protein, increase cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals Obstructive Sleep Apnea as a Risk Factor of Insulin Resistance in Nondiabetic Adults

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Monika Michalek-Zrabkowska ◽  
Piotr Macek ◽  
Helena Martynowicz ◽  
Pawel Gac ◽  
Grzegorz Mazur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Insulin Concentration ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Objective: The aim of this research was to assess the relationship between prevalence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and insulin resistance among patients with increased risk of OSA without diabetes mellitus. Method and materials: our study group involved 102 individuals with suspected OSA, mean age 53.02 ± 12.37 years. Data on medical history, medication usage, sleep habits, sleep quality and daytime sleepiness, were obtained using questionnaires. All patients underwent standardized full night polysomnography. Serum fasting insulin and glucose concentration were analyzed, the homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index was calculated. Results: polysomnographic study indicated that in the group with OSA mean values of apnea–hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI), duration of SpO2 < 90% and average desaturation drop were significantly higher compared to the group without OSA, while the minimum SpO2 was significantly lower. The carbohydrate metabolism parameters did not differ within those groups. Significantly higher fasting insulin concentration and HOMA-IR index were found in the group with AHI ≥ 15 compared to the group with AHI < 15 and in the group with AHI ≥ 30 compared to the group with AHI < 30. Higher AHI and ODI were independent risk factors for higher fasting insulin concentration and higher HOMA-IR index. Increased duration of SpO2 < 90% was an independent risk factor for higher fasting glucose concentration. Conclusions: Individuals with moderate to severe OSA without diabetes mellitus had a higher prevalence of insulin resistance.

scholarly journals POS0561 OBESITY PHENOTYPES IN EARLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 515.1-515
Author(s):  
Y. Gorbunova ◽  
T. Popkova ◽  
L. Kondrateva ◽  
M. Cherkasova ◽  
E. Nasonov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
World Health ◽  
Early Ra ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

Background:Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and obesity have a lower risk of early death than patients with normal weight due to the so-called “obesity paradox”. Available publications discuss three phenotypes of obesity: classical obesity, metabolically healthy overweight/obesity, and latent obesity (normal weight associated with metabolic disorders, most importantly - with insulin resistance and adipocytokines imbalance).Objectives:To clarify the prevalence of obesity phenotypes and to identify factors predisposing to «latent obesity» in early RA without diabetes mellitus or hyperglycemia.Methods:The study included 35 pts (23 women, 12 men) with early RA (criteria ACR / EULAR, 2010), 56 [43,0; 60,0] years old, naïve to treatment with glucocorticoids and disease-modifying anti-rheumatics, without established diabetes mellitus. Pts were seropositive for IgM RF and anti-CCP, with highly active RA (DAS28 5,9 [5,2; 6,4]; SDAI 35,4 [27,0; 45,8], and CDAI 31,0 [26,0; 44,0]) scores, and median disease duration of 8.0 [6,0;15.0] months. Electrochemiluminescence assay Elecsys (Roche Diagnostics) was used to measure patients’ insulin levels, and ELISA (DBS – Diagnostics Biochem Canada Inc.) - for evaluation of serum leptin concentrations. Insulin resistance (IR) was defined as Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance index (HOMA-IR) ≥2,77. Leptin levels were considered elevated at values ≥11,1 ng/ml for women, ≥5,6 ng/ml for men. The overweight/obesity status was determined by World Health Organization criteria in pts with body mass index (BMI) ≥25kg/m2.Results:Overweight/obesity were documented in 19 (54, 3%) pts with early RA, 4/19 (21%) had high leptin levels and IR, 11/19 (58%) had isolated hyperleptinemia. Normal BMI was found in 16 (45,7%) pts with early RA, 2/16 (12,5%) had elevated leptin levels and IR, and 6/16 (37,5%) – only hyperleptinemia. Four (21%) out of 19 overweight and 8 (50%) out of 16 pts with normal BMI did not show any metabolic disorders (p=0,02). Сlassical obesity was found in 15 (43%), and latent obesity – in 8 (23%) pts with early RA. Leptin levels correlated with waist circumference (r=0,58, p=0,02), BMI (r=0,71, p=0,0006), ESR (r=0,5, p=0,02) in the overweight/obese pts, and with waist circumference (r=0,59, p=0,03), IgM RF (r=0,58, p=0,03), triglyceride levels (r=0,77, p=0,003), and atherogenic index (r=0,62, p=0,03) in pts with normal weight.Conclusion:The classical obesity phenotype associated with abdominal obesity and inflammation was the most common and prevailing over other phenotypes in early RA. Latent obesity was less common and was associated with an unfavorable lipid profile and accumulation of abdominal fat, therefore increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases in RA. Metabolically healthy overweight/obesity in early RA was really a rare phenotype.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Temporomandibular disorders in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis and at-risk individuals in the Dutch population: a cross-sectional study

RMD Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e001485
Author(s):  
Johanna M Kroese ◽  
Catherine M C Volgenant ◽  
Wim Crielaard ◽  
Bruno Loos ◽  
Dirkjan van Schaardenburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Early Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pain Diagnosis

ObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (ERA) and individuals at-risk of RA.Methods150 participants were recruited in three groups (50 per group): (1) patients with ERA (2010 EULAR criteria) (2) at-risk individuals and (3) healthy controls. All participants were tested for seropositivity of rheumatoid factor and anticitrullinated protein antibodies. A possible TMD diagnosis was determined according to the standardised and validated diagnostic criteria for TMD (DC/TMD) in five categories: myalgia, arthralgia, articular disc displacement, degenerative joint disease and headache attributed to TMD. Results were tested for the prevalence of TMD (all categories combined) and TMD pain (myalgia and/or arthralgia). To investigate a possible role for bruxism, a probable sleep and/or awake bruxism diagnosis was determined based on self-report and several clinical features.ResultsThe prevalence of any TMD diagnosis did not differ between the three groups. However, at-risk individuals more often had a TMD-pain diagnosis than healthy controls (p=0.046). No such difference was found between the ERA group and the control group. However, within the ERA group, seronegative patients had a TMD-pain diagnosis more often than seropositive patients (4/12 (33%) vs 3/38 (8%), p=0.048). Participants with a TMD-pain diagnosis were more often diagnosed with probable sleep bruxism than those without a TMD-pain diagnosis.ConclusionThe prevalence of TMD pain is increased in individuals at-risk of RA and seronegative ERA patients, and is associated with bruxism signs and symptoms. These results suggest that health professionals should be alert to TMD pain in these groups.

scholarly journals INSIGHTS INTO THE ROLE OF MORUS ALBA IN REVERSING OBESITY-ASSOCIATED HEPATIC STEATOSIS AND RELATED METABOLIC DISORDER IN RATS

2016 ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Hanaa H. Ahmed ◽  
Fatehya M Metwally ◽  
Hend Rashad ◽  
Asmaa M Zaazaa
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
The Other ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Control Group

<p>ABSTRACT<br />Objective: The goal of the present study was to examine the viability of Morus alba (M. alba) ethanolic extract in repression of obesity-associated<br />hepatic steatosis and related metabolic disorder; dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, and glycemic status.<br />Methods: Adult female albino rats were randomly assigned into four groups, eight rats each as follows: Group (1) control group received standard<br />rodent diet for 24 weeks. The other three groups administered high cholesterol diet for 12 weeks and served as obese group, M. alba-treated group,<br />and simvastatin-treated group.<br />Results: The current results showed an increment in thoracic circumference (TCX) and abdominal circumferences (AC) as well as body mass index<br />(BMI) in obese group. In addition, dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance have been elucidated in obese group.<br />Moreover, hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and bilirubin<br />values were significantly increased in obese groups versus control group. On the other hand, administration of ethanolic extract of Morus alba or<br />simvastatin could significantly lessen BMI and in addition to improve dyslipidemia in obese group. Glucose, insulin levels, and insulin resistance value<br />in serum samples demonstrated a significant reduction in obese group upon treatment with M. alba ethanolic extract or simvastatin. Furthermore,<br />noticeable depletion in hepatic MDA, NO contents, serum ALT, AST activities, and serum bilirubin level was recorded as a result of treatment with<br />either ethanolic extract of M. alba or simvastatin. Histopathological examination of liver tissue showed ballooning degeneration in the hepatocytes<br />(hepatic steatosis) associated with inflammatory cells penetration in portal zone in obese group. Meanwhile, the treatment of obese groups with<br />ethanolic extract of M. alba or simvastatin was found to restore the structural organization of the liver.<br />Conclusion: The present findings provide a novel aspect for understanding of the role of M. alba against obesity-associated liver diseases and related<br />metabolic disorder. The mechanisms underlying these effects seem to depend on the hypolipidemic potential, anti-inflammatory property, and<br />antioxidant activity of its phytochemicals.<br />Keywords: Obesity, Morus alba, Dyslipidemia, Hyperinsulinemia, Hyperglycemia, Hepatic steatosis.</p>

scholarly journals Radiographic changes in TMJ in relation to serology and disease activity in RA patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 20190186
Author(s):  
Mostafa Mahmoud Youssef Mohamed ◽  
Mushira M. Dahaba ◽  
Mary Medhat Farid ◽  
Adel Mahmoud Ali Elsayed
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Inverse Correlation ◽  
Moderate Disease ◽  
Condylar Head ◽  
Radiographic Changes

Objectives: This study was undertaken as an attempt to assess radiographic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) changes in relation to rheumatoid factor (RF), anticitrullinated protein (ACCP) antibodies and disease activity score 28 (DAS28) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients to find the best predictor of rheumatoid affection of the TMJ with the ultimate goal of maintaining TMJ function and preventing joint damage. Methods: 20 Rheumatoid Arthritis patients as well as 20 volunteers were included in this study. RA group were assessed for RF, ACCP, DAS28. Both groups were assessed by CBCT for TMJ dimensions and radiographic osteoarthritic changes. All data were statistically analyzed. Results: Rheumatoid Arthritis group showed significantly less condylar height and more radiographic osteoarthritic changes than the control group. RF showed no significant correlation with either TMJ measurements or TMJ radiographic osteoarthritic changes. ACCP showed significant inverse correlation with condylar height and anteroposterior (AP) dimensions, but non-significant relation with mediolateral dimension and radiographic osteoarthritic changes. DAS28 showed significant inverse correlation with condylar AP and mediolateral dimensions. It also showed significant correlation with flattening of the TMJ condylar head and flattening of the articular fossa. Patients with high and moderate disease activity showed significantly smaller AP TMJ dimension than patients with low disease activity. Disease activity showed statistically significant direct correlation with all osteoarthritic changes except for erosions of the glenoid fossa and condyle. Conclusion: Disease Activity Score28 score and disease activity are strong indicators of TMJ affection in RA patients when compared to RF and ACCP. ACCP is a better indicator of changes in condylar measurements than TMJ osteoarthritic changes. While RF is the least efficient indicator of TMJ involvement in RA patients.

scholarly journals The effect of obesity and Insulin Resistance on Liver Enzymes in Type2 Diabetes Mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 536-545
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Alanine Transaminase ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
And Control

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been defined as a clinical syndrome that is characterized by abnormal carbohydrate metabolism. The chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes is associated with long term damage, dysfunction, and failure of different organs, especially the liver .This study was conducted to assess the effect obesity and insulin resistance on liver enzymes in diabetic Iraqi patients.A comparative study of (90) Iraqi adults divided to three subgroup(30) obese ,(30) nonobese diabetic patients and(30)person had used as control. The analysis included Liver enzyme ALP,ALT,AST,GGT ,Fasting Plasma Glucose (FBG) , Lipid Profile , Hemoglobin A1C , insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA IR) were measured. Subjects were excluded from this study if they had liver disease, alcohol intake, medications for lowering lipid, insulin treatment, pregnant women and women taking contraceptive pills . The study shows significantly higher of liver enzymes level ( gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase, Aspartate Amino Transferase , Alanine Transaminase) in obese diabetic patients compared with non-obese diabetic patients and control subject and HOMA IR showed significantly higher in obese diabetic patients compared with non-obese with diabetic patients and control (P < 0.05). The lipids level showed significantly higher in obese diabetic patients compared with non-obese diabetic patients and control.The HbA1c level showed higher significantly in obese diabetic patients compared with control and ther is a posative correlation between insulin and HOMA IR , ALP in obeses diabetic patients while there was negative correlation between ALT and cholesterol in obese group and with HbA1c in control group. The liver enzymes level of(alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase gama glutaminase transferase ) is significantly higher in obese diabetic patients than non –obese diabetic patients and control group , also There was posative correlation between ALP and HOMA IR while there was negative correlation between ALT and cholesterol in obese group and with HbA1c in control group .

The role of myokines in the development of insulin resistance in children, with type 1 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
O. Ye. Pashkova ◽  
N. I. Chudova ◽  
O. S. Litvinenko
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Control Group

The aim — to study the role of myokines in the development of insulin resistance in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.Materials and methods. Observations involved 68 children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM 1), with the mean age 11 to 17 years. Depending on the glycemic controllevel, patients were divided into 3 research groups. The control group consisted of 20 relatively healthy children. Muscle mass, the skeletal muscles index, fat mass and the percentage of fat in the bodywere determined in all patients. The Lovett’s test was used to assess the loss of muscle strength; evaluation of insulin resistance was made based onthe triglyceride­glucose index (TYG). Levels of myostatin, irisin, interleukins ­6 and ­13were measured in blood serum.Results and discussion. It has been established that with deterioration in the level of glycemic controlin DM 1 children, the component redistribution of body composition took place with an increased fat mass proportionand decreased muscle mass. This resulted in the reduced insulin-mediatedabsorption of glucose, that was confirmed by the significant increase in TYG level compared to control group. The analysis of cytokines in the blood serum showed a significant increase in the level of myostatin and interleukin­6 compared with the control group and the tendency to increased levels of the interleukins ­13 and the level of irisin in the blood serum in pediatric patients with DM 1. The increased levels of myostatin in DM 1childrenassociated with an increase in the triglycerides content (r = 0.44, p < 0.05) and raised TYG index (r = 0.33, p < 0.05), testifying theclose correlation between the high myostatin levels and the development of insulin resistance.Conclusions. In children with diabetes mellitus, the reduction of muscle strength and muscle mass take place with a deterioration in the state of glycemic control, accompanying by the development of insulin resistance. The violation of myokines synthesis,along with the chronic hyperglycemia and diabetic myopathy, plays the leading role in the formation of insulin resistance in pediatric patients with DM 1. It is manifested by the increased production of myostatin and interleukin­6 in the absence of activation of irisin and interleukin­13synthesis.

Pattern of urinary proteins and peptides in patients with rheumatoid arthritis investigated with the Iso-Dalt technique.

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
P M Clark ◽  
L J Kricka ◽  
T P Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Urinary Proteins ◽  
Composite Pattern ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Proteins And Peptides

Abstract Characteristic differences in the pattern of urinary proteins and peptides have been found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, compared with patterns from healthy controls. These differences have been demonstrated with a two-dimensional gel electrophoretic technique (Iso-Dalt) involving isoelectric focusing in the first dimension, followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the second dimension. Using simple photographic techniques, one can obtain a composite pattern of the individual protein-stained gels for each group. Comparison of the composite patterns from the rheumatoid arthritis group and the control group revealed several proteins in the urine of the rheumatoid arthritis patients not found in the control group. Two groupings of these proteins were identified: acidic, high-Mr proteins and more basic, low-Mr proteins.

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