scholarly journals EFFECT OF THE COMPLEX HIGH MOLECULAR FERTILIZER STRESSTOP ON THE YIELD AND BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF POTATO TUBERS

REPORTS ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Sansyzbay Memeshov ◽  
Temirzhan Aitbaev ◽  
Aizhan Suraganova ◽  
Miras Suraganov
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Flowering Phase ◽  
Control Variant

This article discusses the methods and standards for the use of complex high molecular fertilizer StresStop on potatoes in the conditions of the Akmola region. The article deals with the influence of the complex high molecular fertilizer StresStop on the yield, marketable qualities and biochemical composition of potatoes, depending on the norms of its application and the phase of development of potato plants. During the phase-by-phase treatment with StresStop fertilizer, at the doses recommended by the manufacturing institutions, the content of dry matter, starch and vitamin C in potato tubers changes, while the content of toxic elements in potatoes does not change significantly. A significant effect of a complex high molecular fertilizer on potato yield was determined. The greatest increase in the potato yield +9.1 t / ha in comparison with the control variant was provided by spraying the variant treated with 0.01% StresStop solution in the full germination + flowering phase, where the yield was 17.5. The use of a complex high molecular fertilizer contributes to an increase in the yield, commodity and quality indicators of potatoes, while the study showed that the content of toxic elements in potatoes does not change significantly

scholarly journals Агробиологические аспекты производства семенного картофеля с многослойной мульчей из мискантуса

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Nikolaev ◽  
N.F. Khokhlov ◽  
A.A. Anisimov ◽  
I.G. Tarakanov
Keyword(s):  
Seed Potato ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Miscanthus Giganteus ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Russian Agriculture ◽  
Giant Miscanthus ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
Number Of Stems

Показаны результаты сравнительного анализа эффективности выращивания семенного картофеля при размещении клубней в нижнюю часть мульчирующего слоя биомассы мискантуса гигантского (Miscanthus giganteus) культуры, площади которой начали активно увеличиваться на территории Российской Федерации. Цель исследования поиск способов получения качественного посадочного материала семенного картофеля при возделывании в Центральном регионе РФ с применением мульчирования мискантусом, поскольку один из основных факторов низкой урожайности картофеля в отечественных хозяйствах использование собственного зараженного посадочного материала. Исследования проводили методом полевого эксперимента в 20182019 годах на Полевой опытной станции РГАУ МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева. Изучали два способа посадки картофеля традиционная на гребни (контроль), и высадка в мульчу. Опыт заложен в четырехкратной повторности, учетная площадь 8 м2. Лучшее сочетание факторов для роста и развития растений при мульчировании мискантусом привело к увеличению урожайности наряду с повышением доли здоровых семенных клубней. Использование биомассы мискантуса в качестве мульчи для выращивания семенного картофеля привело к увеличению выхода здоровых кондиционных посадочных клубней. В контроле, без использования мульчи, 55 клубней оказались поражены серебристой паршой. Кроме того, мульчирование способствовало увеличению содержания влаги в верхнем слое почвы (010 см) в фазу бутонизации картофеля по сравнению с традиционным способом посадки почти в два раза. У растений картофеля, выращенных при мульчировании, число стеблей на 1 га увеличилось на 12,9 тыс. шт. по сравнению с контрольным вариантом. В среднем за два года прибавка урожайности картофеля от мульчирования составила 15,2 т/га. Кроме того, мульчирование привело к увеличению выхода семенных клубней, доля которых составила 41,6 от общей массы клубней при 30,5 в контроле. Таким образом, способ возделывания семенного картофеля с многослойной мульчей при полосном размещении мискантуса обладает высоким потенциалом к использованию в хозяйствах для получения собственного здорового посадочного материала.The results of the comparative analysis of the seed potato cultivation efficiency with the use of soil surface mulching with the above-ground biomass of giant miscanthus (Miscanthus giganteus) a rare crop for Russian agriculture, which is beginning to spread now. The aim of the research is the searching of the methods of the qualitative seed potato getting while growing it the central part of Russian Federation with the mulching by the miscanthus biomass. One of the main factors of low yields in Russia is the usage of own infested seed potato. The researches were conducted by the means of field experiment during the vegetation seasons of 2018 and 2019 years on the territory of the Field experimental station of Russian State Agrarian University Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. Two ways of potato planting traditional in the ranges (the control variant), and planting in the miscanthus mulch. The experiment was planned with the 4 recurrences, the registrative area was 8 m2. The usage of miscanthus biomass as a mulch for seed potato growing lead for obtaining of the healthy conditional planting tubers. In the control variant, without mulching, 55 of all tubers were affected by Helminthosporium solani. The use of miscanthus biomass mulching contributed the increase of the soil moisture in the upper layer of the soil (010 sm) comparing with the traditional way of potato planting almost in 2 times. The potato plants grown with the miscanthus biomass mulching the number of stems on 1 ha increased by 12,9 thousand comparing with the control variant. The maximum potato yield 40,7 t/ha was marked in the variant with the miscanthus biomass mulch usage. Mulching also lead to the increase of the number of seed tubers, the part of them was 40,4 from the whole biomass. Hereby the giant miscanthus biomass can be recommended as a mulching material for the plantations of seed potato, the use of it leads to the increase of the seed potato yield and decrease the growth of the number of diseases, which can contaminate the potato plantations in the traditional way of cultivation.

scholarly journals Biochemical changes in affected potato tubers

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
S. Bomok ◽  
B. Taktaiev ◽  
M. Pikovskyi ◽  
O. Marieva
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Standard Techniques ◽  
Subsequent Identification

Goal. To establish biochemical changes (contents of dry matter, vitamin C, starch and carotene) in potato tubers in different degree affected by fungal diseases. Methods. Potato tubers (variety Bella Rosa) was selected in the conditions of private sector, Brusilovsky district, Zhytomyr region. Diagnosed disease by the visual method and a microscopic analysis with the subsequent identification of the pathogens. Biochemical analysis of potato tubers on dry matter content, vitamin C, starch, and carotene were performed according to standard techniques of the Institute of potato NAAS. The results of the research. The result of phytopathological examination of potato tubers during storage revealed fungal diseases: rot, Fusarium dry, Pomona, white, grey and verticillata; scab — plain and black or black scurf. Is established, that biochemical parameters in potatoes with different degree of damage differed. The amount of solids in healthy potato tubers were 21.0% in severely infected by Fusarium 14.5%, and famosa 13.9% and the usual scab — 18.2%; the blight of 15.6%. Starch in healthy tubers was 15.4% strongly struck by Fusarium is 7.5%, famosa — 6.9%, the usual scab — 11.2%, a Rhizoctonia — 9.8%. The content of vitamin C in healthy tubers was 0.17 percent, and in severe cases, Fusarium and 0.12%, famosa — 0.12%, ordinary scab and 0.12%, a Rhizoctonia — 0.12%. Biochemical indicators of carotene in healthy tubers was 0.18%, and in severely infected by Fusarium was reduced to 0.09%, famosa up to 0.06%, the usual scab — up to 0.11%, a Rhizoctonia — up to 0.10%. Conclusions. In potato tubers with different degrees of lesions of fungal diseases of reduced the content of dry matter, starch, vitamin C and carotene, which worsens their quality.

scholarly journals Influence of growth regulators on yield, quality and preservation of potato stubs in the mountain zone of the Kabardino-Balkaria Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Khusen Nazranov ◽  
Elena Didanova ◽  
Zalim-Geri Shibzukhov ◽  
Maya Orzalieva ◽  
Beslan Nazranov
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Prolonged Effect ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
Positive Effect

Plant growth regulators, which helps to activate the initial growth and accelerate the development of plants, stimulate tuber formation, increase the resistance of potatoes to unfavorable soil and climatic conditions, increase the yield and biochemical quality indicators of potato tubers, have great opportunities for increasing potato productivity. Research was carried out on the development of a technological system for regulating the growth and development of potatoes through the complex use of growth regulators in combination with microbiological preparations in the highlands of the KBR. The positive effect of growth regulators on the development of the assimilation surface and root system of potatoes was revealed. Growth regulators have a positive effect on the creation of a pigment background in potato leaves. At the same time, a significant increase in chlorophyll z, chlorophyll b and carotenoids is observed when using Agrovin Micro Agrovin Mg-Zn-B and is equal to 121.4, respectively; 46.4 and 46 mg%, up 21.4; 23.2 and 31.0% above the control variant. The use of PP has a prolonged effect on the growth, development and biochemical composition of potato tubers. The complex use of the drug significantly increases the number, size and weight of tubers, which allows to increase the yield by 30%, improve the biochemical composition of tubers in terms of dry matter and starch content. The use of growth regulators promotes the output of seed fraction tubers by 56% more than the control variant.

scholarly journals Phomous rot is a dangerous disease of potato tubers

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
V. Polozhenets ◽  
L. Nemerytska
Keyword(s):  
Seed Potato ◽  
Microbiological Diagnosis ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Flowering Phase ◽  
Development Cycle ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Dark Color ◽  
First Time

Goal. To establish the symptoms of pathogens of fomose rot on potato varieties of different resistance, to isolate pathogens from the genus Phoma, parasitizing on tubers and stems of plants. Methods. Symptoms of phomotic rot were determined visually by the determinant of diseases and the method of microbiological diagnosis was used. Pathogens were isolated from stems and tubers affected by fomose rot. Results. On the basis of psychopathological examination, it was experimentally proved for the first time in Ukraine that fomozna potato rot is widespread in commodity and seed potato plantings. The degree of harmfulness reaches 35%. Pathogens of the genus Phoma (Ph. Solanicola Prill. Et Del Ph tuberosa Malkomcon) affect potato stems and tubers. On the stems, the first symptoms appear as spots during the flowering phase of the plants, and on tubers the gangrene appears as round, depressed and hard spots, light or dark brown in color, on the top of which pycnids form. According to the harmfulness of the pathogen, the Polesye of Ukraine is divided into three zones: 1. The zone of strong development includes the Volyn and Zhytomyr regions, where the number of affected plants with phomosis exceeds 5%, affected tubers — 8—10%; 2. The zone of moderate development, it includes the Rivne and Khmelnitsky regions, where the number of plants affected by phomosis is 2—3%, and tubers during storage of the crop — 5—7%; 3. The zone of insignificant development of the disease includes Kiev and Chernihiv regions, where the number of plants affected by gangrene is up to 2%, and tubers after storage of the crop — up to 4%. Conclusions. According to the results of psychopathological surveys, three zones of development of fomose rot of potatoes (severe, moderate and minor damage to phomosis) were identified and a scheme for the development cycle of the infection of the genus Phoma (Solanicola Prill. et. Del. And Ph. Tuberosa Melh.) was established. Symptoms of fomose rot appear on the stems in the form of elongated blurry spots, on which pycnids form from light brown (Eurostar) to dark brown (Riviera) color. On potato tubers, fomosis appears in the form of round, hard, sunken spots of a dark color. It is proved that during the interaction of potato plants with pathogens of the genus Phoma complex physiological, biochemical and pathological processes occur that significantly reduce productivity, quality, taste and other economically valuable traits.

scholarly journals Development of variety technologies for cultivation of potato in the Middle Urals

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (14) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
F. Keyta ◽  
Mihail Karpuhin
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
The Middle Urals ◽  
Feeding Area

Abstract. Potato is one of the most important human foods. It possesses high taste and nutritional properties. The optimal ratio in potato tubers of organic and mineral substances necessary for a person determines its value as a food product. The tubers contain on average 76–78 % of water and 13 to 36 % of dry matter, of which 12–15 % are starch, 1–3 % protein and about 1 % – mineral compounds. Potato proteins have a very high biological value, since they contain a complex of essential amino acids that are not synthesized in the human body and must be obtained from food. Potatoes are an essential source of vitamin C. The studies were carried out on the experimental field of the educational and experimental farm “Uralets” of the Ural State Agrarian University (USAU), the village of “Studencheskiy”, for three years (2016–2018) in the climatic zone of the Middle Urals. Purpose of research. The objective of this study was to study the influence of the feeding area of “Gala” potato, the use of fungicides on the yield and quality of tubers in the conditions of the Middle Urals. Results. The results analysis on the mineral and biochemical composition of tubers showed that the total nitrogen content changed from 0.25 to 0.37 % and did not depend on the feeding area. The phosphorus content varied from 0.034 to 0.063 % and depended on the feeding area, i. e. the less often the plantings were, the more phosphorus was contained. Potassium content fluctuated over the years. The starch content was stable and did not depend on weather conditions and feeding area and ranged from 11.3 to 15.4 %. The tasting result showed that the studied potato variety Gala has high taste. According to the taste assessment, the Gala variety was rated 5 points in the control variant. The variant with the use of the fungicide shirlan yielded to it by 0.5 points. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time in the conditions of the Middle Urals, the influence of the feeding area on the mineral and biochemical composition of potato tubers (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, dry substances, vitamin C and others).

scholarly journals ВПЛИВ СОРТУ (ГІБРИДУ) НА УРОЖАЙНІСТЬ ТА БІОХІМІЧНІ ПОКАЗНИКИ ПЛОДІВ КАБАЧКА КУЩОВОГО В УМОВАХ ПІВДЕННОЇ ЧАСТИНИ ЗАХІДНОГО ЛІСОСТЕПУ УКРАЇНИ

2012 ◽  
pp. 171-173
Author(s):  
Л. В. Гойсюк
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Vegetable Marrow

Розглянуто питання біохімічного складу плодів каба-чка кущового сорту Чаклун та гібридів Мостра F1 іСангрум F1, сівбу яких проводили в першу декадутравня за схемою розміщення рослин 70х70 см.Визначено і проаналізовано в плодах кабачка кущо-вого вміст сухої речовини, цукру, вітаміну С танітратів. Крім того подано аналіз урожайностізазначених сорту та гібридів кабачка кущового вумовах південної частини західного ЛісостепуУкраїни. За результатами досліджень було вста-новлено, що гібрид кабачка кущового Сангрум F1виявився найбільш урожайним (87,65 т/га). The problem of biochemical composition of vegetable marrowvariety of Chaklun and hybrids of Mostra F1 and Sungroom F1 isconsidered, sowing of which was conducted in the first ten-dayperiod of May after according to the chart of placing plants 70x70sm. The content of dry matter, sugar, vitamin C and nitrates isanalysed in the fruit of vegetable marrow. The analysis of theproductivity of variety and hybrids of vegetable marrow in theconditions of south part of western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine is alsogiven. It has been established that the hybrid of vegetable marrowSungroom F1 was the most productive (87,65 t/ha) as a result ofresearches.

Influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-steppe

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (94) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
R.O. Myalkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
The Right

Goal. The purpose of the research was to determine the influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Methods.Field, analytical and statistical. Results.It was established that among the mid-range varieties Divo stands out with a yield of 42.3 t/ha, Malin white – 39.8 t/ha, and Legend – 37.1 t/ ha. The most favourable weather and climatic conditions for the production of potato tubers were for the Divo 2011 variety with a yield of 45.9 t/ha and 2013 – 45.1 t/ha. For the Legenda variety 2016, the yield of potato tubers is 40.6 t/ha and 2017 – 43.2 t/ha. Malin White 2013 is 41.4 t/ha and 2017 42.1 t/ha. The average varieties of potatoes showed a slightly lower yield on average over the years of research. However, among the varieties is allocated Nadiyna – 40.3 t/ha, Slovyanka – 37.2 t/ ha and Vera 33.8 t/ha. Among the years, the most high-yielding for the Vera variety was 2016 with a yield of 36.6 t/ha and 2017 year – 37.8 t/ha. Varieties Slovyanka and Nadiyna 2011 and 2012 with yields of 42.6 and 44.3 t/ha and 46.5 and 45.3 t/ha, respectively. Characterizing the yield of potato tubers of medium-late varieties over the years of research, there was a decrease in this indicator compared with medium-early and middle-aged varieties. However, the high yield of the varieties of Dar is allocated – 40.0 t/ha, Alladin – 33.6 t/ha and Oxamit 31.3 t/ha. Among the years, the most favourable ones were: for Oxamit and Alladin – 2011 – 33.5 and 36.5 t/ha, and 2017 – 34.1 and 36.4 t/ha, respectively. Favourable years for harvesting varieties were 2011 and 2012 with yields of 45.7 and 45.8 t/ha. Thus, the highest yield of potato tubers on average over the years of studies of medium-early varieties of 41.2-43.3 t / ha were provided by weather conditions of 2011 and 2017 years, medium-ripe varieties 41.0-41.1 - 2012 and 2011, medium- late 37,6-38,5 t / ha - 2012 and 2011, respectively.

THE ECONOMY OF WATER RESOURCES WITH THE USE OF POLYMER COMPLEXES IN IRRIGATION OF A COTTON

2018 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
M. Khamidov ◽  
B. Suvanov ◽  
K. Khamroev
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Moisture Capacity ◽  
Polymer Complexes ◽  
Maturation Phase ◽  
Flowering Phase ◽  
Fruit Cultivation ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
Maximum Field ◽  
Alluvial Meadow

The article deals with the use of polymer complexes in alluvial-meadow soils under the pre-determined humidity of 70-80-65% of the maximum field moisture capacity, in the second option with the 1-2-1 scheme in the Bukhara oasis. During the seedling and flowering phase, one irrigation irrigation norm was performed at 734 m3/ha; during the blooming and fruit cultivation phase, three irrigation operations were performed with irrigation norms of 631-644 m3/ha, one irrigation with a watering rate of 865 m3/ha was performed during the maturation phase. The irrigation norm was 2874 m3/ha or, relative to the control variant, by 1754 m3/ha less, which allowed saving manual water, as well as the results of the conducted experiments and their impact on cotton growth, development and yield.

scholarly journals Quality Attributes of Malaysia Purple-Fleshed Sweet Potato at Different Peel Condition

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 872
Author(s):  
Nurfarhana Shaari ◽  
Rosnah Shamsudin ◽  
Mohd Zuhair Mohd Nor ◽  
Norhashila Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In this study, physical and chemical properties (dry matter, ash, moisture, protein, fat, fiber, carbohydrate, starch, amylose, and vitamin C) of sweet potato tuber and flour of Anggun 1 cultivar were evaluated at different conditions. During peeling, the tuber and flour were processed subjected to three different conditions, which were unpeeled tubers (C1), peeled tubers (C2), and skin of tuber only (C3). From the results, the highest (p < 0.05) dry matter was observed in C1 while higher contents of ash, moisture, and protein were found in C3. Regarding the fat and vitamin C content, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were found between each condition. The highest fiber, carbohydrate, and amylose content (p < 0.05) were found in C1. The C1 and C2 reflected significantly higher (p < 0.05) starch content. Overall, these results provide important information about the peeling effect on the physical and chemical properties of Anggun 1. The information could be used as adding value to healthy food in the Malaysian diet due to the nutritional value of sweet potato.

Effects of irrigation regimes on powdery scab disease and yield of potatoes

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 745 ◽  
Author(s):  
PA Taylor ◽  
SP Flett ◽  
RFde Boer ◽  
D Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Powdery Scab ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Spongospora Subterranea ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Tuber Set ◽  
Large Scale Field

The period of susceptibility of potato tubers to powdery scab (Spongospora subterranea) was studied by inoculating potato plants with spores, or by watering plants in infested soil, at different stages of plant development in greenhouse conditions. Maximum susceptibility began about 1 week before the stage when 50% of stolons had swollen to at least 5-mm diameter (tuber set), and ended 3-4 weeks later. With holding irrigation water during this period reduced the severity of powdery scab by 65-75% in field experiments in 1981-82 and 1982-83, but had no apparent effect on disease severity in 3 out of 6 large-scale field trials during 1984-85.

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