scholarly journals World market of coking coals within the period of 2000–2017 and tendencies of its further development

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
L. S. Plakitkina ◽  
Yu. A. Plakinkin ◽  
K. I. D’yachenko
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
World Market ◽  
Trade Volume ◽  
Coking Coal ◽  
World Export ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Further Development ◽  
World Consumption

Data on mining and consumption of coking coals quoted, including China, Australia, Russia, USA and India. It was shown, that China, taking the first place in the world on those indices, keeps a policy of coals mining and consumption cutting. The China authorities set a task to cut coal mining by 500 mt within 3–5 years beginning from 2016, by mines closing and reducing of working days number at coal-mining plants (from 330 down to 276 a year). At Ukraine in 2017 only 5.2 mt of coking coals were mined, relating to the 2000 level it constitutes only 18.8%. A cardinal reduction of coking coals production from 18.9 mt in 2000 down to 2.4 mt in 2017 observed in Germany. The world consumption of coking coals from 2000 through 2017 increased more than two-folds. However, beginning from 2014, a decreasing trend observed. China is the leader in coking coals consumption. The consumption of them increased in 2017 comparing with 2000 more than five-folds. South Korea takes the fifth place by coking coals consumption. The volume of its consumption increased from 2000 through 2017 by factor 1.9. Ukraine, USA and Germany decreased consumption of coking coals within the period under consideration by 44.3, 38.7 and 40.1% correspondently. The coal world export by end of 2017 comparing with 2000 increased by factor 1.7. By results of 2017, Australia exported 62% of the world coking coal trade volume. USA are the second big exporter of coking coals. The export of coals from the USA in 2017 increased comparing with 2000 by 68%.

scholarly journals FROM ORANJE NASSAU TO PULAU LAUT : THE INVEST OF COAL MINING IN SOUTHEAST KALIMANTAN FROM 1845 TO 1931

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Mansyur -
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
World Market ◽  
Mining Company ◽  
The World ◽  
Coal Market ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The 19Th Century

European Industrial Revolution in the eighteenth century brought great changes not only in Europe itself but also in other parts of the world including Indonesia which was used to be a country of Dutch colony. The invention of steam-powered ships triggered the Dutch to use steam-powered vessels as the alteration of yachts, wind-powered ships, in the 19th century. At the beginning, the steam-powered ships used rotating wheels in the left and right side; however, the ships finally used ordinary windmills or propellers. The decrease and the lack of this production was getting worsened the competition of other producer countries in world market and the unstable coal market and in crisis year in 1930, Pulau Laut Mining Company production dropped so that it was closed down in the same year.

scholarly journals World corn market: analysis, trends and prospects of its deep processing

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-111
Author(s):  
Natalia Tanklevska ◽  
Viktoriia Petrenko ◽  
Alla Karnaushenko ◽  
Kateryna Melnykova
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Investment Project ◽  
World Market ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Deep Processing ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Corn Processing

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to determine the prospects of deep processing of corn in Ukraine, taking into account the restraining factors of development, on the basis of the analysis of the state and tendencies of functioning of the world market of corn. Methodology / approach. During the research, general scientific and special research methods were used, in particular: analysis and synthesis, scientific abstraction – in determining the purpose and formulating conclusions; comparative, calculation, statistical and graphical ones – in the assessment, analysis, comparison and establishment of patterns of the current state and trends in the production of corn and its deep processing; program-target one – to substantiate the factors of intensification of deep processing of corn in Ukraine. Results. The analysis was carried out and tendencies of world corn production were determined. The shares of countries-producers and countries-consumers of corn were calculated; their dynamics of changes were analyzed. Analysis of the dynamics of prices for corn grain on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange indicates that the price of raw materials is gradually declining, so agricultural enterprises that sell corn as a raw material, lose income from its production. The structure of corn use in different directions in the world was analyzed, and the structure of its use in the USA was considered in more detail. Factors of activation of deep processing of corn were identified. In Ukraine, deep grain processing as an industry is just beginning to develop, so it is worth processing corn, based on the experience of leading countries, such as the USA and China. Estimated costs for the construction of a modern plant for deep processing of corn and income from the implementation of this investment project were calculated. Originality/scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the world corn market; economic substantiation of expediency of corn processing in Ukraine; improving the system of factors to intensify the development of deep processing of corn in Ukraine. Practical value / implications. The practical value of the results of the study is that they will contribute to the formation of the concept of intensifying the development of deep processing of corn in Ukraine. The main results can be used by agro-industrial enterprises during the development of deep corn processing projects.

scholarly journals ESports: a Review of Foreign and Russian Media Resources

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-330
Author(s):  
Alina G. Chernyavskaya
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Internet Resources ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Russian Media ◽  
Video Format ◽  
Resources Development ◽  
Media Market

Millions of people all over the world watch ESports matches and follow the news about favourite teams and players. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic ESports market has received unprecedented growth of audience. The present paper is aimed at exploring and comparing specific features of ESports internet resources development around the world. The author observes the most visited ESports sites in such countries as South Korea, China, the USA, and Russia. Also, this article examines website traffic statistics to analyze the popularity of ESports internet resources among an audience. The data is based on the number of views and visitors for each country during the day, month, and year. The study showed that the Asian ESports media market prefers to use video format for providing content compared to the USA and Russia. The USA and Russia still use text and video formats.

China’s Diamond in the World Market

2011 ◽  
Vol 487 ◽  
pp. 526-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Hong Li ◽  
B. Zhao ◽  
Liang Li ◽  
J. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Diamond ◽  
World Market ◽  
Average Price ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Demand Pattern ◽  
Yearly Average ◽  
The World ◽  
Increase Rate ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Competitive Prices

China becomes the biggest producing country of synthetic diamond in the world. China’s output in 2010 is in excess of 7 billion carats. The yearly average increase rate is nearly 20% for the last 10 years. It almost accounts for 90% of the world’s production. China’s diamond is exported to 58 countries and regions in 2009. The yearly average export increase rate is about 30% for the last 10 years. Two main reasons supported such growth: 1) Continuous improvements made to the diamond synthesizing technology and as a result quality becoming better and better and to a large extend Chinese diamond is close to or equal to those made by her Western counterparts in terms of quality. 2) Competitive prices. The average price is only about $0.05 per carat in 2009, making it irresistible for world users to turn to Chinese diamond. Diamond producers in the Western countries turn to produce more profitable products like PCD & PCBN. This paper delivers some key statistics of Chinese diamond output and export in the last 10 years; it also highlights the diamond import in USA and Japan. The USA is the biggest consumer of China’s diamond. The supply & demand pattern for synthetic diamond is very much different from what it used to be 10 years ago. All these facts are further illustrated by the 10 figures and 1 table in this paper.

How Economic Dependency Was Created Through the WTO: A Case Study of South Korea

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ka Yi Fung
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Market ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Dependency ◽  
The World

Adapting the framework of dependency theory, the article asks how the economic dependency of less developed countries (LDCs) on developed countries (DCs) is created through free trade. This article uses South Korea’s entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO) as a case study to illustrate this economic dependency creation process. Based on second-hand data from existing studies, the European Union, and the WTO, this article finds: (i) due to limited farmland size and high production costs, South Korean agricultural products cannot win a seat in the world market; (ii) the local agricultural sector was destroyed in South Korea because small farmers cannot earn a living by farming; and (iii) since the local agricultural sector cannot support the food demand in South Korea, South Korea now has to import a large amount of food. This article concludes that free trade actually destroys the local agricultural industry and the food security of South Korea, and consequently makes South Korea have to rely heavily on DCs for food import.

scholarly journals The globalization of the world coal market – contradictions and trends

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 01044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yevheniia Sribna ◽  
Olena Trokhymets ◽  
Ihor Nosatov ◽  
Iryna Kriukova
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Market ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Coal Market ◽  
Coal Supply ◽  
State Subsidies

The article describes the global coal market as the ratio of demand and supply depending on the development of energy technologies in the historical section. The continental specificity of coal mining is given. The basic world exporters and importers of coal and their role in the sale of energy fuels are analyzed. The key coal producing countries are China, India, the USA, and Australia. The largest consumers of coal products are China, India, Japan and Korea. There are unconditional leaders in the export coal market: Indonesia and Australia. In addition, a comparison of large coal companies and their share in the world market is presented. The features of coal supplies are analyzed in accordance with international rules (Incoterms), which regulate the rights and obligations of the buyer when conducting international trade, as well as determine the moment of transfer of risks from the seller to the buyer. The following supply bases were characterized: FOB (Free On Board), FAS (Free Alongside Ship), CIF (Cost Insurance and Freight), DAP (Delivered At Place), FCA (Free Carrier) etc. Trends in the logistics component of the global coal industry are revealed. Logistic of coal supply chains in comparison with other energy fuels and their features are disclosed. The problem of profitability of mines and their effectiveness is presented. Assessment of the environmental components of coal use in industry and energy is analyzed. It was noted that on the background of the trend to protect the environment and promote renewable energy, coal is becoming less popular in developed countries. This trend is further exacerbated by state subsidies for green energy.

scholarly journals WORLD TRENDS OF OIL MARKET DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Irina Chekhova
Keyword(s):  
World Market ◽  
Agricultural Market ◽  
Oil Market ◽  
The World ◽  
Graphic Information ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Rapeseed Production ◽  
Total Structure ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Structure Of Production

Introduction. Oilseeds in the world occupy significant areas of production, their consumption is growing every year. The share of domestic oilseeds in total oilseeds production is significant, and domestic demand is stable with a tendency to increase. Therefore, the analysis of trends and vectors of development of the oilseeds market is a priority area of research of the modern agricultural market. Methods. Theoretical and methodological basis for the analysis of the oilseeds market, determining changes in the structure of production and export of oilseeds, factors influencing the further development of this market were scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists on the dynamics and development of the world market of oilseeds. In the course of research the following methods were used: system generalization, abstract-logical, analysis and synthesis, observation, comparison, graphic. Information base for analysis – production and economic indicators of gross production, exports, prices of sunflower, rapeseed, soybeans for 2014-2019. Results. The tendencies and changes of world and domestic production and export of sunflower, soybean, rape in the conditions of development of the agricultural markets during 2014-2019 are investigated. Changes of structure of production of oilseeds in the world and in Ukraine are revealed. Thus, there is a redistribution of the structure of world sunflower production between the leading countries, and world rapeseed production is declining. It is established that the share of Ukraine in the total structure of world production of oilseeds has increased: for sunflower from 26 to 28%, for rapeseed – from 3 to 4,8%, for soybeans – from 1,2 to 1,3%. Discussion. The analysis of the main trends that have formed in the world and domestic market of oilseeds, as well as the dynamics of changes in the structural ratios of production indicators of oilseeds provides an opportunity to assess and predict market conditions. Keywords: agricultural market, oilseeds, sunflower, soybean, rapeseed, gross harvest, export.

scholarly journals Steel industry of the world and of Russia in pandemic environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 657-664
Author(s):  
N. G. Zinov’eva
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
World Market ◽  
The World ◽  
Steel Consumption ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Chinese Export ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
In Cis ◽  
Production Dynamic

The crisis of the world economy, caused by coronavirus pandemic early 2020, resulted in a recession in demand for steel products, decrease of ferrous metals production. Dynamic of steel production by world regions and separate countries in 2019 and by 4 months of 2020 is presented. Results of IQ-2020 comparing with the analogue period of 2019, published by WSA, showed more than 10% production drop in such countries like Italy, Spain, Belgium, Taiwan, Venezuela and other, less than 10% production drop in the USA, Russia, Japan, India, Germany, Vietnam. Total decrease of production in IQ-2020 in Top-20 countries accounted for about 1%. In Russia, as per Rosstat data, production of steel and rolled products in the IQ-2020 was less by 1.1% comparing with the volume of IQ-2019. Dynamic of prices within the period from April of 2019 till April of 2020 presented for iron ore raw materials, steel billets, rebars, HRC and CRC at the world market. The decrease of steel rolled products import in the USA in January-April of 2020 by 5,8 million tons was noted, which is 28,2 % lower than the volume of January-April 2019. EC countries in IQ- 2020 decreased export of steel rolled products by 11% down to 4.51 million tons, comparing with IQ-2019, import decreased by 20.6% down to 5.7 million tons. China in January-April of 2020 comparing with January-April of 2019 decreased export of steel by 11.7% down to 20.6 million tons, and increased import by 7.4% up to 4.2 million tons. It was noted, that demand increase at the domestic market of China and tariff-wall, imposed by the USA, EC countries and other countries contribute to the decrease of Chinese export. In 2020 further decrease of steel products demand is expected by 6.4%. In EC countries the metal products consumption due to estimation will decrease by 15.8%, in developing countries (without China), as expected, by the results of 2020 the indices will deteriorate by 11.6%. Consumption of steel products in China in 2020 will increase by 1%. In CIS countries and Russia the decrease of steel consumption in 2020 will be about 10%.

Tendencies of grain production and processing in the regions of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Olena Lyakhovska
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
World Market ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Deep Processing ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
The World ◽  
Processing Product ◽  
Further Development

The volumes and changes in grain production in the regions of Ukraine are analyzed. The grain production volumes are revealed to have increased by 11.11% in 2013-2018. Poltava, Vinnytsia and Chernihiv regions were the leaders among the regions, where they produced about 24.5% of the total grain in Ukraine. The paper determines that high levels of grain production have led to an oversaturation of the domestic market and increased exports of this product. At the same time, the volumes and growth rates of wheat or wheat-rye flour, which is the basis of deep processing, decreased. The production of this grain processing product is concentrated in Vinnytsia, Kharkiv, Kyiv, Dnipropetrovsk and Khmelnytsky regions. In total, more than 50% of flour from the total production in Ukraine were produced in these regions in 2018. According to trends in grain production and its processing, regions of Ukraine are grouped into: regions with high levels of grain production and processing (Vinnytsia, Kharkiv, Kyiv, Dnipropetrovsk and Khmelnytsky); regions with high levels of grain production and low volumes of its processing (Poltava, Chernihiv, Cherkasy, Sumy, Odesa, Kirovohrad oblasts); regions with a tendency to increase the volumes of grain processing (Zhytomyr, Lviv and Volyn oblasts); regions that increase grain production, but the volume of its processing decreases (Ternopil, Kherson, Zaporizhia, Rivne and Ivano-Frankivsk and Mykolaiv); regions with a tendency to decrease the volume of grain production and processing (Donetsk, Luhansk, Zakarpattya and Chernivtsi regions. The ways of further development of these regions in terms of grain production and processing are suggested. The following measures will contribute to consolidation of positive trends in grain production: updating of technological support of grain production in order to reduce its cost and increase the opportunities for creating an ecological product that will be competitive in the world market; increase of elevator capacity, which will prevent the risk of losses due to poor storage of products.

Turkey's Foreign Trade and New Markets for Turkey

2016 ◽  
pp. 147-165
Author(s):  
Ahu Coşkun Özer
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
World Trade Organization ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Export Markets ◽  
New Markets ◽  
World Export ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Survey Results

The share of developing countries in the world trade is increasing every day. According to an assessment made by the World Trade Organization (WTO), a share of developing countries in the world export is expected to rise by 8.5% in the years ahead. Turkey's share in the world trade is around 1%, and it is expected to increase up to 1.5% by 2023.Turkey is ranked 22nd in the world export and 15th in the world import of goods. Turkey's current problems are account and trade deficits. New markets will potentially offer an opportunity to overcome both account and trade deficits. The aim of this chapter is to define new export markets for Turkey. According to the survey results, Turkey may potentially increase its export to the USA. Apart from the USA, Germany and Russia will continue to serve as export markets for Turkey in the years ahead. Therefore, Turkish companies will maintain their existing trade relations with these countries.

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