scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF BILIARY FUNCTION OF THE LIVER IN THE DYNAMICS OF POLYTRAUMA IN THE EXPERIMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
D.V. Kozak
Keyword(s):  
General Pattern ◽  
White Male ◽  
Bile Secretion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Subsequent Decrease ◽  
Biliary Function ◽  
Thiopental Sodium ◽  
Main Components

Relevance. Severe trauma is accompanied by the development of multiple organ dysfunction and the insufficiency of internal organs. The dynamics of changes in the functional state of the liver didn't investigate fully. It is the central organ of detoxification of the body, whose activity occurs in close integration with other organs and systems of the body. The objective is to find out the features of the biliary function of the liver in the dynamics of the developed model of polytrauma. Materials and methods. Polytrauma was performed using 62 nonlinear white male rats weighing 180-200 g under conditions of thiopental-sodium anesthesia (40 mg 1kg-1 intraperitoneally). In surviving animals, the biliary function of the liver was studied in 2 h, 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after injury. For this purpose, the common bile duct was catheterized, and bile was collected for 1 hour in animals under thiopental-sodium anesthesia (60 mg kg-1). The rate of bile excretion and the concentration of total bile acids, cholesterol, direct and indirect bilirubin in the selected portion of bile were determined. Based on these data, the rate of excretion of the studied components of bile was calculated. Euthanasia of rats throughout the experiment was performed by total bloodletting from the heart after previous thiopental-sodium anesthesia (60 mg kg-1 intraperitoneally). The obtained digital data were subject to statistical analysis. Results. In the conditions of experimental polytrauma, there is a violation of the biliary function of the liver. It is manifested in the period of an acute reaction to the trauma first (after 2 hours) by a significant it decreases, then (up to 1 day) development of polycholia - 1.52 times increased of bile secretion. Also increased excretion of the main components of bile, with their subsequent decrease to 7 days, development of the period of temporary improvement in 14 days with the repeated of exacerbation period in 21 days and approach to the norm - in 28 days. The decrease in bile secretion corresponds to a period of shock, which is characterized by the centralization of blood circulation and reduced blood supply to the organs of the gastrointestinal tract. Increased bile secretion and excretion of main bile components in 1 day after a severe injury is associated with the increased biliary polarity of hepatocytes and unloading of the liver from endotoxins. It accumulates due to tissue damage, microcirculation, and hypoxia. Subsequently, the indicators of the biliary function of the liver changed by the identified patterns of lipoperoxidation deviations, antioxidant protection, cytolysis, and endogenous intoxication. The pathogenesis of biliary disorders is the damage of the endoplasmic reticulum membranes, where the synthesis of the main components of bile. As well as the development of edema of the organ, which prevents the outflow of bile. Conclusion. The dynamics of the development of functional liver failure due to polytrauma coincides with the general pattern characteristic of the dynamics of other biochemical markers of traumatic disease. Namely: after 3 days of the post-traumatic period, there was a phase of maximum deepening of deviations of the studied indexes. After 7-14 days there was noted a phase of temporary improvement which is characterized by a change of indexes towards the norm. After 21 days there was a re-exacerbation of the pathological process. After 28 days the indexes changed towards the norm, but for most cases do not reach it. This means that in a critical state of the body the organs and systems coupling is getting worse, which are remote from the site of injury. It can be considered as a factor of compensation and adaptation directed to the survival of the organism.

scholarly journals Features of morphological changes in the thyroid gland of white male rats 1 day after thermal trauma of the skin on the background of the introduction of 0.9 % NaCl solution

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
O. I. Tiron
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
White Male ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Thermal Trauma

Despite the fact that the main pathogenetic factor in the development of burn disease is the alteration of the skin, the severity of the condition of patients in the acute period of the disease is due to systemic changes in the body caused by thermal factor. Being a powerful stress factor, severe burns are accompanied by activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary system. Although thyroid hormones are not considered typical "stress hormones", they also play a role in maintaining vasomotor function under stress. The question of thyroid dysfunction on the background of burn injury remains debatable, and scientific data on its morphological and ultramicroscopic changes are quite limited. The aim of the work is to establish microscopic and submicroscopic changes of the thyroid gland of experimental animals in the stage of shock after thermal trauma of the skin. Experimental studies were performed on 12 white adult male rats, which received a thermal burn of the skin of 2-3 degrees with a lesion area of 21-23 % of the skin. An infusion of 0.9 % NaCl solution at a dose of 10 ml/kg was performed into the inferior vena cava. Collection of material for histological and electron microscopic examinations was performed according to generally accepted methods. Histological specimens were examined using a MIKROmed SEO SCAN light microscope and photo-documented using a Vision CCD Camera with an image output system from histological specimens. Ultrathin sections made on an ultramicrotome UMPT-7 were contrasted with uranyl acetate, lead citrate according to the Reynolds method and studied under an electron microscope PEM-125K. Conducted micro- and submicroscopic studies of the structural components of the thyroid gland a day after the reproduction of thermal trauma to the skin on the background of the introduction of 0.9 % NaCl solution revealed reactive adjunctive-compensatory changes and initial manifestations of destruction. Vascular, stromal and parenchymal components of the organ in the stage of shock after burns correspond to the state of "stress" as a reaction to pathological exogenous exposure, and the intensification of metabolic processes in the affected organism of experimental animals.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Rumput Laut Cokelat (Sargassum duplicatum) terhadap Peningkatan Kadar Hematokrit pada Darah Tikus Putih Jantan Galur Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) Anemia yang di Induksi NaNO2

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Ayu Mayang A. P. ◽  
Liliawanti Liliawanti ◽  
Wachjudi Kurnia
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
White Male ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference

<p>Anemia is still a high prevalence disease in Indonesia, caused by a lack of iron in the body. The components from brown seaweed such as cobalamin (vitamin B12), pyridoxine (vitamin B6), chlorophyll and iron (Fe) can increase red blood cells in the body. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of brown seaweed (<em>Sargassum duplicatum</em>) which can increase hematocrit levels in the blood of white male wistar strain rat (<em>Rattus norvegicus</em>) suffered from anemia in induction NaNO<sub>2</sub>.</p><p>            This research uses an experimental laboratory method with a post test only control group design. The samples were 30 male rats divided into 3 treatment groups, the negative control group (K<sub>0</sub>) without treatment, the positive control (K<sub>1</sub>) be treated anemia given NaNO<sub>2</sub> for 18 days without <em>Sargassum duplicatum </em>extract and treatment group (K<sub>2</sub>) treated with anemia given NaNO<sub>2</sub> for 18 days without <em>Sargassum duplicatum </em>extract at a dose of 2,45gr / kgBB. On the 40<sup>th</sup> day, a blood sample was taken, then measured the hematocrit level.</p><p>            The results showed that the mean number of blood hematocrit levels in K<sub>2</sub> was higher than K<sub>1</sub>, it showed a significant difference descriptively. Based on the Kruskal-Wallis test, a value of 0.260 was obtained that p &gt; 0,05 showed that there were no statistically significant differences between groups of experimental animals.</p><p>            From the results of this research, the conclusion is the administration of brown seaweed extract (<em>Sargassum duplicatum</em>) descriptively increased, but not statistically significant.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords :</strong> Anemia, hematocrit, <em>Sargassum duplicatum</em>, NaNO<sub>2</sub></p>

STUDY OF THE LOCAL ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM IN RATS AFTER TOOTH EXTRACTION IN A COMPARATIVE EXPERIMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Арпине Бронислави Антонян ◽  
Дмитрий Юрьевич Харитонов ◽  
Алик Эдикович Петросян ◽  
Эльвира Валерьевна Ветрова
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
White Male ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Mucosal Healing ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Laboratory Assessment ◽  
Hydrogen Water

Проблема недостаточной прогнозируемости развития осложнений после операции удаления зуба и заживления слизистой оболочки имеет актуальность в ежедневной практике врача стоматолога-хирурга. Использование белых крыс-самцов линии Вистар в качестве биомоделирования сложного удаления зуба позволяет провести визуальную и лабораторную оценку течения раневого процесса и оценить влияние растворов, ионизированных серебром, и водородной воды на местный оксидативный статус. Исследование прооксидантного и антиоксидантного состояния имеет важное практическое значение, поскольку позволяет оценить местные компенсаторные возможности организма. Состояние равновесия характерно для физиологической нормы, в то время как воспалительные процессы приводят к разности между этими системами. Статья посвящена осложнениям, возникающим в области удаленных зубов у лабораторных крыс. Изучали влияние физиологического раствора, ионизированного серебром, и водородную воду в качестве жидкости для орошения операционного поля и влияние данных растворов на местный оксидативный статус, а также течение раневого процесса и эпителизацию лунки. Полученные в ходе экспериментального исследования результаты подтверждают необходимость применения новых растворов для орошения оперируемого поля в процессе операции удаления зуба The problem of insufficient prognosticability of complications after tooth extraction and mucosal healing is relevant in the daily practice of a dentist-surgeon. The use of white male rats of the Wistar line as a biomodeling of complex tooth extraction allows for visual and laboratory assessment of the course of the wound process and to assess the effect of solutions ionized with silver and hydrogen water on the local oxidative status. The study of the Pro-oxidant and antioxidant state is of great practical importance, since it allows us to evaluate the local compensatory capabilities of the body. The state of equilibrium is characteristic of the physiological norm, while inflammatory processes lead to a difference between these systems. The article is devoted to complications that occur in the area of removed teeth in laboratory rats. We studied the effect of saline solution ionized with silver and hydrogen water as a liquid for irrigation of the operating field and the effect of these solutions on the local oxidative status, as well as the course of the wound process and epithelization of the well. The results obtained during the experimental study confirm the need to use new solutions for irrigation of the operated field during the operation of tooth extraction

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK PEPAYA TERHADAP KADAR KOLESTEROL TOTAL, LDL DAN HDL DARAH TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN HIPERKOLESTEROLEMIA

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endrinaldi Endrinaldi ◽  
Asterina Asterina
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
White Male ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Soluble Fiber

AbstrakPepaya mengandung pektin yang merupakan serat larut air. Pektin berkemampuan mengikat asam empedu dan dieliminasi keluar tubuh melalui feses. Penurunan jumlah asam empedu di lumen usus menyebabkan hepar menggunakan kolesterol dalam darah untuk membentuk asam empedu. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan penurunan jumlah kolesterol.Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh pemberian ekstrak pepaya mengkal terhadap kadar kolesterol total, HDL dan LDL tikus putih. Desain penelitian ini adalah eksperimental menggunakan 20 ekor tikus putih jantan yang dibagi menjadi empat kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol, dan kelompok perlakuan dengan pemberian ekstrak pepaya dengan dosis 0,5 ml, 1 ml dan 1,5 ml per 200g/BB melalui oral selama 15 hari.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadinya penurunan rerata kadar kolesterol total, LDL, dan peningkatan kadar HDL serum tikus setelah pemberian ekstrak pepaya selama 15 hari secara bermakna (p<0,05). Tetapi tidak terjadi perbedaan yang bermakna (p>0,05) antara kelompok yang diberi ekstrak pepaya dengan dosis 0,5 ml, 1 ml, dan 1,5 ml.Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dari studi ini ialah bahwa ekstrak pepaya dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol total, LDL, dan peningkatan kadar HDL pada serum tikus putih jantanKata kunci : pektin, kolesterol, asam empedu, serat, tikus.AbstractPapaya contain pectin which is a water-soluble fiber. Pectin has the ablity to bind bile acids and eliminated out of the body through the feces. Decrease in the amount of bile acids in intestinal lumen causing liver uses cholesterol to synthesize bile acids blood.The purpose of this study was to see the effect of papaya extract on total cholesterol, HDL and LDL of male rats. This is an experimental research design using 20 white male rats were divided into four groups : control group and group treated with papaya extract a dose of 0,5 ml, 1 ml per 200 gr/body weight orally for 15 days.Results showed a decrease in everage total cholesterol, LDL and increased serum levels of rats after administration of papaya extract after 15 days wereARTIKEL PENELITIAN30significantly (p<0,05). But no significantly difference occused (p>0,05) between groups were fed papaya extractat a dose of 0,5 ml, 1 ml and 1,5 ml.Conclusions from the study are that papaya extract can lower total cholesterol, LDL and levels increased in the serum of male ratsKey word : pectin, cholesterol, bile acid, fiber, rats.

scholarly journals Submicroscopic changes of alveoli of respiratory department of lungs a day after experimental thermal trauma

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Z.M. Nebesna ◽  
O.I. Bashynska ◽  
N.P. Ocheretna ◽  
G.М. Galunko ◽  
O.Ya. Slyvka
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
White Male ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Thermal Lesion ◽  
Thermal Trauma ◽  
Impaired Lung Function ◽  
Ketamine Anesthesia

Deep, large thermal burns are not limited to local lesions of tissues, they cause significant disruption of all systems and organs of the organism, change in metabolic processes. It is revealed that the primary links in the pathogenesis of burn disease are destruction of the skin, impaired neuroendocrine regulation and significant hemodynamic disorders. The reorganization of structures and impaired lung function, in response to a pathological process in the body, is attracting increasing attention of scientists. The aim of the study was to establish a submicroscopic rearrangement of the alveoli after a thermal lesion for 1 day after the experimental thermal trauma. Grade III burns were applied under ketamine anesthesia with copper plates heated in boiled water to a temperature of 97-1000С. The size of the lesion area was 18-20 % of the epilated surface of the body of rats. An experimental study of the structural components of lung alveoli after burn injury was performed on laboratory white male rats weighing 160-180 g. Euthanasia of rats was performed after ketamine anesthesia by decapitation. In the experiment, the study of the submicroscopic state of the walls of the alveoli of the lungs after thermal trauma was done. It is established that in the stage of shock after the application of burn injury – 1 day, in the alveoli of the respiratory department of the lung, there are adaptive compensatory and initial destructive changes of all structural components of the alveoli. Damage to the ultrastructure of the aerohematical barrier is manifested by intracellular edema and edema of the organelles of the endothelial cells, respiratory and secretory epitheliocytes, and the amount of heterochromatin increases in their deformed nuclei. The basement membrane also has signs of edema, sometimes homogeneous, fuzzy. The decrease in the number of vesicles and micropinocytotic vesicles in endothelial and respiratory epitheliocytes leads to impaired endothelial and alveolar metabolism. Numerous actively phagocytic alveolar macrophages with a well-expressed lysosomal apparatus are found in the alveoli. Initial alternative alterations of the ultrastructure of the components of the air-barrier barrier lead to disruption of gas exchange in the respiratory department of the lungs

scholarly journals Histomorphometric assessment of changes in the acinus and islets of Langerhans’ of the pancreas under conditions of general dehydration of the body

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
V.Yu. Kovchun
Keyword(s):  
Islets Of Langerhans ◽  
White Male ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pancreatic Parenchyma ◽  
Intact Group ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Degree Of Severity

Dehydration accompanies a number of pathological conditions and causes alteration of the organs and systems of an organism. Research aim: to study histomorphometric changes in pancreas under the conditions of general dehydration of an organism, to identify correlation between the studied groups. The experiment was carried out on 35 white male rats. Pancreas was stained with haematoxylin and eosin and also Van Gieson’s stain was used. The size of acini and islets of Langerhans and other parenchyma formations were assessed. The acini area of has decreased by 6.5% (р˃0.05) in comparison with the intact group on the 3rd day. The area of islets of Langerhans decreased by 2% (р˃0.05) in comparison with the intact group. The area of islets of Langerhans has increased by 0.2% (р˃0.05) on the 7th dayof experiment in comparison with the control group and by 2.2% (р˃0.05) in comparison with the 3rd day. Acini area has increased by 7.2% (р˃0.05) on the 7th day in comparison with the control group and by 13.2% (р˃0.05) in comparison with the 3rd day. The acini area has increased by 25.8% (р<0.05) on the 10th day in comparison with the control group; by 30.6% (р<0.01) in comparison with the 3rd day; by 20.2% (р˃0.05) in comparison with the 7th day. The area of is lets of Langerhans has increased by 55.5% (р<0.001) incomparison with the control group, by 56.3% (р<0.001) in comparison with the 3rd day; by 55.4% (р<0.001) in comparison with the 7th day. The results analysis found the correlation between the area of islets of Langerhans and acini r=0.407, p<0.05; between the area of islets of Langerhans and dehydration degree r=0.708, p<0.001; between acini area and dehydration degree r=0.534, p<0.001. It was found by morphologically that the presence of destructive changes in the pancreatic parenchyma, which progress as the degree of severity of dehydration.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFICIENCY OF PREVENTION OF CHRONIC FLUORINE INTOXICATION WITH RHODIOLA ROSEA L. ADAPTOGEN

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 744-747
Author(s):  
N. N. Mikhailova ◽  
Anna G. Zhukova ◽  
L. G. Gorokhova ◽  
M. S. Bugaeva ◽  
T. K. Yadykina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
White Male ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rhodiola Rosea ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Fluorine Compounds ◽  
Homeostatic Function ◽  
Biochemical Indices

Introduction. Fluorine and its compounds are industrial pollutants that cause the development of chronic fluorine intoxication (CFI) during long-term intake. It has been shown that in CFI there are disturbances in metabolic processes and morphological changes in various organs. Therefore, the search for organ protective prevention and correction of damage caused by CFI remains relevant in occupational health and medicine. The perspective direction is the assessment of the possibility of prevention and correction of CFI related disorders by means of the remedies of plant origin possessing adaptogenic action, one of which is Rhodiola Rosea L. The objective of the research. To evaluate the effectiveness of organ protective prevention of chronic fluoride intoxication with an adaptogenic drug-containing Rhodiola Rosea L in the experiment conditions Material and methods. The work was carried out on 45 white male rats weighing 200-250 g. Animals were divided into groups of 15 animals: control rats; rats with chronic exposure to sodium fluoride (NaF) for 12 weeks; rats who received NaF solution while administering of Rhodiola Rosea L. extract. Determination of biochemical indices of metabolism in blood serum and histologic studies of the organs (liver and kidneys) were performed. Results. The use of an adaptogenic drug-containing Rhodiola Rosea L. was shown to be effective in preventing the disorders caused by chronic exposure to fluorine compounds, since it normalizes oxidative metabolism in tissues, reduces the manifestation of degenerative, dystrophic and necrotic changes in the liver and kidneys, restores the synthetic and detoxication functions of the liver, and also preserves the homeostatic function of the kidneys. Conclusion. The use of an adaptogenic drug-containing Rhodiola Rosea L. for the prevention of damage caused by the chronic effects of fluorine compounds on the body is effective.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of structural reorganization of the thyroid gland vessels in dynamics after experimental thermal trauma

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 610-615
Author(s):  
V.G. Korytskyi
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
White Male ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Thermal Trauma ◽  
Vascular Bed ◽  
Ketamine Anesthesia

Thermal trauma and burn disease, which develops from deep, large lesions, are accompanied by significant morphological and functional changes not only in the skin, but also in organs of all systems of the body, including thyroid gland. The purpose of the study was to establish a microscopic reorganization of the animal thyroid gland in dynamics after an experimental thermal trauma. Burns of the third degree were applied under ketamine anesthesia with copper plates heated in boiled water to a temperature of 97–100 °С. The affected area corresponded 18–20% of the surface of the rat’s body. Experimental study of structural changes in the vascular bed of the thyroid gland after severe thermal trauma was carried out on laboratory white male rats weighing 160–180 g. Euthanasia of rats was performed after ketamine anesthesia, by decapitation. Structural changes in the thyroid gland were studied after 1, 7, 14 and 21 days from the beginning of the experiment. Histologic sections of 5–6 µm thickness were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. For the study of the connective tissue condition and its main substance, silver impregnation was performed by using the Gordon-Sweet's method (to detect reticular and immature collagen fibers), staining with 3-colored MSB — selective coloring method for intravascular coagulation syndrome. It has been established that in the early stages after the thermal trauma (1–7 days of the experiment, the stage of shock and early toxemia) there are adaptive-compensatory changes and initial signs of destruction of the vascular bed structural components of the organ. In late terms (14–21 days of the experiment, the stages of late toxemia and septicotoxemia) significant destructive-degenerative changes of the thyroid gland arteries, veins and blood vessels of the hemocirculatory bed were detected. Therefore, a severe burn injury causes deep histological modification of the thyroid gland vessels, the degree of intensity of which depends on the time interval of the experiment, which adversely affects on the functioning of the organ and transvascular metabolic processes. In further researches it is planned to study the course of morphological changes of thyroid gland vessels during thermal trauma with combined application of corrective methods.  

scholarly journals Electrical activity dynamics of the hippocampus under caffeine influence

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
T. G. Turitskaya ◽  
A. G. Sidorenko
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Adenosine Receptors ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
White Male ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Bioelectrical Activity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Brain

Multiple studies have shown that the hippocampus is a major part of the limbic system of the brain. It has complex cyclic connections with other brain structures. The hippocampus is an area that stores the sensory information that is associated with effective programs of behavior. The projection of this region in the cortex creates a sense of emotional background, which is a factor of automatic extraction and evaluation of programs, in accordance with past experience, including programs got with a new consciousness. Neurons of hippocampus differ with a severe background activity. Up to 60% of neurons in the hippocampus are responding on the sensory stimulation. Electrical activity is a manifestation of complex shape analyzer processes in stimulating tissues. Changes in activity may indicate the occurrence of adaptive processes that are the result of stress- realizing and stress- limiting systems. One of the main roles in these systems plays hippocampus. The main neurotransmitters of synaptic stimulation in the hippocampus are glutamate. In the hippocampus under conditions of chronic stress are developing neurodegenerative processes in which primary importance belongs to prolonged changes in membrane potential of neurons that potentiate the action of glutamate on nerve cells. Balanced job of synaptic stimulation/inhibition and neurotransmitters systems is underlying the transmission, processing and storage of information in the hippocampus, as well as generating its rhythms, which is a kind of clock operating frequencies of the structure of the brain. Obviously, the various factors that affect the body from the outside can affect on recovery efficiency of electric shift of homeostasis. One of such factors are caffeinated substances, due to their inhibitory effect on phosphodiesterase and interaction with the purine receptors, which ultimately leads to the predominance of stimulating in the brain. In addition, for many decades consumption of caffeinated products with neuro-stimulating properties have greatly increased. Leaders in this list remain coffee and tea. Today the well-known biological effects of caffeinated substances are investigated their chemical composition and process of the transformation in the body. The wide range of research is due to the high consumption of these substances. The environmental factors indirectly or directly, in combination or single affect health, and the caffeinated substances can go to one of the best in strength and impact performance. In neurochemical mechanism of stimulating effect of caffeine plays an important role its ability to bind to specific ("purine" or adenosine) receptors in the brain, the endogenous ligand for which is purine nucleoside – adenosine. The structural similarity of molecules of caffeine and adenosine contributes to this. Since adenosine is seen as a factor that reduces the stimulating processes in the brain, replacing its caffeine results in stimulative effect. Prolonged use of caffeine promotes the formation of new adenosine receptors and the effect of caffeine gradually decreases. However, the sudden cessation of caffeine consumption, adenosine covers all receptors that may lead to increased inhibition with symptoms of fatigue, sleepiness, depression. The relevance of this work is determined by the following observations. Activating mechanism of action of these substances is launching adaptive responses that represent the interaction stress-activating and stress-limiting systems. Energy shortage of the last one under these conditions can appear the cause of many neurodegenerative patalohiy. What may occur in terms of the electroencephalogramm. Electrical activity of the hippocampus, in turn, is one of the indicators of the functional state, which plays an important role in adaptive-compensatory reactions. Therefore, we can assume that prolonged consumption of caffeinated substances can lead to neurodegenerative changes that will show itself in terms of power on hippocampogramm. Therefore, the present study has to identify the dynamics of the bioelectrical activity of the hippocampus of rats under prolonged consumption of caffeinated substances. Experiments were carried out on non-linear white male rats. At the beginning rats were with weight 125–140 g. The animals were divided into 2 groups. The first group consisted of control animals (n = 20). The second group (n = 15) was presented by the animals feeded with pure caffeine in an amount of 150 mg/kg/day. Registration of electrohippocampogramm was performed in acute experiments in the subgroup of 3–5 animals every 2 weeks throughout the study, which lasted for 8 weeks. Background electrical activity of the hippocampus were recorded using standard electrophysiological complex equipment. Recordings started when the electrical activity of the hippocampus disappeared drugs spindle. Each animal spent 10–12 records for 1–2 minutes and then these records are digitally stored on a personal computer and processed using the application package consisting of "MathCAD 2001". Analyzed spectral power (mkV2) and normalized power (%) waves of background electrical activity of the hippocampus within common frequency bands. In the group of animals that continued to receive caffeine in its pure form at the beginning of experiment was observed desynchronization of rhythms in hippocampogramm that after 8 weeks of the study varied synchronization. The results may indicate that the effect of coffeine substances on neurophysiological parameters of electrical activity of the hippocampus of rats reflects one of the many lines of action of some form of nutritional stress, which mechanisms relate to the agreed work and limiting and activating systems of the brain over time.

scholarly journals Study of changes in catalase activity in rat brain under mechanical influence on hemato-ophthalmic barrier

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 06014
Author(s):  
Anatoly Devyatkin ◽  
Olga Pavlova ◽  
Olga Gulenko ◽  
Pavel Boriskin
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
White Male ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Mechanical Trauma ◽  
Barrier Materials ◽  
Mechanical Influence

Hemato-ophthalmic barrier protects nervous system tissues from adverse factors. Against the background of inflammatory process caused by mechanical trauma of the eye, large molecules are able to penetrate the eyeball. At present, the mechanism of restoring the homeostatic balance of the body under oxidative stress caused by mechanical trauma of the eye is poorly studied. The aim of the study was to study the dynamics of catalase activity in rat brain tissue under oxidative stress caused by mechanical influence on hemato-ophthalmic barrier. Materials and methods: the study was conducted on white male rats of six months of age in the amount of 150 pieces. The activity of catalase in brain tissue was studied before the experiment, as well as on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th and 14th day of the experiment using the standard Korolyuk M.A. method. The obtained digital material was statistically processed by non-parametric statistical analysis. Conclusion: The activity of catalase in the rat brain under oxidative stress caused by mechanical action on the hemato-ophthalmic barrier is most effectively stabilized in the standard therapy of mechanical eye injury with the addition of quercetin in the form of injections.

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